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Reversed charge transfer induced by nickel in Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon nanobox for promoted reversible oxygen electrocatalysis
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作者 Zhicheng Nie Lei Zhang +4 位作者 Qiliang Zhu Zhifan Ke Yingtang Zhou Thomas Wågberg Guangzhi Hu 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期202-212,I0005,共12页
The interaction between metal and support is critical in oxygen catalysis as it governs the charge transfer between these two entities,influences the electronic structures of the supported metal,affects the adsorption... The interaction between metal and support is critical in oxygen catalysis as it governs the charge transfer between these two entities,influences the electronic structures of the supported metal,affects the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates,and ultimately impacts the catalytic performance.In this study,we discovered a unique charge transfer reversal phenomenon in a metal/carbon nanohybrid system.Specifically,electrons were transferred from the metal-based species to N-doped carbon,while the carbon support reciprocally donated electrons to the metal domain upon the introduction of nickel.This led to the exceptional electrocatalytic performances of the resulting Ni-Fe/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and a low overpotential of 290 m V at 10 mA cm^(-2)towards oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under alkaline conditions.Additionally,the Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@carbon heterojunction catalyst demonstrated high specific capacity(794 mA h g_(Zn)~(-1))and excellent cycling stability(200 h)in a Zn-air battery.Theoretical calculations revealed that Mo_(2)C effectively inhibited charge transfer from Fe to the support,while secondary doping of Ni induced a charge transfer reversal,resulting in electron accumulation in the Fe-Ni alloy region.This local electronic structure modulation significantly reduced energy barriers in the oxygen catalysis process,enhancing the catalytic efficiency of both ORR and OER.Consequently,our findings underscore the potential of manipulating charge transfer reversal between the metal and support as a promising strategy for developing highly-active and durable bi-functional oxygen electrodes. 展开更多
关键词 Metal-support interaction Charge transfer reversal Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Zinc-air battery
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Mass transfer process of peanut protein extracted by bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate reverse micelles
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作者 Chenxian Yang Tianci Li +5 位作者 Tingwei Zhu Xiaojie Duan Yibao Chen Yandong Xu Fusheng Chen Kunlun Liu 《Grain & Oil Science and Technology》 CAS 2024年第1期60-67,共8页
The liquid-liquid extraction method using reverse micelles can simultaneously extract lipid and protein of oilseeds,which have become increasingly popular in recent years.However,there are few studies on mass transfer... The liquid-liquid extraction method using reverse micelles can simultaneously extract lipid and protein of oilseeds,which have become increasingly popular in recent years.However,there are few studies on mass transfer processes and models,which are helpful to better control the extraction process of oils and proteins.In this paper,mass transfer process of peanut protein extracted by bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate(AOT)/isooctane reverse micelles was investigated.The effects of stirring speed(0,70,140,and 210 r/min),temperature of extraction(30,35,40,45,and 50℃),peanut flour particle size(0.355,0.450,0.600,and 0.900 mm)and solidliquid ratio(0.010,0.0125,0.015,0.0175,and 0.020 g/mL)on extraction rate were examined.The