Current research on alexithymia in elderly people in nursing institutions: a scoping review

To describe and analyze the research status of alexithymia in elderly people in nursing institutions,and summarizes the existing research results and shortcomings.The literature in PubMed,CochraneLibrary,Web of Science,EBSCO,Proquest,Scopus,Sinomed,CNKI,WanFang,VIP was computer searched,and the time frame was build to October 30,2023.A total of 15 articles were included,comprising 10 in Chinese and 5 in English.Among them,14 articles were cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence and influencing factors of communication disorders in elderly people residing in nursing homes.A total of three assessment tools were used.Additionally,three articles described preventive or intervention measures targeting alexithymia.Alexithymia has a high incidence and severity among elderly individuals in nursing institutions.Currently,there are only a few assessment tools available,and experimental studies are notably scarce.Future research should focus on enhancing the understanding of alexithymia in this population by developing and validating more comprehensive assessment tools,diversifying research methodologies,and conducting intervention studies that consider the various influencing factors.

Longitudinal Studies on Illness Perceptions in Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of longitudinal studies related to disease perception in cancer patients and to provide a reference for the improvement of disease perception in cancer patients.Methods:Using the scoping method,PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,Medline,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Chinese Scientific and Technical Journals Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched up to July 2023 for analysis and discussion of the included literature.Results:A total of 19 articles were included,distributed across 9 countries including China,the Netherlands,and the United Kingdom,with 8 articles published in China.The study subjects included patients with breast cancer,colorectal cancer,laryngeal cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer,and bladder cancer.The content covered dynamic changes in disease perception,the impact of disease perception,and the influencing factors of disease perception.Conclusion:The number of longitudinal studies on disease perception in cancer patients is gradually increasing and becoming more diverse.However,issues such as a small total number of studies,single research methods,and short observation periods persist.In the future,it is necessary to conduct in-depth longitudinal research on disease perception in cancer patients,expand the scope of research fields,and provide more comprehensive theories to guide clinical treatment and nursing practices,ultimately improving the treatment outcomes and quality of life for cancer patients.

Status and implications of scoping reviews in Chinese nursing research

This article examines the current status,research methodologies,and content of scoping review studies conducted by Chinese nursing scholars.Through comprehensive computer searches in nine Chinese and English databases,a total of 204 scoping review articles authored by Chinese nursing scholars were identified.The application of scoping reviews is still in its early developmental stages,with the number of studies increasing rapidly each year,primarily focusing on clinical nursing practice.While awareness of evidence-based practices among nursing researchers has improved,challenges related to research methodology and reporting quality persist.Therefore,nursing researchers should enhance their knowledge and strictly adhere to established reporting standards and methodological frameworks for scoping reviews to elevate the quality of nursing research.

Application of horticulture therapy as a health intervention for elderly people in nursing homes:a scoping review

Objective:To review the scope of interventional studies on horticultural therapy(HT)applied to elderly people in nursing institutions to support the efficient implementation of HT among this target group.Methods:In accordance with the scoping review framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI),the Pub Med,JSTOR,Web of Science,CNKI,and Wanfang databases were searched.Data from the retrieved literature were summarized and analyzed.Results:In all,18 studies were included in this review.The target population groups of interventions included self-supporting elderly people,cognitively impaired elderly people,elderly people with negative emotions,and elderly people with frailty living in nursing institutions.HT interventions,including planting,craft activities,derivative activities,and outdoor viewing activities,are implemented indoors,outdoors,or in mixed settings.The most common duration of the intervention was 8 weeks,the most common frequency was once per week,and the most common session duration was 60 min.Conclusions:The measurements used in HT interventions included assessments of physical,psycho-mental,and social health;quality of life;and activity effects.Future studies should include partially dependent groups and completely dependent groups of elderly individuals,interventions that last at least 6 months,scientifically designed activity intensity and safety-guarantee plans,and outcomeevaluation indicators such as compliance and intervention benefits.

Breast cancer awareness in reproductive women in the low-and middle-income countries:a scoping review

Objective:This study aimed to assess breast cancer(BC)awareness among reproductive women in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs),identify influencing factors,and propose feasible interventions or programs.Methods:We followed a 5-step process using a modified version of Arksey and O’Malley framework methodology.A comprehensive search was conducted on the Embase,PubMed,and CINAHL electronic databases for literature published within 10 years(from 2012 to 2022).Results:Thirty-three papers published between 2012 and 2020,spanning 18 countries,were included.Of these,45.6%described a good level of knowledge,while 24.2%reported that women at reproductive ages had good awareness.Twelve influencing factors were identified in 3 categories:socio-demographic(family history,personal history,marital status,age,religion,income status,living place,and occupation),personal(self-efficacy,education,and perceived level),and external(advertisements promoting awareness).Educational programs were recommended in most(>72%)of the included studies.Conclusions:While most studies reported high levels of knowledge and awareness,some found low prevalence among certain groups.Factors affecting knowledge and awareness were classified into socio-demographic,personal,and external categories,with socio-demographic factors such as age,education,income,and marital status being the most frequently cited.The studies recommended implementing educational programs,health prevention strategies,and social interventions to increase BC knowledge and awareness.

