Revenue Sharing in Dairy Industry Supply Chain-A Case Study of Hohhot,China

Dairy industry has become an increasingly important enterprise in China as people＇s dietary preferences and composition have changed dramatically with rapid economic development in the past several decades.A number of problems,however,exist in China＇s relatively young dairy industry,including the imbalanced allocation of profits throughout the dairy supply chain.One of the root causes of the melamine infant powered milk scandal in 2008 was the unfair profit allocation mechanism in dairy supply chain.The revenue sharing contract approach has proven to be effective in generating market shares and total profits.In this study,we apply the three-stage revenue sharing contract model of Giannoccaro and Pontrandolfo（2004） in an analysis of dairy supply chain to explore its problems in profit allocation and possible solutions to them.The analysis was conducted by a case study of Hohhot,often called as ＂milk capital of China＂.Our results show that the current profit distribution in the dairy supply chain is not balanced：the supermarket＇s profitfarmer＇s profitmanufacturer＇s profit.Under the revenue sharing contract setting,the dairy industry＇s total profit increased by 12.49%.By exploring different parameters in the revenue sharing contract model,we have found that a win-win situation can be created among all the members of the supply chain.In dairy supply chain,the ratio of the revenue reserved for the supermarket itself is equal or greater than 47% and the ratio of the revenue reserved for the manufacturer itself is between 46.4 and 50.2%.The values of the parameters that generate a sustainable or win-win situation are related to the bargaining position in the dairy supply chain.The revenue sharing contract has proven to be effective and desirable by all the dairy chain partners in dairy supply chain.The results of this study provide relevant information for improving the dairy supply chain structure and the revenue sharing contract model can be applied to other industries,sectors and regions.

A Dairy Industry Information Cooperative Service System Based on a Production Process Ontology

Agricultural information cooperative services （AICS） are now becoming an important aspect of agriculture informatization. This study offers an ontological conception of the agricultural production process, establishing operational divisions corresponding to both the stages and the fundamental information requirements of the dairy industry production process in China, yielding a process ontology for the dairy industry as well as a business chain model. A framework for a dairy industry information cooperative service system was established, with service functions realized in a prototype system. The resulting agricultural process ontology built on the basis of biological characteristics has advantages as a classification standard for agricultural information; whereas the business chain model based on this agricultural process ontology allows for an effective distribution of agricultural information cooperative services. This study outlines a concept and demonstrates a prototype of a cooperative service capable of integrating diverse online agricultural information relevant to the dairy industry in China.

Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dairy industry: Lessons from China and the United States and policy implications

The purposes of this study are to assess the COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on the dairy industries in China and the United States and to derive policy recommendations for enhancing the diary industries’resilience to pandemics and other market shocks.Specifically,data from the two nations are used to analyze and compare the mechanisms through which the pandemic has affected their dairy industries and to discuss potential lessons from their experiences.The findings suggest that this pandemic has heavily affected the dairy industries in both China and the United States through similar mechanisms,such as decreased farmgate milk prices,disruption and difficulties of moving milk within the supply chains,worker shortages,increased production costs,and lack of operating capital.There were also significant differences in the affecting mechanisms between the two nations,including transportation difficulties from widespread road closures and significant reduction in holiday sales of dairy products in China,and the shutdown of many dairy processors in the United States due to the closing of schools,restaurants,and hotels.While government financial reliefs are highly needed to help many dairy farms and processors survive this pandemic in the short term,the dairy industries and governments need to work together to develop long-term strategies and policies to balance the industries’efficiency and flexibility,product specialization and diversification,supply chain integration and local food systems,and market mechanisms and policy regulations and interventions.

Study on the circular economy of dairy industry in Hohhot, China

On August 8, 2005. Hohhot was awarded the title of ＂Chinese Dairy Capital＂. Now dairy industry is one of the pillar industries in Hohhot, with strong driving effect to the development of social economy. However; the sustainable development of dairy industry in Hohhot is threatened by rapid scale expansion and restriction of environmental supporting capacity, In accord with the ideas and requirements of the circular economy theory, this paper analyzes dairy industry pattern from two aspects and establishes the industry system. The dairy industry mainly consists of cow breeding and dairy process. The circular economy mnst set about from the two aspects. For the most part, dairy processing should start from the two most key links, namely packing and water using.