results showed that extraction rate increased with temperature rising,particle size reduction as well as solid-liquid ratio increase respectively,while little effect of stirring speed(P>0.05)was observed.The apparent activation energy of extraction process was calculated as 10.02 kJ/mol and Arrhenius constant(A)was 1.91 by Arrhenius equation.There was a linear relationship between reaction rate constant and the square of the inverse of initial particle radius(1/r_(0)^(2))(P<0.05).This phenomenon and this shrinking core model were anastomosed.In brief,the extraction process was controlled by the diffusion of protein from the virgin zone interface of particle through the reacted zone and it was in line with the first order reaction.Mass transfer kinetics of peanut protein extracted by reverse micelles was established and it was verified by experimental results.The results provide an important theoretical guidance for industrial production of peanut protein separation and purification. 展开更多
关键词 AOT reverse micelles Peanut protein KINETICS Shrinking core model Mass transfer
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APST-Flow: A Reversible Network-Based Artistic Painting Style Transfer Method
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作者 Meng Wang Yixuan Shao Haipeng Liu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2023年第6期5229-5254,共26页
In recent years,deep generative models have been successfully applied to perform artistic painting style transfer(APST).The difficulties might lie in the loss of reconstructing spatial details and the inefficiency of ... In recent years,deep generative models have been successfully applied to perform artistic painting style transfer(APST).The difficulties might lie in the loss of reconstructing spatial details and the inefficiency of model convergence caused by the irreversible en-decoder methodology of the existing models.Aiming to this,this paper proposes a Flow-based architecture with both the en-decoder sharing a reversible network configuration.The proposed APST-Flow can efficiently reduce model uncertainty via a compact analysis-synthesis methodology,thereby the generalization performance and the convergence stability are improved.For the generator,a Flow-based network using Wavelet additive coupling(WAC)layers is implemented to extract multi-scale content features.Also,a style checker is used to enhance the global style consistency by minimizing the error between the reconstructed and the input images.To enhance the generated salient details,a loss of adaptive stroke edge is applied in both the global and local model training.The experimental results show that the proposed method improves PSNR by 5%,SSIM by 6.2%,and decreases Style Error by 29.4%over the existing models on the ChipPhi set.The competitive results verify that APST-Flow achieves high-quality generation with less content deviation and enhanced generalization,thereby can be further applied to more APST scenes. 展开更多
关键词 Artistic painting style transfer reversible network generative adversarial network wavelet transform
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The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate mediated by xanthate 被引量:3
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作者 Bo Jiang Qing Hua Zhang Xiao Li Zhan Feng Qiu Chen 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第6期733-737,共5页
The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) mediated by methyl (methoxycarbonothioyl) sulfanyl acetate (MMSA) was carried out. The results sho... The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) mediated by methyl (methoxycarbonothioyl) sulfanyl acetate (MMSA) was carried out. The results showed that polymerizations initiated by AIBN and KPS proceeded in a controlled way. The RAFT miniemulsion polymerization of VAc initiated by KPS showed the shorter inhibition period, higher propagation rate coefficient and final conversion than those in experiment initiated by AIBN. When the monomer conversion reached 25%, the polydispersity index (PDI) of polymer became broad, which was related to chain transfer reaction in RAFT miniemulsion of VAc. 展开更多
