Revitalizing Old Industrial Base of Northeast China:Process, Policy and Challenge

Northeast China is the largest old industrial base of China that endured persistent influence of the past planned economy system. This region has lost its leading place since the reform and opening up, and became a backward region by contrast with the coastal areas. This paper elaborates the evolutionary process of the old industrial base of Northeast China, analyses the main reasons for the decline, gives a preliminary evaluation on the revitalizing polices in recent years, and points out major long-term challenges for future revitalization. It concludes that for Northeast China, a relative declining area: 1) it is indispensable to get the long-term policy support from the central government; 2) system reform and structure adjustment are the crucial strategies, particularly the reform of the large and medium state-owned enterprises; and devel-oping new industries is as important as upgrading traditional advantaged industries; 3) the local governments should play an indirect role, avoiding from any unnecessary intervention on economic activity; and 4) social security and investment climate must be improved simultaneously. In addition, the author stresses that the lack of knowledge on the nature of old industrial base had led to failures of the past initiatives, and revitalizing the old industrial base should be treated as a holis-tic regional project including economy growth, society progress and environment improvement.

A STUDY ON RECESSION MECHANISM AND REJUVENATION WAYS OF THENORTHEAST OLD INDUSTRIAL BASE

Using the theory of regional superiority of forming and developing Of the old industrial bases and theory of transfondng industrial structure, the paper analyses the recession characteristics, reasons and mechanism of the northest Old industrial base. On the basis of analysing and using the successful experience of other countries, the authors put forward the pattern, goal and way of transforming the northeast old industrial base, combined with the particular national conditions. The poper wants to make the theory and practice system of forming and developing of the world industrial bases more perfect, and provide some experience to promote the systematic development and speed up the industrialized course in the industrial ha of developing countries.

To Vitalize the Northeast and Win by Quality Address at the Forum on the Strategy for Implement ing the Vitalization of the Northeast Old Industry Base Held by AQSIQ(selection)

The forum on the strategy for implementing the vitalization of the northeastold industry base was held on June 13^(th), 2005 in Shengyang by the General Adminitration ofQuality supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of P.R. China (AQSIQ). The leaders in charge of theState Council Office of Northeast Vitalization and the Provincial Office of Vitalization ofLiaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang were invited to attend the forum. At the forum, Director of AQSIQLi Changjiang made active response to the issues surrounding 'how the central government policy ofvitalizing Northeast can be fulfilled' and 'how the departments of quality inspection can fulfilltheir duty and play an active role'.

Effects of the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy on Regional Economic Growth and Social Development

Measuring the economic and social effects of the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy is critical to addressing regional sustainable development in China. To shed light on this issue, an integrated perspective was adopted that is combined with the difference-in-differences method to measure the effects of the strategy on economic growth and social development in Northeast China. The findings suggest that the strategy has significantly improved regional economic growth and per-capita income by increasing its gross domestic product(GDP) and GDP per capita by 25.70% and 46.00%, respectively. However, the strategy has significantly worsened the regional employment in the secondary industry of the region. In addition, the strategy has not significantly improved regional infrastructural road, education investment or social security, and has had no significant effect on mitigating regional disparity. In addition, the policy effects are highly heterogeneous across cities based on city size and characteristics. Therefore, there is no simple answer regarding whether the Northeast China Revitalization Strategy has reached its original goals from an integrated perspective. The next phase of the strategy should emphasize improving research and development(R&D) and human capital investments based on urban heterogeneity to prevent conservative path-dependency and the lock-in of outdated technologies.

Agricultural Ecological Zoning Plan of Old Industrial Bases in Liaoning Province, China

On the basis of brief description of current situation of old industrial bases and primary industry of Liaoning Province, the paper introduces the general situation of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province. First, the ecological bases of agricultural zoning plan are introduced through various topographic and geomorphic types, regional climate differences and imbalanced distribution of natural resources; Second, in accordance with the theory of comparative advantage, distribution of production and resource economics, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of agricultural natural resources, with the principle of fully excavating economic function of different natural resources, and in order to improve allocation efficiency of the two resources of market and government, the formation of ecological zoning plan of agriculture in Liaoning Province is analyzed; Third, according to Regional Layout Planning of Characteristic Agricultural Products of Liaoning Province (2006-2010), the paper describes basic layout of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province. The policy support of agriculture-ecological zoning plan in Liaoning Province is analyzed from three aspects-support policy of functional zone major in producing grain, support policy of other characteristic agriculture-ecological zone and support measures of development of agriculture-ecological zone. The paper also analyzes experiences of agricultural development of old industrial bases in ecological zoning plan: First, agriculture-ecological zoning plan is a effective way of the revitalization of old industrial bases; Second, scientificity of plan is the basis of improving competitiveness of regional agriculture; Third, multi-input mechanism guiding by government is the key of agricultural packing effect; Fourth, integrated agricultural industrial chain is guarantee of realizing industrialization in ecological zone.