Solar Thermal Application for the Dairy Industry in Taiwan

Taiwan has been developing clean energy and solar heating for hot water production is a mature technology. The subsidy program (2000-2016) for solar water heaters means that the cumulative area of solar collectors installed was approximately 2.52 million square meters at the end of 2016, in which more than 93% have been installed in the domestic sector. Industrial heat processes represent an area for solar thermal application. This study presents field measurements for solar water heaters installed for sterilization in dairy industry. Global solar radiation can be correlated with the system’s thermal efficiency reasonably well. As a pre-heating system, financial viability is validated.

Realization Path of High-quality Development of Dairy Industry in Henan Province in the New Period

On the basis of objectively understanding the reality and existing problems of dairy industry development in Henan, according to the new development concept and the goal of high-quality development of animal husbandry, combined with the reality of Henan Province, this paper puts forward the realization path from the aspects of establishing new development concept, paying attention to innovation drive, perfecting support system, improving organization degree and strengthening policy support, which provides a useful reference for the high-quality development of dairy industry in Henan Province.

Countermeasures to Achieve High-quality Development of Dairy Industry in Xinjiang:A Case Study of Tianrun Dairy Industry

As a high-quality milk source base in China,Xinjiang has an innate foundation for the development of modern high-quality milk industry.In this paper,it was pointed out that the uneven distribution of interests between the upstream and downstream of the industry was the influencing factor restricting the development of modern dairy industry in Xinjiang.At the same time,the related information of Tianrun Group,which was the leading enterprise in Xinjiang,was analyzed.According to analysis,it was found that through the construction and development of large-scale,standardized and modern milk source base,balance of the upstream and downstream interests,improvement of the combination system of planting and breeding,the added value of products was enhanced and the anti risk ability of enterprises was increased.In addition,it was also pointed out that under the leadership of leading enterprises,Xinjiang would embark on the development road of modern high-quality milk industry with circular economy,resource-saving,environment-friendly,quality and efficiency,operation-saving,independent innovation and industrial integration in the future.

中国乳制品加工业集聚水平与空间集聚演化特征研究

借助区位熵指数、空间自相关模型、标准差椭圆等方法分析2014~2021年我国乳制品加工业空间集聚特征、空间依赖性与动态演化特征。结果表明,我国乳制品加工业呈现相对平稳的集聚态势,产业布局呈现出与原料奶基地的布局相衔接的合理布局;新型冠状病毒感染疫情降低了乳制品行业集聚程度,但隔离政策的取消和行业振兴计划的提出减缓了这种下降趋势;我国乳制品加工业在空间上形成以晋鲁豫为核心的一体化发展格局,尽管内蒙古、黑龙江、宁夏的乳制品加工业集聚态势显著,却未对相邻省份形成有效辐射带动作用;整体空间分布格局以“东北-西南”方向为主导,产业重心呈现向西移动趋势,空间溢出效应有减弱趋势。

新时期陕西省奶牛高质量发展的思路和建议

奶牛产业是“十四五”期间陕西省畜牧业发展的重点产业,也是实现乡村振兴的支柱产业。要实现奶牛产业的高质量发展,就必须破解产业发展中存在的问题。本文在充分调研的基础上,围绕陕西奶牛养殖现状、发展的优势与不足进行思考分析,提出针对性建议,以期对陕西奶牛产业高质量发展提供参考及指导。

中国奶业发展的现实困境、重大问题与对策思路

2023年,中国奶业产业产出快速增长与需求动力不足的矛盾更加突出,价格快速下降与成本居高不下的冲突导致行业面临十多年来最困难局面。在此困境下,中国奶业还面临四个方面重要问题:产业发展面临两个不平衡,产业脆弱性加剧;奶业产业发展与其民生属性有较大差距;资本化超大规模养殖的发展模式不利于国家战略目标的落实;产业政策体系建设有待强化。困难局面与发展不平衡等结构问题表明中国奶业已到了调整发展方向、发展模式的关键时期,调整的核心应该是以发挥民生属性为根本落脚点推动奶业振兴,提升消费者福利、奶牛养殖业的基础性地位和家庭牧场的主体地位;进一步强化国家战略与目标的指导作用,提升奶业在保障重要农产品供给安全、落实绿色发展理念中的作用。