Improving transitional care after acute myocardial infarction:A scoping review

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality,posing a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide.Transitional care interventions,which ensure coordination and continuity of care as patients move between different levels of healthcare,have been shown to reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization and improve patient outcomes.While much attention has been given to transitional care in heart failure,this review aims to map the interventions implemented for patients following an acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)methodology,with literature searches performed in the Cochrane,CINAHL,MEDLINE,JBI,and SciELO databases,focusing on publications from 2013 onwards in both Portuguese and English.Seventy-five studies were included,with most combining multiple interventions that contributed to improved cardiovascular health outcomes,including increased adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors,enhanced medication compliance,and better healthcare self-management.These interventions were effective in reducing cardiovascular-related Emergency Department visits,unplanned 30-day readmissions,and mortality following a first-time myocardial infarction.Key strategies identified included discharge planning,digital health solutions,outpatient care,and healthcare coordination.The findings of this review underscore the need for developing methodologies that enhance the transition of care from hospital to primary care following an AMI.There is an urgent need to design and implement new healthcare programs that integrate discharge interventions,digital health,outpatient care,and healthcare coordination to ensure continuity of care and optimize patient outcomes post-discharge.

Coping review of dementia fear studies among middle-aged and elderly people in the community

This study used Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology as a framework and searched the following databases:PubMed,Embase,EBSCO,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database.The database is open to December 20,2023,and documents related to the fear of dementia among the elderly in the community are described and analyzed to provide a reference for future research in this field.At the same time,we screened,extracted,and summarized relevant information from 21 included documents(16 in English and 5 in Chinese),which consisted of 16 cross-sectional studies,2 quasi-experimental studies,2 randomized controlled studies,and 1 longitudinal study.Sixteen of the included documents mentioned the incidence or level of dementia fear among the elderly in the community,2 addressed the adverse effects of dementia fear,and 4 reported prevention and intervention measures for dementia fear.In total,there are 8 assessment tools,and the influencing factors are categorized into sociodemographic characteristics,psychological and behavioral characteristics,sociocultural background factors,and health and dementia-related factors.The final conclusion is that the fear of dementia is common among the elderly in the community.In the future,the application of research tools should be expanded among middle-aged individuals,with considerations for other types of dementia in mind.It is recommended to conduct large-scale,multi-center randomized controlled trials while confirming the intervention’s effect on different types of middle-aged and elderly individuals,focusing on the long-term impact of these intervention measures to promote healthy aging.

A study of death education for nursing students:scoping review

This study aimed to research existing death education literature,explore its necessity,forms,and impacts,and provide references for regions lacking it,by conducting a scoping review of 18 documents from 10 databases,finding high demand among nursing students and positive effects of various teaching strategies,concluding that death education is necessary and future research should focus on enhancing evaluation timeliness and standardizing criteria to develop a complete system.

以患者为中心的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者参与医疗质量改进的实施现状:一项范围综述

背景以患者为中心的医疗质量改进中,将患者从医疗服务的接受者转变为合作者,将患者在医疗全流程中的体验和需求整合到医疗服务实践中,以提高医疗服务的有效性、效率和质量。然而,已被证明有效的以患者为中心的患者参与医疗质量改进策略在我国慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)领域中如何实施尚有待探索。目的对国内外慢阻肺患者参与医疗质量改进策略的实施现状进行范围综述,旨在为构建适合我国环境的慢阻肺患者参与实施策略提供参考。方法采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所的范围综述指南为方法学框架,计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台和中华医学期刊全文数据库,检索时限为建库至2022-11-29。采用主题分析法梳理慢阻肺患者参与的实施现状。结果共纳入37篇文献。根据参与类别分为患者参与直接的诊疗过程、患者参与组织层面的设计与管理及患者参与临床研究三类。根据参与程度分为咨询、参与和合作领导三层。参与程度与类别交叉为9类参与行为矩阵。慢阻肺患者参与实施主要体现在5类8项行为:包括患者参与直接的诊疗过程(患者对治疗计划提出意愿和偏好);患者参与组织管理层面的咨询(调查了解患者治疗体验、组织患者讨论其关注的问题)和参与(参与医疗质量改进工具开发);以及患者参与临床研究层面的咨询(倾听患者需求)和参与(对干预措施提出意愿和偏好、参与评估工具开发、参与研究设计与实施讨论)。调查了解患者治疗体验(10/37,27.03%)及收集患者对研究干预措施的意愿和偏好(10/37,27.03%)是实施较多的两类慢阻肺患者参与行为。结论患者参与医疗质量改进的行为措施较多,但在慢阻肺领域落地实践的尚较少,且极少见患者参与对临床结局及生活质量的改善评估,如何促进我国乃至全球慢阻肺患者参与医疗质量改进的实施仍有待进一步探索。