关键词 Xinyl acetate XANTHATE reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer MINIEMULSION
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Synthesis of polystyrene-styrene/butadiene diblock copolymers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer miniemulsion polymerization 被引量:3
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作者 Zhen Xi Wang Qing Hua Zhang +3 位作者 Yi Tao Yu Xiao Li Zhan Feng Qiu Chen Ji Hai Xiong 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第12期1497-1500,共4页
Polystyrene-styrene/butadiene diblock copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization.During the polymerization process,the molecular weight distri... Polystyrene-styrene/butadiene diblock copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization.During the polymerization process,the molecular weight distribution was narrow and the numerical molecular weight of the copolymers increased with increasing conversion of monomers,which was close to the theoretical.FT-IR and ^1H NMR results indicated that the microstructure of the polymer was mainly 1,4-trans-butadiene with small amount of 1,2-units,and composition in the copolymers was obtained. 展开更多
关键词 reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer Polystyrene-styrene/butadiene diblock copolymers Miniemulsion polymerization
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Evaluation of the clenbuterol imprinted monolithic column prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization 被引量:2
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作者 Mamat Turson Xiao Lei Zhuang +2 位作者 Hui Na Liu Ping Jiang Xiang Chao Dong 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第9期1136-1140,共5页
To make more homogenous organic monolithic structure, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process was employed in the synthesis of the clenbuterol imprinted polymer. In the synthesis, the influen... To make more homogenous organic monolithic structure, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process was employed in the synthesis of the clenbuterol imprinted polymer. In the synthesis, the influence of synthetic conditions on the polymer structure and separation efficiency was studied. The result demonstrated that the imprinted columns prepared with RAFT process have higher column efficiency and selectivity than the columns prepared with conventional polymerization in the present study, which may result from the higher surface area, smaller pore size and the narrower globule size distribution in their structures. The result indicated that RAFT polymerization provided better conditions for the clenbuterol imprinted monolithic polymer preparation. 2009 Xiang Chao Dong. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved. 展开更多
关键词 reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization Monolithic column Molecularly imprinted polymer CLENBUTEROL
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Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer graft polymerization of acrylonitrile onto PE/PET composite fiber initiated by γ-irradiation 被引量:2
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作者 马垚 虞鸣 +3 位作者 李林繁 马红娟 王自强 李景烨 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第2期32-37,共6页