Study of Nursing Home Interior Design in Northeast China——A Case Study of Nursing Home in Changchun

Over the past few years,the design and construction of the pension space has been gradually enriched.The rational depth of thinking in the humanized and emotional design of the nursing home is revealed.The interior space under the influence of regional culture is also the associated element of humanized and emotional design,which is worth the in-depth discussion of the professional staff.The construction and developed areas in Northeast China compared to nursing homes are still relatively backward,how to implement the people-oriented design concept,how to promote the northeast area nursing home construction and interior design quality,these problems are specific,but also the reality,managers,designers need to take seriously.

“一带一路”视阈下“哈长一体化”建设探究

“一带一路”倡议实施以来,推进了新时代的经济全球化,给包括中国在内的“一带一路”沿线国家和世界的经济发展提供了巨大的历史机遇,也为处于东北老工业基地振兴背景下哈长一体化的快速推进搭建了巨大的舞台。对哈长一体化建设的重要意义和哈长一体化融入“一带一路”面临的挑战进行深入分析,提出哈长一体化融入“一带一路”倡议的具体实施路径,对内练好“内功”,提高哈长城市群的整体竞争力;对外抓住机遇,积极拓展外部发展空间。

东北老工业基地文化融入高职思政课的思考

在东北老工业基地发展历史中融入先进的马克思主义理论和新时代中国特色社会主义理论,能够增强思政课的思想深度。深入挖掘东北老工业基地文化资源的深厚底蕴,以其蕴含的丰富教育资源拓展思想政治教育理论课内容,通过思政教育基地参观、红色故事、劳模人物等实践形式拓展内容广度,进一步巩固思想政治教育在文化传承方面所具有的独特价值和学科优势。

国家级老工业基地振兴融入新发展格局构建的对策

国家级老工业基地振兴融入新发展格局构建,不仅是振兴老工业基地、构建新发展格局的需要,而且还有诸多有利因素。为此,必须设法推动国家级老工业基地振兴融入新发展格局构建。老工业基地要以建设完整、自主、可控、安全、高效、现代化的产业体系为目标和引领,围绕特色、优势产业,分类推进和施策,加快技术突破,优化产业布局,强化园区建设,加强政策引导,加快打造出一批高水平、配套性、循环性、区域性的产业。

价值导向下东北老工业基地工业遗产活化利用

东北老工业基地曾是新中国工业的摇篮,尤其是“一五”时期的156项工程是东北老工业基地工业腾飞和辉煌的时代记忆。随着东北城市经济市场及社会制度的转变,工业企业开始转型并向城市郊区迁移,城区内大量工业遗存遭到破坏,亟需采取措施进行有效保护与合理利用。因此,文中选取156项重点工程中的佳木斯造纸厂为例开展研究。佳木斯造纸厂作为当时亚洲最大的制浆造纸基地及佳木斯市最大企业,厂区内遗留了大量风貌特色鲜明的工业建筑群落且处于闲置状态。在城市更新背景下,从建立适应性价值评估体系入手,通过评估明确价值、计算赋能价值、设计重构价值、运营激活价值,探索精准评价明晰更新策略、人机协同促进智能建造新生态、适应寒地气候的地域性设计、以轻带重撬动高投资回报等适用于东北老工业基地工业遗产活化利用的高质量发展路径,为推进实施特殊地域工业文化遗产活化利用提供决策参考和规划思路。

东北老工业基地制造企业成长现状分析与对策

在对东北老工业基地制造企业成长现状进行分析的基础上,发现技术创新能力不足、人才流失与短缺、产业结构不合理、资金短缺与融资困难、运营效率低下等问题严重制约了东北老工业基地制造企业的成长。对此,尝试从企业与政府两个层面提出相应的对策建议,以期能够帮助东北老工业基地制造企业实现健康成长,助力东北地区的经济振兴。

