A Sensitive Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantitative Determination of Milk Xanthine Oxidase Activity

A new reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed to quantitate the activity of xanthine oxidase involved in milk fat globule membrane with xanthine as the substrate and the separation of product (uric acid). The increment of uric acid in the reaction system was used to calculate the total activity of XO. The optimized assay conditions, linearity of detection, recovery of uric acid and chromatogram were developed in text, indicating this method is simple, rapid and efficient. It is an alternative potential method for the determination of the activity of XO in milk.

Plasma free amino acid profiling of esophageal cancer using high-performance liquid chromatography spectroscopy

AIM: To perform plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profiling of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients at different pathological stages and healthy subjects.

Determination of Organic Acids in Root Exudates by High Performance Liquid Chromatography:Ⅱ.Influence of Several Testing Conditions

Effects of column temperature and flow rate on separation of organic acids were studied by determining nine low-molecular-weight organic acids on reversed- phase C18 column, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a wavelength of UV (ultraviolet) 214 urn and a mobile phase of 18 mmol L-1 KH2PO4 buffer solution (pH 2.1). The thermal stability of organic acids was determined by comparing the recoveries of organic acids in different temperature treatments. The relationships between column temperature, flow rate or solvent pH and retention time were analyzed. At low solvent pH, separation efficiency of organic acids was increased by raising the flow rate of the solvent because of lowering the retention time of organic acids. High column temperature was unfavorable for the separation of organic acids. The separating effect can be enhanced through reducing column temperature in organic acid determination due to increasing retention time. High thermal stability of organic acids with low concentrations was observed at temperature of 40 ℃-45℃. Sensitivity and separation effect of organic acid determination by HPLC were clearly improved by a combination of raising flow rate and lowering column temperature at low solvent pH.

Determination of Trace Amount of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Sewage by Solid-phase Extraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatograph

[Method] This study aimed to determine trace amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in urban sewage by using solid-phase extraction(SPE) coupled with high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC).[Method] From the aspects of solid-phase extraction column,elution solvent,elution volume,elution speed and so forth,the test conditions of SPE-HPLC method were optimized,and trace amount of PAHs in urban sewage was determined.[Result] The optimized solid-phase extraction conditions were SUPELCLEAN LC-18 solid-phase extraction column,methylene dichloride as elution solvent,15 ml elution volume,2 ml/min elution speed,5 ml/min loading speed,1 000 ml water with 200 ml methanol loading volume.Under the optimized extraction conditions,the recovery was high,namely 76.3%-105.2%;relative standard deviation was 3.8%-6.0%,showing good precision;detection limit was low,only 0.000 8-0.048 0 μg/L.[Conclusion] This method is user-friendly,with high sensitivity and good precision,and suitable for continuous determination of a large volume of water samples.

Preparative Optimization of Cellulose Microspheres Applied as Supports for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

The aim of this work is optimizing the techniques to prepare pure cellulose microspheres, which are used as packing adsorbents for high-performance liquid chromatography. Thereupon, cellulose was dissolved in a pre-cooled NaOH/urea solution, from which various-size microspheres were prepared. The volume-average diameters were controlled approximately at 30 p,m, 8 ~tm and 4 pm grades when cyclohexane, liquid paraffin and pump oil were used as dispersants, respectively. The present investigations reveal that higher viscosity dispersant is suitable for the preparation of smaller-size microspheres, while larger size microspheres are prepared preferably using lower-viscosity dispersant. The chiral stationary phase derived from 8 μm grade microspheres can separate the enantiomers of efavirenz.