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) mediated grafting of acrylonitrile onto Polyethylene/Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PE/PET) composite fibers was performed using γ-irradiation as the initial sourc... Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) mediated grafting of acrylonitrile onto Polyethylene/Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PE/PET) composite fibers was performed using γ-irradiation as the initial source at ambient temperature. Different initial concentrations of 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzonate were used as the chain transfer agent. The kinetics of graft polymerization is in accordance with the living RAFT polymerization. The successful grafting of acrylonitrile is proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis.The results of monofilament tensile test show that mechanical properties of the fibers change slightly after grafting. Scanning electronic microscopy images of the fibers show that the surface of RAFT grafted fibers is smoother than that of fibers grafted conventionally. 展开更多
关键词 RAFT聚合 复合纤维 接枝聚合 链转移剂 PET 丙烯腈 傅里叶变换红外光谱分析 加成
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Reverse Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of (-)-Menthyl Methacrylate 被引量:1
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作者 Yong An +3 位作者 XU Hong XUE 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第3期245-246,共2页
The reverse atom transfer radical polymerization(RATRP) of (-)-menthyl methacrylate ((-)-MnMA) with AIBN(AIBN/CuCl2/bipyridine(bipy) or (-)sparteine((-)Sp) =1/2/4) initiating system in THF has been studied. The depen... The reverse atom transfer radical polymerization(RATRP) of (-)-menthyl methacrylate ((-)-MnMA) with AIBN(AIBN/CuCl2/bipyridine(bipy) or (-)sparteine((-)Sp) =1/2/4) initiating system in THF has been studied. The dependence of the specific rotation on molecular weight was investigated. 展开更多
关键词 reverse atom transfer radical polymerization menthyl methacrylate specific rotation.
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A thermal actuated switchable dry adhesive with high reversibility for transfer printing 被引量:4
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作者 Shun Zhang Hongyu Luo +4 位作者 Suhao Wang Zhou Chen Shuang Nie Changying Liu Jizhou Song 《International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing》 EI 2021年第3期74-82,共9页
Transfer printing based on switchable adhesive that heterogeneously integrates materials is essential to develop novel electronic systems,such as flexible electronics and micro LED displays.Here,we report a robust des... Transfer printing based on switchable adhesive that heterogeneously integrates materials is essential to develop novel electronic systems,such as flexible electronics and micro LED displays.Here,we report a robust design of a thermal actuated switchable dry adhesive,which features a stiff sphere embedded in a thermally responsive shape memory polymer(SMP)substrate and encapsulated by an elastomeric membrane.This construct bypasses the unfavorable micro-and nano-fabrication processes and yields an adhesion switchability of over1000 by combining the peel-rate dependent effect of the elastomeric membrane and the thermal actuation of the sub-surface embedded stiff sphere.Experimental and numerical studies reveal the underlying thermal actuated mechanism and provide insights into the design and operation of the switchable adhesive.Demonstrations of this concept in stamps for transfer printing of fragile objects,such as silicon wafers,silicon chips,and inorganic micro-LED chips,onto challenging non-adhesive surfaces illustrate its potential in heterogeneous material integration applications,such as flexible electronics manufacturing and deterministic assembly. 展开更多
关键词 switchable adhesive reversible adhesive transfer printing flexible electronics
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基于谐波通讯的无线电能与反向信号同步传输技术
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作者 夏晨阳 鄢家安 +5 位作者 任刚 杨子健 刘云海 鲁扬 廖志娟 李卫龙 《中国电机工程学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第13期5297-5307,I0023,共12页