The Competitive Advantages Status and PromotionPathfor Liaoning Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises

企业竞争优势依赖于其所生存的环境,金融危机爆发之后的经济下行使装备制造企业竞争优势的来源发生了根本性的改变.通过对辽宁9 家企业的问卷调查,探究了辽宁装备制造企业的竞争优势现状,厘清了竞争优势维度对财务绩效的不同作用,进一步研究了竞争优势的提升路径.研究表明：经济下行对企业竞争优势的影响较大;目前竞争优势主要来源于低成本优势和新产品研发优势,但近年来新产品研发得到了较快的发展,而成本优势正在大幅减弱;产品开发、技术资源、软件和市场份额对总资产报酬率影响较大,而成本、与用户信任程度关系、质量和Y R IN技术资源对销售利润率影响较大;产品开发、成本、服务、与用户信任程度和性能是企业需要关注的重点.

“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破:重要性、潜力优势、突破方向、难点及实现路径

“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴有助于为东北经济高质量发展培育新的经济增长极,提高东北老工业基地人民群众的生活质量,改善东北老工业基地的投资环境,为推进东北老工业基地全面振兴取得新突破提供了积极助力。文章通过对“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破的重要性、潜力优势、突破方向、面临的难点分析,进一步提出“一带一路”倡议下东北老工业基地全面振兴实现新突破的路径,旨在更高质量地推进东北老工业基地全面振兴,深化“一带一路”倡议,促进东北老工业基地全面振兴取得新突破。

文化旅游融入革命老区振兴的路径研究——以济南市莱芜区为例

革命老区是革命传统的重要承载地,是弘扬传承红色文化,增强斗争本领和斗争精神的重要依托。在奔向建成社会主义强国道路的今天,基于革命老区发展现状,立足文化旅游与革命老区振兴的结合点,实现革命老区自身有效实现经济发展的“造血”功能。该文认为,革命老区需依托自身红色资源,在进行文化旅游开发过程中不仅需要政府牵头,亦需要协调当地村民与外地前来观光的游客之间的关系,以此推动老区经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的快速提升。

高职院校服务东北老工业基地振兴的路径选择

我国高职院校在服务东北老工业基地振兴过程中发挥了巨大作用,不仅为其提供政策论证、理论支撑、技术支撑,还提供人才支撑。为了更好地发挥高职院校在东北老工业基地振兴过程中的优势,高职院校需要进一步加强人文教育,加强学科结构布局与调整,加大科技创新驱动与创新创业教育培养的力度。

振兴东北老工业基地的新型城市化战略

依据东北地区城市化现状特点、问题、趋势和城市化相关理论,提出振兴东北老工业基地要采取与新型工业化战略相适应的新型城市化战略。该战略的总体目标是把东北老工业基地建设成现代化的人居环境系统,构建“三圈一带”为主的空间骨架。从资源型城市经济转型、大城市老工业区改造、大都市圈产业集聚与空间重组、乡村城镇化、城市信息化和城市生态环境整治与人居环境建设6个方面论述了新型城市化的战略重点及其对策。