Scoping Review撰写方法简介

介绍撰写Scoping review的步骤及注意问题,以期为Scoping review撰写者提供借鉴和参考。

肺癌化疗患者症状群研究的范围综述

目的对肺癌患者化疗期间症状群的研究进行范围综述。方法以乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI)范围综述指南为方法学框架,系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年8月8日。结果共纳入24篇文献,提取35个症状群,症状群随着化疗周期动态变化,心理症状群存在整个化疗周期但组成不稳定;症状群评估工具较多但工具选择存在差异,主要采用多症状评估工具;影响因素主要包括人口学特征、心理与社会支持及疾病相关因素3类。结论肺癌患者化疗期间存在多种症状群且动态变化,影响因素众多,未来需探索特异性的症状群评估工具,规范并统一症状群的命名及归属标准,优化症状群的识别方法,构建精准化、个体化的症状群管理方案。

Scoping Review作者研究能力与合作情况分析

目的:了解Scoping review的作者研究能力与合作情况,以期为Scoping review研究者开展相关研究提供借鉴和参考。方法:通过检索PubMed、EMBASE. com、Cochrane library数据库纳入Scoping review外文研究,采用BICOMS-2分析软件对期刊、发表时间、国家、城市和作者进行抽取和整理,并生成作者共现矩阵,利用NetDraw绘制网络关系图。结果:2 292篇Scoping review刊载在820种期刊上,研究数量呈逐年上升趋势,2 026名作者参与了研究的发表,90. 57%的作者只参与撰写1篇文献,发文量大于5篇的作者仅有3人,主要作者分为3个主要的研究团体,每个团体内部仅有2人,各团体之间没有合作。结论:缺乏长期发表Scoping review研究的期刊,研究数量呈逐渐增长的趋势;参与的作者较多,高产的作者极少,且作者之间的合作有待加强。

包含母乳的多感官刺激疗法在新生儿致痛性操作中应用的范围综述

目的:综述包含母乳的多感官刺激疗法(multi-sensory stimulation with breastmilk,MSSB)在新生儿致痛性操作中的应用情况。方法:系统检索中英文数据库,严格按照纳入及排除标准筛选文献,提取并归纳文献信息。结果:共纳入10篇文献,MSSB内容要素包括研究对象、操作类型、感官类型、各感官干预内容及方式、干预时长,结局指标主要为疼痛程度指标、疼痛相关生理指标和行为指标。结论:MSSB可有效减轻新生儿操作性疼痛,但应进一步改进和优化其方案内容,深化其在致痛性操作中应用的有效性。

丧亲儿童干预研究——基于Scoping Review的文献分析与评述

丧亲对于儿童是重大的创伤性事件,丧亲后的儿童将面临艰巨的适应性任务。那些丧亲后有适应困难的儿童,以及所有失去父母的儿童都会从某些有时间限制的干预措施中获益。本研究采用阿克西(Arksey)和奥马利(O’Malley)提出的Scoping Review文献范围综述方法和研究步骤,对国内3个中文电子数据库和国外5个英文电子数据库进行检索。经标准筛选提取后发现,国内丧亲儿童干预服务稀少,主要以个案和小组式干预为主,尚未形成和建立共享联动的服务机制,研究多采用个案研究法,缺乏科学、严谨的评估设计和工具,也没有长期追踪回访性研究;国外丧亲儿童干预经验丰富,以小组、营地和家庭预防式干预为主,服务时跨专业多团队合作,研究科学、规范,已经成为一个专业和审慎的干预领域。因此,未来国内丧亲儿童干预服务可以在现有干预经验基础上,将其纳入儿童福利服务体系,结合本土文化特性和社会工作的专业优势,促进有效服务机制的形成,预防性与治疗性干预策略相结合,循证为本,服务和帮助更多有需要的儿童。