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Phenolic Acids in Fruits and Vegetables

A simple isocratic HPLC technique has been developed for the quantitative analysis of phenolic acids (PAs) in fruits and vegetables. Nine benzoic and cinnamic acid derivatives were separated in less than 30 min, and the resolution was all more than 1.23. The ranges of linearity for PAs standards were 0.2-100 ng, even up to 600 ng (r = 0.983-1.000) and the detection limits were 0.02-0.24 mg/kg. Samples of fresh vegetables and fruits were extracted with 80% mcthanol and ethyl acetate, then purified with C18 Sep-Pak cartridge and determined by HPLC. This method was applied to the determination of PAs in 7 kinds of fruits and vegetables, i.e., apple, pear, Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, turnip, soybean sprout and white grape wine. The content of the 9 PAs varied widely in the 7 kinds ol'foods studied. The average concentrations ofchlorogenic acid in apple (100.2 mg/kg) and pear (30.8 mg/kg) were quite high, and sinapinic acid was remarkable (42.5 mg/kg) in Chinese cabbage, and protocatechuic acid had the highest concentration of all the PAs in white wine.

A highly sensitive SPE-liquid/liquid extraction-RPLC analytical method for the determination of 6β-hydroxycortisol and cortisol in cancer patients' urine

A highly sensitive SPE-liquid/liquid extraction RPLC method has been developed for the analysis of 6β-hydroxycortisol and cortisol in the urine of cancer patients. Methods： After SPE column purification and liquid-liquid extraction, the sample test solutions were analyzed with RPLC using a C18 analytical column. This improved analytical method has been validated for linearity, accuracy （recovery from urine）, repeatability （within-day and between-day precision）, specificity, sensitivity, and stability. This SPE-liquid/liquid extraction-RPLC is rapid, simple, accurate and reproducible. The technique is particularly useful for monitoring the CYP3A activity of cancer patients in clinical settings. The results are expressed as the ratio of 6β-hydroxycortisol to cortisol. Results： The CYP3A activity from a total of 153 samples was measured using this improved method. Considerable variation in the CYP3A activity of different cancer patients has been documented. Thus, personalized medical treatment based on the individual metabolic enzyme activity level is necessary. Conclusion： This new analytical method facilitates such individualized medical treatments.

Determination of Amantadine Residue in Honey by Solid-phase Extraction and High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Pre-column Derivatization and Fluorometric Detection

Amantadine （AMA） is an anti-viral drug used in apiculture to protect honeybee against the sacbrood virus （Morator aetatulae）. This study described a reliable high-performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） method for analyzing AMA in honey using a solid-phase extraction （SPE） cartridge （Plexa PCX） for purification, 4-fluoro-7- nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole （NBD-F） as a pre-column derivatization agent, and fluorometric detection （λex =470 nm, λem=530 nm）. The chromatographic separation was performed on an XDB C18 column （150×4.6 mm i.d.） using 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile （35 ; 65, V/V） as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mLomin 1 with a run time of 20 min. Under these optimal conditions, a linear relationship was observed in the range of 0.025--1.0μg·mL-1 with a good correlation coefficient （0.998） and low limit of detection （0.0080 μg·g-1）, the recoveries were all above 90%, and the intra-day and inter-day precision （RSD） ranged from 3.4%--5.1%.

Determination of Polysaccharide in Radix pseudostellariae Extract by Size-Exclusion High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A simple size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for rapid molecular mass screening to determine the average molecular mass, polydispersity, and quantity of Taizishen polysaccharides extract. The screening used a TOSOH TSK-GEL G3000SW high-performance liquid chromatographic column with 0.1 mol/L NaNO3 buffer as the mobile phase and refractive index detector. The molecular mass calibration curve was linear for polysaccharide standards from 10 to 100 kDa with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The method can be used to analyze the quantity, average molecular mass, and polydispersity of polysaccharides. In addition, the screening method is suitable for quality control of polysaccharide preparations in Chinese medicines and pharmaceutical products.