针对现有无线电能与反向信号同步传输(simultaneous wireless power and reverse signal transmission,SWPRST)系统存在较大无功功率、负载电压易受信号传输发生波动或需要额外增加高频信号源等问题,提出一种基于谐波通讯的SWPRST技术,... 针对现有无线电能与反向信号同步传输(simultaneous wireless power and reverse signal transmission,SWPRST)系统存在较大无功功率、负载电压易受信号传输发生波动或需要额外增加高频信号源等问题,提出一种基于谐波通讯的SWPRST技术,通过利用逆变器输出方波电压中的基波分量传输电能,三次谐波分量传输信号。不需要外加高频信号发射电路,实现了可靠的电能与反向信号同步传输。首先,给出基于谐波通讯的SWPRST系统结构,对其工作模式和基本原理进行分析;接着,建立系统等效数学模型,分析系统参数取值对信号与电能传输之间的互扰影响;然后,对信号的调制解调电路进行设计,分析信号检测通道参数对信号传输速率的影响;最后,搭建实验平台对理论分析进行验证,实验结果表明,该方法在有效实现了无线电能与反向信号同步传输的同时,信号无误码率传输速率可达5 kbps,同时系统具有无功小,输出负载电压几乎无波动(电压波动率0.33%)等优点。该方法采用谐波作为信号载体,为多频利用式实现电能与反向信号同步传输系统提供一种新的思路,具有较好的理论意义与实际工程应用价值。 展开更多
关键词 无线电能传输 谐波 反向信号 稳压输出 无线电能与信号同步传输
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Unlocking the potential of thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane performance:Insights from mass transfer modeling 被引量:1
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作者 Kexin Yuan Yulei Liu +9 位作者 Haoran Feng Yi Liu Jun Cheng Beiyang Luo Qinglian Wu Xinyu Zhang Ying Wang Xian Bao Wanqian Guo Jun Ma 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期66-76,共11页
Thin-film composite(TFC)reverse osmosis(RO)membranes have attracted considerable attention in water treatment and desalination processes due to their specific separation advantages.Nevertheless,the trade-off effect be... Thin-film composite(TFC)reverse osmosis(RO)membranes have attracted considerable attention in water treatment and desalination processes due to their specific separation advantages.Nevertheless,the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection poses huge challenges to further improvement in TFC RO membrane performance.Numerous research works have been dedicated to optimizing membrane fabrication and modification for addressing this issue.In the meantime,several reviews summarized these approaches.However,the existing reviews seldom analyzed these methods from a theoretical perspective and thus failed to offer effective optimization directions for the RO process from the root cause.In this review,we first propose a mass transfer model to facilitate a better understanding of the entire process of how water and solute permeate through RO membranes in detail,namely the migration process outside the membrane,the dissolution process on the membrane surface,and the diffusion process within the membrane.Thereafter,the water and salt mass transfer behaviors obtained from model deduction are comprehensively analyzed to provide potential guidelines for alleviating the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection in the RO process.Finally,inspired by the theoretical analysis and the accurate identification of existing bottlenecks,several promising strategies for both regulating RO membranes and optimizing operational conditions are proposed to further exploit the potential of RO membrane performance.This review is expected to guide the development of high-performance RO membranes from a mass transfer theory standpoint. 展开更多
关键词 reverse osmosis Mass transfer model Trade-off effect Membrane performance Optimization strategies
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聚羧酸保坍剂分子序列结构对其性能的影响
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作者 陈露 李申桐 +4 位作者 杨勇 周栋梁 张志勇 胡聪 张铭洋 《新型建筑材料》 2024年第6期114-118,共5页
通过普通自由基聚合合成侧链密度不同的无规序列结构聚羧酸保坍剂PCE-1、PCE-2;通过可逆加成-碎裂链转移聚合(RAFT)合成侧链在主链上分布形式分别为“外密内疏”和“外疏内密”梯度序列结构的聚羧酸保坍剂PCE-3、PCE-4。通过凝胶渗透色... 通过普通自由基聚合合成侧链密度不同的无规序列结构聚羧酸保坍剂PCE-1、PCE-2;通过可逆加成-碎裂链转移聚合(RAFT)合成侧链在主链上分布形式分别为“外密内疏”和“外疏内密”梯度序列结构的聚羧酸保坍剂PCE-3、PCE-4。通过凝胶渗透色谱仪(GPC)测试证明PCE-3、PCE-4的分子质量与转化率呈线性关系,符合“活性”聚合特征。净浆和混凝土试验发现,各减水剂分散性能排序为PCE-4<PCE-1<PCE-2<PCE-3,即“外密内疏”的序列结构最适合发挥PCE的分散性,而“外疏内密”不适合作为PCE的结构。含蒙脱土的净浆试验表明,具有“紧密”侧链序列的PCE-1、PCE-3有着更好的抗泥效果。吸附试验表明,吸附能力排序为PCE-4<PCE-3<PCE-1≈PCE-2。 展开更多
关键词 聚羧酸 可逆加成-碎裂链转移聚合 梯度 分散性能