我国奶业发展研究的现状、热点及趋势——基于中国知网数据库(CNKI)的CiteSpace可视化分析

[目的]围绕我国奶业发展进行文献计量和可视化分析,探讨我国奶业发展研究的现状、热点和趋势,为我国奶业发展提供数据支持。[方法]以中国知网数据库(CNKI)为数据来源,检索1992—2023年我国奶业发展研究领域的期刊文献,利用可视化分析工具CiteSpace绘制奶业发展研究领域的知识图谱,结合文献计量学方法分析该领域的研究现状、热点以及主题演变。[结果]根据设置的检索条件,共纳入739篇期刊文献,年度发文量以2002年最多,达到60篇;发文数量排名前三位的作者是刘玉满(17篇)、李胜利(15篇)、刘芳(15篇),排名前三位的机构是中国社会科学院农村发展研究所(19篇)、中国农业科学院农业信息研究所(18篇)、东北农业大学经济管理学院(17篇);奶业研究领域已经形成了相对严密、成熟的合作关系网络,中国农业科学院农业信息研究所、中国农业大学动物科技学院、中国社会科学院农村发展研究所、中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所的合作密度较高,相互之间的联系较多;奶业、奶业发展等是该领域的研究热点;“奶业发展”“奶源基地”“乳品厂”“奶牛业”“产奶量”等关键词出现时间较早,而最近则出现了“低碳发展”“规制理路”“智能养殖”等关键词。[结论]奶业发展这一主题的研究热点呈动态变化,研究作者及机构之间的合作密度较高,合作网络在分布上存在区域异质性,低碳发展、智能养殖等可能是未来研究的重点方向。

产教融合背景下乳制品检测技术课程活页式教材开发

为改变职业教育传统教材的弊端,校企合作组建教材开发团队,设计学习情境,创新教材编写体例,开发乳制品检测技术课程活页式教材。活页式教材以二维码形式融入了国家和行业标准、微课视频、教学PPT,建构了学习领域和典型工作任务的课程开发模式,确定了活页式教材的开发流程和详细步骤,优选了教材内容,突显了教材立体化、信息化特色,可为其他课程活页式教材的编写提供理论及实践参考。

供应链金融支持下的保定市乳制品产业发展

发展供应链金融是解决中小型企业融资难的有效工具。以保定市乳制品产业为研究对象,运用模糊模式识别模型和不确定层次分析法,构建保定市乳制品产业供应链金融风险评价体系,对供应链金融介入下的保定市乳制品产业发展进行可行性分析。结果表明:保定市乳制品产业供应链向量与金融风险等级的贴近度为0.615,说明保定市乳制品产业供应链金融风险为低风险,可以提供金融服务。提出持续发挥企业引领作用、健全相关法律法规、建立电子商务平台等对策建议,以促进保定市乳制品产业的健康发展。

奶业社会化服务水平评价指标体系构建及其障碍度研究

奶业社会化服务对促进奶业高质量发展具有重要意义,但对其评价指标体系以及发展障碍的研究相对不足,不利于把握其在各地的发展现状与方向,其对奶业高质量发展的促进作用因此受限。文章从饲养、繁育改良、防疫治病等7个方面选取21项指标构建了奶业社会化服务评价指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS模型、障碍度模型对2011—2020年我国奶制品十大主产区的奶业社会化服务发展水平的时空演变特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:在奶业社会化服务发展水平层面,山东表现突出,黑龙江、内蒙古等地服务发展水平与奶业产出水平失衡,服务发展水平在地理分布上具有东部地区普遍优于西部地区的特点。在影响因素层面,来自繁育改良服务、供给主体规模等子系统的影响较为显著,尤其是子系统中种畜拥有量、生鲜乳冷藏服务水平、奶牛养殖龙头企业数等指标平均障碍度较高,影响较大。该评价指标体系的建立与障碍度的测算具有重要意义,将有助于早日建立高效且广泛覆盖的奶业社会化服务体系,推进奶业振兴。