Preparation and Characterization of a New Quercetin-bonded Stationary Phase for High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A quercetin-bonded silica gel stationary phase （QUSP） containing natural flavonoid ligand was first prepared via γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane （KH-560） as a coupling reagent for high-performance liquid chromatography. Its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermal thermogravimetry and 13C cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance （CP/MAS NMR）. The chromatographic property of QUSP was systematically evaluated by using neutral, basic and acidic aromatic com- pounds as probes. In order to clarify its retention mechanism, a comparative study of QUSP with conventional oc- tadecylsilyl-bonded stationary phase （ODS） was also carried out under the same conditions. The results showed that the new quercetin-bonded phase exhibited an excellent reversed-phase chromatographic property with relatively weak hydrophobicity. However, it has an advantage over ODS in the fast separation of polar aromatic compounds because the quercetin ligand could provide various sites besides hydrophobicity, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, n-n staking and charge transfer interactions. QUSP was performed in the baseline separations of ion- ized polar basic or acidic compounds, including pyridines, anilines, pyrimidines, purines and phenols with symmet- ric peak shape in common mobile phases without buffer salt within relatively short time. The natural ligands from herbs are readily available and contain a variety of active sites, which facilitate the exploration of industrial chromatographic separation materials for green products.

Control System for Low Pressure Gradient Mixer in High Performance Liquid Chromatograph

A control system used in high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC) was described.The control system adopting low pressure gradient elution was tested with different initial and end volume fractions,and four types of gradient elution curves.The experimental results verified the theoretical analyses of the applied method.This self-designed control system can achieve approving accuracy,repeatability and low cost,which has a bright outlook for domestic applications.

灯笼果中噻菌灵的RP-HPLC-PDA残留分析

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器测定灯笼果中杀菌剂噻菌灵残留的分析法。方法:色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS(150mm×4.6mm),检测波长为299nm,流动相为pH6.8的乙腈-0.02mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(70:30,V/V),流速为0.6mL/min,进样量20μL。结果:噻菌灵在0.10～90.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积成良好线性关系(r=0.9995),检测限为0.05μg/mL,噻菌灵的回收率为87.9%～102.6%,相对标准偏差为0.98%～2.79%。结论:该方法操作简便快速,可作为灯笼果中噻菌灵含量监测的控制方法。

RP-HPLC法测定环孢素A脂质体乳胶剂中环孢素A的含量

目的 :用反相高效液相色谱 (RP HPLC)法测定环孢素脂质体乳胶剂中环孢素A的含量。方法 :以SpherisorbC8( 5 μm ,2 0 0mm× 4.6mmID)为色谱柱 ,乙腈 pH 2磷酸盐缓冲液( 68∶3 2 )为流动相 ,检测波长UV 2 10nm ,流速 1.0ml·min-1,柱温 60℃。结果 :环孢素A在 10～ 40 0mg·L-1浓度范围内线性关系良好 ,回收率为 99.5 2 % ,相对标准差为 1.62 % (n =5 )。结论 :RP HPLC法准确 ,灵敏度高 ,重现性好 。

Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Human Plasma and Urine by Precolumn Derivatization High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

A sensitive, simple and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） method was developed for the determination of ciprofloxacin in biological fluids. The method is based on the reaction between the drug and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan （NBD-C1） in borate buffer of pH 9.0 to yield a highly fluorescent derivative that is measured at 535 nm after excitation at 464 nm. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranges of 25--3000 and 50--3000 ng·mL -1 for plasma and urine, respectively. The mean recovery of ciprofloxacin from plasma and urine was 98.37% and 98.40%, respectively. The method was found to be sensitive, precise, accurate, and reproducible. All of the validation parameters were within the acceptance range.