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Aggregation-induced emission polymers via reversible-deactivation radical polymerization Special Collection:Distinguished Australian Researchers
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作者 Nicholas Kai Shiang Teo Bo Fan +1 位作者 Aditya Ardana San H.Thang 《Aggregate》 EI CAS 2024年第1期16-46,共31页
Aggregation-induced emission(AIE)is a unique phenomenon whereby aggregation of molecules induces fluorescence emission as opposed to the more commonly known aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ).AIE has the potential to b... Aggregation-induced emission(AIE)is a unique phenomenon whereby aggregation of molecules induces fluorescence emission as opposed to the more commonly known aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ).AIE has the potential to be utilized in the large-scale production of AIE-active polymeric materials because of their wide range of practical applications such as stimuli-responsive sensors,biological imaging agents,and drug delivery systems.This is evident from the increasing number of publications over the years since AIE was first discovered.In addition,the evergrowing interest in this field has led many researchers around the world to develop new and creative methods in the design of monomers,initiators and crosslinkers,with the goal of broadening the scope and utility of AIE polymers.One of the most promising approaches to the design and synthesis of AIE polymers is the use of the reversible-deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP)techniques,which enabled the production of well-controlled AIE materials that are often difficult to achieve by other methods.In this review,a summary of some recent works that utilize RDRP for AIE polymer design and synthesis is presented,including(i)the design of AIE-related monomers,initiators/crosslinkers;the achievements in preparation of AIE polymers using(ii)reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)technique;(iii)atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)technique;(iv)other techniques such as Cu(0)-RDRP technique and nitroxide-mediated polymerization(NMP)technique;(v)the possible applications of these AIE polymers,and finally(vi)a summary/perspective and the future direction of AIE polymers. 展开更多
关键词 aggregation-induced emission atom transfer radical polymerization nitroxide-mediated polymerization reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer reversible-deactivation radical polymerization
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基于光引发可逆加成断裂链转移自由基聚合的3D打印
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作者 李佳佳 张翔俣 +2 位作者 袁智涵 钱正阳 朱健 《大学化学》 CAS 2024年第5期11-19,共9页
针对高分子化学本科教学中“活性自由基聚合”知识点抽象,学生难以理解的教学难题,开展了光引发可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)自由基聚合3D打印实验。实验首先合成O-(乙基)-S-(2-丙酸乙酯基)黄原酸酯(EXEP),随后使用商用光敏树脂,进行添加/... 针对高分子化学本科教学中“活性自由基聚合”知识点抽象,学生难以理解的教学难题,开展了光引发可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)自由基聚合3D打印实验。实验首先合成O-(乙基)-S-(2-丙酸乙酯基)黄原酸酯(EXEP),随后使用商用光敏树脂,进行添加/不添加EXEP条件下的3D打印。随后使用得到的打印体开展荧光功能后修饰与焊接对比实验。通过对比实验现象,深入理解活性自由基聚合机理及其对产物后功能化能力的影响,实现“活性自由基聚合”原理的“可视化”和实例化应用展示。本实验将基础理论有机融合到趣味实验中,实验耗时合理,操作简便,效果明显,符合本科教学实验基本要求,有助于提升学生综合分析能力,激发学生深入研究的兴趣,培养其创新意识及拓展延伸的能力。 展开更多
关键词 活性自由基聚合 可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT) 3D打印 数字光处理技术(DLP)
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接受不同抗逆转录病毒治疗方案的HIV感染者血浆中可溶性炎症标志物水平差异研究
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作者 李义福 苏乙花 苏民 《中国性科学》 2024年第3期131-135,共5页