双重任务训练应用于脑卒中病人平衡能力的范围综述

目的:综述双重任务训练应用于脑卒中病人平衡能力时的基本内容、干预时长和结局指标,为脑卒中病人进行双重任务训练提供参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中发表的有关双重任务训练应用于脑卒中病人平衡能力时的中、英文文献,检索时限为建库至2023年5月13日,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果:共纳入18篇文献,双重任务训练主要包括运动⁃运动双重任务训练、运动⁃认知双重任务训练、既包含运动⁃运动又包含认知的双重任务训练,主要运动训练内容较多为不同的平衡训练、行走训练等,次要运动训练内容较多为上肢的持物运动等,认知训练内容较多为数字减法、Stroop任务等。干预多为每周5次,总干预时间为3~8周,但较多为4周。主要以Berg平衡量表、10 m步行测试、双重任务消耗等为结局指标。双重任务训练有效地改善了脑卒中病人的平衡能力、行走能力及日常生活能力,提高其生活质量。结论:双重任务训练对脑卒中病人平衡能力有积极影响,未来可进行大样本、高质量的研究来验证不同干预时长的应用效果,以获得最优成本效益,同时寻找最佳训练内容的组合方式,形成双重任务训练干预内容规范。

脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧干预研究的范围综述

目的对脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的干预研究进行范围综述,为医护人员制定和实施相关干预提供参考。方法按照范围综述方法学,系统检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年12月20日,对检索文献进行筛选。结果共纳入28篇文献。脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的干预方案包括运动训练、虚拟现实技术辅助干预、认知训练、健康教育、机器人辅助训练,干预形式包括线下干预和线下线上结合干预,干预频率和时长根据干预内容和形式的不同存在差异,干预后患者跌倒恐惧心理有明显改善。结论目前国内外针对脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的干预方案内容和形式较为丰富,但我国针对脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的干预仍需进一步优化。未来可制定个性化的联合干预方案,深入探讨干预效果,促进患者早日康复。

照顾者负担评估工具的范围综述

目的:对国内外照顾者负担评估工具进行范围综述,为今后开展相关研究提供参考。方法:计算机系统检索9个中英文数据库中关于照顾者负担评估工具的研发和(或)验证的相关文献,检索时限为建库至2024年8月2日。结果:共纳入52篇文献,涉及32个照顾者负担评估工具,可分为普适性和特异性评估2种类型。结论:现有照顾者负担评估工具种类较多,不同评估工具的评价内容各有其特色。在未来的研究中,需进一步研发和完善适合我国国情的评估工具,加强照顾者负担本质的探索,提高评估工具的临床实用价值。

恶性肿瘤病人智谋研究的范围综述

目的:对恶性肿瘤病人智谋的相关文献进行范围审查,分析研究现状及影响因素。方法:以Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述方法学为指导,系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库等中英文数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年4月1日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献并提取相关信息,汇总分析结果。结果:共纳入文献31篇。结果显示,智谋的概念不一,智谋水平在不同癌症种类病人中存在差异;常用的评估工具包括智谋量表(RS)和自我控制量表(SCS);影响因素涉及社会人口学因素、疾病相关因素、生理因素、心理因素和社会支持5个方面。结论:后续研究需完善和明确智谋的概念,将灵性应对融入到癌症病人的智谋评估工具中,探索医患及家庭方面对智谋的影响,为准确评估癌症病人智谋水平以及丰富临床干预方案提供参考。

老年人心理健康素养影响因素的范围综述

目的:对老年人心理健康素养水平及其影响因素的研究进行范围综述,为老年人心理健康素养干预提供理论依据。方法:按范围综述方法学框架,以主题词和自由词相结合的方式检索the Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库等检索时限为建库至2023年4月20日。纳入有关老年人心理健康素养及其影响因素的观察性研究后,对纳入文献进行提取与分析,归纳与总结。结果:共检索文献1252篇,最终纳入8篇,共2482名老年人。涉及年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、经济条件、社会支持等19个影响因素,总结为人口学因素和环境因素两大类。结论:老年人心理健康素养水平偏低,影响老年人心理健康素养水平的主要因素为文化程度和居住地,次要因素为年龄、婚姻、经济条件、社会支持、社会网络规模,其他尚存在争议的影响因素未来有待进一步研究和探讨。

机器学习在老年健康管理中的应用范围综述

目的:对机器学习在老年健康管理中的应用进行范围综述,为机器学习在该领域的研究提供指导。方法:以乔安娜布里格斯研究所范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库中机器学习在老年健康管理领域中应用的相关研究,检索时限为建库至2023年1月16日。对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。结果:纳入27篇文献,涉及的主题包括健康风险评估、健康监测、健康费用管理等。算法类型包括决策树算法(DT)、朴素贝叶斯算法(NBM)、支持向量机算法(SVM)、神经网络算法(NN)、K-Means算法(KM)、强化学习(RL)等机器学习算法。结论:机器学习对老年健康管理中的健康监测、风险预警有效,未来研究可继续关注机器学习在老年健康领域实践转化与实践效果、数字安全与伦理等问题。