2023年奶业形势回顾与展望

西方奶业发达国家过去3年牛奶产量没有因奶价的上涨出现大幅上涨,这反映了其奶业产业更为成熟,为中国奶源的发展腾出了部分空间。2019—2023年,中国奶类生产的年复合增长率达到了7%,远远超过近15年来4%的奶类平均消费增速,造成了2023年奶源供给过剩,奶牛养殖大面积亏损,“奶牛周期”波动特征显著。预期产业调整期仍将持续2年左右,奶源基地内部产业结构持续调整,中小奶牛场首当其冲,需要行业给予密切关注和同心协力共渡难关;中长期看,规模奶牛场每年新增10~15万头存栏,即可以满足中国牛奶消费增长需求。在短期调整期,养殖场可压缩奶牛产能、优化牛群结构、推动种养结合、优化乳制品加工结构等方面发力,推动产业稳定发展。

基于因子分析法的乳产品行业财务绩效研究

随着经济全球化的发展和国民收入的提高,消费者对乳产品的需求量越来越大,对品质的要求也更严格,同时在我国对乳产品市场的准入加以严格管制下,乳产品行业面临营养化、健康化的消费升级现状。文章以我国23家乳产品上市公司为研究样本,选择12个能体现企业经营业绩和竞争力的代表性指标,运用因子分析方法,对乳产品行业的财务绩效进行评估并进行综合竞争力排序,探索其影响要素,并提出提高我国乳产品企业财务绩效的对策。

埃塞俄比亚奶牛与肉牛产业发展现状及前景

埃塞俄比亚的奶牛和肉牛产业在该国农业中扮演着不可或缺的角色,对于确保该国食品安全、增加就业机会以及推动经济增长具有重要意义。本文着重探讨了埃塞俄比亚奶牛和肉牛产业的现状,主要关注了品种多样性、乳肉制品产量水平以及进出口情况等要素。埃塞俄比亚奶牛和肉牛产业正面临着一系列挑战,其中包括本地品种生产力不足、基础设施和供应链不完善、市场营销体系效果欠佳,以及气候极端性风险。本文提出了解决这些挑战的干预策略,并展望了奶牛和肉牛产业未来的发展前景。此外,还建议调整政策,增加政府支持力度。总之,本文为了解埃塞俄比亚奶牛和肉牛产业的发展动态提供了宝贵见解,为政策制定者、发展实践者、国际合作者和其他利益相关者提供一定指导并促进该产业的可持续发展。通过解决现有的挑战并利用新兴的机会,埃塞俄比亚奶牛和肉牛产业将实现繁荣,为该国整体经济增长和食品安全目标做出贡献。

“双碳”背景下黑龙江省乳业碳排放效率研究

在“双碳”目标下,推进全产业链的绿色转型与升级是黑龙江省乳业发展的必由之路。通过测算2010-2020年黑龙江省乳业碳排放总量,运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型与Malmquist-Luenberger指数相结合的方法,对比内蒙古、河北、河南、陕西、新疆、江苏、浙江、北京、上海等地区,分析了黑龙江省乳业碳排放的静态和动态效率。研究结果表明,黑龙江省乳业碳排放总量整体呈下降趋势,奶牛养殖的胃肠发酵环节和粪便管理环节是乳业碳排放的主要来源;相比其他地区,黑龙江省乳业碳排放静态效率稳步提升,但仍存在上升空间;黑龙江省乳业碳排放的动态效率呈现先波动后平稳的总体趋势,乳业碳排放动态效率的提高依赖于管理水平的提升和技术进步。在此基础上,提出发展生态牧场,打造绿色工厂;加强乳业低碳技术的研发和应用;强化乳业全产业链的碳排放规制等降低黑龙江省乳业碳排放,实现绿色发展的对策建议。

乳用双峰驼产业化发展现状、思路与对策

骆驼产业是哈密市优势特色产业,经过近几年的养殖实践与培育发展,形成了企业、合作社从养殖端到加工端到市场的较为完善的产业链。文章通过对国家乳用双峰驼养殖标准化示范区乳用双峰驼产业化发展现状进行分析,梳理发展思路,提出针对性的发展对策,以期为骆驼产业发展提供理论支撑。

基于因子分析法的乳制品行业财务绩效研究

乳制品行业是关系到国计民生的重要行业,我国人均奶类消费量较低。随着经济发展和国民健康意识的提升,我国乳制品消费市场前景广阔。本文以在沪深证券交易所上市的22家乳制品公司作为研究样本,通过主成分分析法、因子分析法等构建乳制品行业财务绩效指标评价体系,综合评价财务绩效,提出发展建议,为相关企业提供参考,引导乳制品行业健康发展。