目的探究接受不同抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)方案的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者血浆中可溶性炎症标志物表达水平的差异。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月于海南省中医院就诊的初诊HIV感染者100例,随机将患者分为非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI... 目的探究接受不同抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)方案的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者血浆中可溶性炎症标志物表达水平的差异。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月于海南省中医院就诊的初诊HIV感染者100例,随机将患者分为非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI)组和整合酶链转移抑制剂(INSTI)组,各50例。所有患者基础用药为恩曲他滨替诺福韦片,NNRTI组患者联用依非韦伦片,INSTI组患者联用拉替拉韦钾片。分别于治疗前及治疗6个月后随访,比较两组患者血生化指标、T细胞计数、病毒学指标、炎性细胞因子表达。结果治疗6个月后两组患者血生化指标、T细胞计数、病毒学指标及血浆炎性细胞因子表达水平较治疗前均有显著差异(P<0.05),且INSTI组患者各项指标改变更显著(P<0.05)。结论相比NNRTI,应用INSTI更有助于降低HIV感染者全身炎症水平,且药物抑制病毒效果显著。 展开更多
关键词 人类免疫缺陷病毒 抗逆转录病毒治疗 非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂 整合酶链转移抑制剂 炎性细胞因子
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巨大肩袖损伤的临床治疗新进展
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作者 徐晖 姜熙平 +1 位作者 胡庆翔 何耀华 《外科研究与新技术》 2024年第1期1-6,F0002,共7页
肩袖损伤是肩部常见疾病,尤其在运动员和中老年人中更为普遍。随着人口老龄化趋势加快,肩袖损伤患者数量呈增长态势。对于巨大肩袖损伤,其手术后再次撕裂的风险较高,预后较差,这对临床而言是一项重要挑战。近年来,针对巨大肩袖损伤的手... 肩袖损伤是肩部常见疾病,尤其在运动员和中老年人中更为普遍。随着人口老龄化趋势加快,肩袖损伤患者数量呈增长态势。对于巨大肩袖损伤,其手术后再次撕裂的风险较高,预后较差,这对临床而言是一项重要挑战。近年来,针对巨大肩袖损伤的手术技术不断创新,包括上关节囊重建术、肩峰下球囊技术、肌腱转位术和反向肩关节置换术等。本文总结了巨大肩袖损伤对肩关节生物力学的影响,并关注了最新的治疗进展,以期为临床治疗提供新的参考依据。 展开更多
关键词 巨大肩袖损伤 上关节囊重建术 肩峰下球囊技术 肌腱转位术 反向肩关节置换术
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甲基丙烯酸甲酯可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合动力学研究
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作者 侯远赫 吴宇辉 +3 位作者 牟悦 孙辉 张家龙 刘振 《石油化工》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第11期1576-1586,共11页
通过可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)溶液聚合制得一系列分子量可控、分子量分布窄的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),考察了反应条件对聚合速率、PMMA分子量及其分布的影响。实验结果表明,溶剂质量、聚合温度和引发剂浓度是影响聚合速率的主要因素,... 通过可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)溶液聚合制得一系列分子量可控、分子量分布窄的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),考察了反应条件对聚合速率、PMMA分子量及其分布的影响。实验结果表明,溶剂质量、聚合温度和引发剂浓度是影响聚合速率的主要因素,而RAFT试剂浓度和结构可调控PMMA的分子量及其分布。对于甲基丙烯酸甲酯体系,密度泛函理论的计算结果表明,RAFT试剂“激活”过程的Gibbs自由能变(ΔG)是评估RAFT试剂对聚合物分子量分布控制效果的关键因素。ΔG越小,表明RAFT试剂越容易被“激活”,控制效果越好。提出了一种快速判断RAFT试剂可行性的理论计算依据,降低了RAFT试剂的实验开发成本。 展开更多
关键词 可逆加成-断裂链转移 溶液聚合 密度泛函理论 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯
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创造性解决问题的“TRIZ逆向”方法
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作者 Swen Gunther 《应用型高等教育研究》 2024年第1期44-50,共7页
TRIZ(俄语缩写)或TIPS(Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)是在理论界和实践中公认的一种创造性解决问题的方法。它通过系统化的方式解决(技术)冲突,从而推动产品或工艺的创新。德累斯顿应用科学大学的研究表明,该方法也可以反向使用... TRIZ(俄语缩写)或TIPS(Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)是在理论界和实践中公认的一种创造性解决问题的方法。它通过系统化的方式解决(技术)冲突,从而推动产品或工艺的创新。德累斯顿应用科学大学的研究表明,该方法也可以反向使用,称之为"TRIZReverse",即TRIZ逆向方法。详细阐释这两种方法,对于人才培养具有重要意义。 展开更多
关键词 TRIZ逆向 创造性地解决问题 逆向创造 技术转化
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电渗析在原水脱盐中的应用及COMSOL传质模型研究
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作者 韩新盛 何康丽 +3 位作者 杨宏娟 白鹭 孟红福 张任丽 《盐科学与化工》 CAS 2024年第11期41-44,47,共5页
电渗析脱盐技术(ED)在原水淡化、微咸水淡化、海水淡化、工业废水回收利用等方面具有一定的优势。文章通过结合电渗析和反渗透技术,设计制造了电渗析脱盐综合装置,为黄河水水源脱盐取得了较好的效果,并建立了传质过程的数学模型。
关键词 电渗析 原水 反渗透 脱盐 传质模型
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RAFT法制备羧甲基纤维素接枝丙烯酸酯共聚物
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作者 谯祖勤 周昌平 +1 位作者 司孝刚 陈思帆 《合成树脂及塑料》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第3期39-43,共5页
以溶解后改性的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)为大分子引发剂,S-1-十二烷基-S’-(α-α’-二甲基-α”-乙酸)三硫代碳酸酯为可逆加成断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)试剂,通过RAFT法制备了CMC接枝丙烯酸酯的新型接枝共聚物。为了进一步探索共聚物的成膜形态,... 以溶解后改性的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)为大分子引发剂,S-1-十二烷基-S’-(α-α’-二甲基-α”-乙酸)三硫代碳酸酯为可逆加成断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)试剂,通过RAFT法制备了CMC接枝丙烯酸酯的新型接枝共聚物。为了进一步探索共聚物的成膜形态,设计了不同反应时间、不同甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与丙烯酸丁酯(BA)配比的反应条件,合成了CMC接枝MMA嵌段BA聚合物(Cell-g-PMMA-b-PBA)。结果表明:在反应时间为24 h,MMA与BA体积比为6∶1的条件下,Cell-g-PMMA-b-PBA的成膜性能最好,热稳定性高。 展开更多
关键词 纤维素接枝共聚物 可逆加成断裂链转移聚合法 甲基丙烯酸甲酯 丙烯酸丁酯
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