东北地区陆地生态系统生产力及其人口承载力分析

日益增长的人口及其生存环境问题已经成为人类社会生存与可持续发展的关键,亦是区域生态承载力的重要指标。生态系统生产力及其人口承载力研究不仅可以弄清某一区域所能承载的最大人口数量,而且能为农业生态系统的宏观调控和长远发展规划提供依据。东北老工业基地地处地球环境变化速率最大的东亚季风区,以气候变暖为标志的全球变化必将影响东北地区生态承载力,进而影响该地区的人口承载力。该研究基于10km×10km分辨率的东北地区1980～2002年共23年的气象资料,结合植物生理生态特点和水热平衡关系建立的自然植被净第一性生产力模型和农业生产力模型,借助于地理信息系统软件,分析了东北地区4类生态系统类型:森林、农田、草地和湿地的生产力及其动态,指出东北地区近23年来年均气温呈显著上升趋势、年降水总体上呈减少趋势。23年来东北地区植被年均总生产力为3.52×1011kgDM.a-1,其中森林、农田、草地和湿地的年均总生产力分别为1.53×1011、4.55×1010、1.07×1011和4.63×1010kgDM.a-1,森林、农田、草地和湿地的平均生产力为5.73×103、1.84×103、5.64×103和5.55×103kgDM.hm-2.a-1。在此基础上,以第一性生产-第二性生产之间的生态适应性和能量-物质流平衡(在食物链上传递机制)为主线,通过对第一性生产力在人类直接消费与第二性生产之间以及各畜群(猪、肉牛羊、禽、奶牛和水产品(鱼))之间的分配,估算了1980～2002年东北地区在宽裕型、小康型与富裕型3种消费水平下,不输出商品粮和每年向国家提供350×108kg商品粮条件下的年均总人口承载力分别为2.61×108、2.15×108和1.77×108;和1.70×108、1.40×108和1.15×108。因此,要确保东北地区每年向国家提供350×108kg的商品粮,且在未来东北地区的生活水平要达到富裕型水平,必须控制人口数量。在此基础上,根据2020、2050、2070和2100年的气候预估资料,预测了2020、2050、2070和2100年东北地区在宽裕型、小康型和富裕型3种消费水平下的人口承载力分别为2.73×108、2.25×108和1.85×108;2.88×108、2.38×108和1.95×108;3.03×108、2.49×108和2.05×108;以及3.09×108、2.55×108和2.09×108。该研究可为东北地区及各省的生态建设与土地资源可持续利用提供参考。

东北老工业基地城市群组结构和功能优化的初步研究

东北地区城市群组应围绕老工业基地振兴和新型工业基地建设的任务,在新型工业化和城市化发展目标下,调整结构、优化功能。辽中南城市群应在继续重化工业和装备制造业方向的同时强化效益和效率机制;吉中城市组群应在坚持汽车工业和新兴工业部门方向的同时强化城际之间的行业联系;哈大齐以及黑龙江东北城市组群则应做好资源接续产业和新兴产业的培育工作。在结构调整和功能优化过程中,还要注意加强城市群组内部城市职能分工,加速产业结构与产品结构的梯度转移,逐步弱化不同等级城市间纵向联系的行政隶属关系,进一步强化同一等级城市间的横向联系,在城市群组之间亦形成良性的竞争和合作关系,为新型工业基地建设和东北地区经济发展提供空间载体。

东北振兴:困局与突破(专题讨论):东北三省工业经济下行的原因分析及对策建议

2014年以来，伴随中国经济步入新常态，东北三省经济下行压力较大，形势严峻。作为老工业基地，工业下行是东北三省经济下行的主要原因。针对2015年东北三省的工业运行表现，从产业结构、体制机制和供给要素三个层面分析东北三省工业经济下行的原因主要有：重化工业比重大、国有经济占据主导、东北人口流失问题严重。针对东北三省各自的具体情况分析，三个省份发展存在以下突出“短板”，如辽宁存在出口下降过快问题，吉林省存在工业一柱擎天、汽车工业2015年大幅下降问题，黑龙江则面临农业比例过大的问题。东北地区需要围绕深化供给侧结构性改革，从共性问题和个性问题两个方面入手，积极推进体制机制改革和经济结构战略调整。

东北城市组群整合关系及其调控机制——以长春市、吉林市为例

中国东北是城市化水平较高、城市组群发育较多的老工业区。作者以东北地区中部的一组近域城市——长春和吉林两市为例,以老工业基地改造与振兴为背景,分析了其近年呈现强劲势头的整合发展现象,并从理论与实际相结合的高度,规律性地总结了城市组群整合发展关系的演化过程和一般模式。论文指出:中国的城市整合发展历程始于20世纪90年代,目前还处于发展初期,整体考虑城市组群地域的长远战略,合理组织组群城市在区域中的分工,追求双赢和共同发展是最佳选择;城市组群的整合关系主要体现在发展类型关系、发展模式关系和空间关系三个方面,而且这种类型、模式和空间关系往往随着城市组群整合发展关系的逐渐深入而向深层次演化;城市整合发展关系的调控有三种机制:行政协调机制、协商机制和市场协调机制。从我国的国情和城市整合发展现状及趋势来看,这三种协调机制必须同时存在,共同发挥作用,但是不同时期各种机制的作用和地位有所不同。