反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸

提出一种利用反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸的方法。应用反相C18色谱柱 ODS-2 HYPERSIL 250 mm×4．6 mm 5μm,以0．05 mol·L-1NH4H2PO4(用H3PO4调pH2．6)为流动相,发酵液经稀硫酸预处理后直接进样分离定量,每一样品的分析过程不超过5 min,可及时了解丙酮酸发酵过程中丙酮酸的变化,适于发酵液中丙酮酸的检测。

RP-HPLC-DAD法测定茶叶籽油酚类化合物

建立同时分离、检测茶叶籽油中酚类化合物组分和含量的高效液相色谱法。比较了流动相组成的影响,选择合适的乙酸加入量,建立最优梯度洗脱条件。结果表明,14种酚类物质在该条件下能够得到较好的分离,各物质的线性相关系数均在0.99以上。运用该方法从茶叶籽油中共检测到13种酚类化合物,包括5种酚酸、3种黄酮类和5种儿茶素类,含量分别为46.8、21.72、40.16μg/g;其酚酸类主要为肉桂酸和咖啡酸,黄酮类主要为山奈酚、槲皮素和芦丁,儿茶素类主要为儿茶素。该方法准确、可靠,适用于茶叶籽油中酚类化合物分析。

RP-HPLC法对元宝枫果翅中3种黄酮苷元的研究

目的研究元宝枫果翅活性与其有效成分的相关性。方法利用反相高效液相色谱法测定不同季节元宝枫果翅中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素含量。结果不同季节样品中3种黄酮苷元的定量分析结果分别为槲皮素平均回收率99.8%,RSD=0.72%;山柰酚平均回收率为100.8%,RSD=1.09%;异鼠李素平均回收率为102.4%,RSD=1.61%。结论元宝枫果翅中含有中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素,其含量随季节变化。

RP-HPLC法测定西红花甙提取物中西红花甙-1和西红花甙-2的含量

目的 :建立反相高效液相色谱测定西红花甙提取物中西红花甙 1和西红花甙 2含量的方法。方法 :采用No va PakC18(4μm ,15 0mm× 3 .9mm)色谱柱 ,流动相甲醇 水 (5 5∶45 ) ,流速 1ml·min-1,检测波长 440nm。结果 :西红花甙 1对照品的线性范围为 0 .0 3～ 0 .3 0g·L-1,r=0 .9999,平均加样回收率为 10 0 .2 1% ,RSD =0 .3 8% ;西红花甙 2对照品的线性范围为 0 .0 5～ 0 .3 0g·L-1,r =0 .9999,平均加样回收率为 99.78% ,RSD =0 .42 %。结论 :采用反相高效液相色谱法测定西红花提取物中西红花甙 1和西红花甙 2含量 ,操作简便。

山茱萸果汁RP-HPLC梯度洗脱优化实验研究

采用反相高效液相色谱（RP—HPLC），建立山茱萸果汁定性定量分析方法．经梯度洗脱优化出的色谱条件为：用Hypersil GOLD C18色谱柱，以体积分数为0．1％磷酸水溶液（含2％乙腈）为流动相A，乙腈为流动相B，梯度洗脱时间分别为0、8、12、26和55min时，B体积分数（％）分别为0、0、8、8和26，流速为1．0ml Mmin，柱温为35℃，波长为259nm．采用中位数法筛选10批山茱萸果汁HPLC图谱的特征峰，确定15个共有峰为果汁定性分析的指标峰．以马钱苷吸收峰为参照，对果汁HPLC图谱中马钱苷进行定量测定，其线性范围为0．092～0．920μg，平均回收率为99．06％（RSD：1．62％），马钱苷平均含量为2．162mg／mL（n=10）．

利用RP-HPLC分析柑橘果肉水溶性蛋白质的差异

本文探索了利用超声波细胞破碎仪提取柑橘果肉中水溶性蛋白质的方法,并对流动相及波长等色谱条件进行优化,建立了反相高效液相色谱分离柑橘果肉水溶性蛋白质的技术。优化后的色谱条件为:流动相A为0.05%三氟乙酸甲醇溶液,B为0.05%三氟乙酸水溶液,A液100%～72%,梯度洗脱45 min,再用A液平衡10min,流速为1.0 mL/min,进样量为20μL,检测波长为270 nm。从7个柑橘品种的果肉中共分离出20个不同的蛋白质峰,图谱中各品种的特有蛋白质反映了不同品种不同表型性状的重要信息。