颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像在脑梗死患者中的应用

目的分析颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像对脑梗死患者的诊断价值。方法选取2022-03—2023-05在江苏省中西医结合医院就诊的80例疑似脑梗死患者为研究对象,对比分析GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像、磁共振成像及联合检查的敏感性、特异性、准确性,制作3种影像学检查的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果根据患者病情和临床综合诊断确诊,80例疑似脑梗死患者中脑梗死阳性69例(86.25%),脑梗死阴性11例(13.75%)。3种影像学检查方法的灵敏度、准确率比较,从高到低依次为联合检查、GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查、联合检查诊断脑梗死的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.8109、0.7688、0.8682。结论GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像与磁共振成像检查的联合应用,有利于提高脑梗死患者诊断的灵敏度、准确率及AUC水平。

Revolution CT联合不同权重ASIR-V在胸痛三联征成像中的应用价值比较

目的探讨Revolution CT联合不同权重多模型迭代重建技术(ASIR-V)在胸痛三联征(TRO)成像中的应用价值。方法选取我院2022年8月~2023年3月收治的90例胸痛患者进行研究,入院后接受TRORevolution CT平扫。按随机数字表法分成滤波反投影(FBP)组与ASIR-V组各45例。FBP组采用FBP技术进行图像重组,ASIR-V组采用不同权重(10%、30%、50%、70%、90%)前置ASIR-V技术重组。记录两组辐射剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效剂量(ED),比较不同重组方式及不同权重下冠状动脉、升主动脉、降主动脉、肺动脉干的平均CT值、噪声值、信噪比(SNR)、对比信噪比(CNR),由2名经验丰富的影像科医生进行主观图像质量评分。结果ASIR-V组DLP、ED低于FBP组(P<0.05)。ASIR-V不同权重的血管腔噪声值低于FBP,血管腔SNR、CNR与主观图像质量评分高于FBP(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%、90%的噪声值低于ASIR-V权重10%、30%的噪声值(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%、90%的SNR、CNR高于ASIR-V权重10%、30%的SNR、CNR(P<0.05)。ASIR-V权重50%、70%的主观评分高于ASIR-V权重10%、30%、90%的主观评分(P<0.05)。结论Revolution CT联合ASIR-V技术能减少辐射剂量,ASIR-V权重50%、70%时对血管腔与解剖结构的显示良好,血管腔噪声值较低,SNR、CNR较高,能满足诊断需求。

Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding

Semidwarf breeding has boosted crop production and is a well-known outcome from the first Green Revolution. The Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1(SD1), which modulates gibberellic acid(GA) biosynthesis, plays a principal role in determining rice plant height. Mutations in SD1 reduce rice plant height and promote lodging resistance and fertilizer tolerance to increase grain production. The plant height mediated by SD1 also favors grain yield under certain conditions. However, it is not yet known whether the function of SD1 in upland rice promotes adaptation and grain production. In this study, the plant height and grain yield of irrigated and upland rice were comparatively analyzed under paddy and dryland conditions. In response to dryland environments, rice requires a reduction in plant height to cope with water deficits. Upland rice accessions had greater plant heights than their irrigated counterparts under both paddy and dryland conditions, and appropriately reducing plant height could improve adaptability to dryland environments and maintain high grain yield formation. Moreover, upland rice cultivars with thicker stem diameters had stronger lodging resistance, which addresses the lodging problem. Knockout of SD1 in the upland rice cultivar IRAT104 reduced the plant height and grain yield, demonstrating that the adjustment of plant height mediated by SD1 could increase grain production in dryland fields. In addition, an SD1 genetic diversity analysis verified that haplotype variation causes phenotypic variation in plant height. During the breeding history of rice, SD1 allelic mutations were selected from landraces to improve the grain yield of irrigated rice cultivars, and this selection was accompanied by a reduction in plant height. Thus, five known mutant alleles were analyzed to verify that functional SD1 is required for upland rice production. All these results suggest that SD1 might have undergone artificial positive selection in upland rice, which provides further insights concerning greater plant height in upland rice breeding.

Callfor Papersfor Special Issue Innovative Pharmaceutical Research Facilitated by Ai

Al is revolutionizing the current paradigm of pharmaceutical research,addressing the challenges encountered at all stages of the process.Al driven drug discovery is based on biomedical big data and new algorithms to identify drug targets,screen and optimize active compounds,analyze drug properties,and facilitate drug production and quality control.On this basis,we are organize this special issue entitled“Innovative Pharmaceutical Research Driven by Al”,to collect Research articles,Review papers,and Short communications,facilitating pharmaceutical research.

基于体表面积的碘对比剂个性化方案在冠状动脉CT血管造影增强效能中的应用

目的:探讨体表面积(BSA)的碘对比剂个性化方案在受检者自由呼吸状态下冠状动脉CT血管造影(CTA)效能增强的可行性。方法:将临床疑似冠状动脉疾病的30例患者纳入研究,按BSA分为两组:BSA≤1.6 m^(2)的患者为小BSA组,BSA>1.6 m^(2)的患者为大BSA组。然后基于BSA计算碘对比剂的用量[造影剂用量(mL)=(BSA×10/碘浓度)],造影剂注射时间为10 s。利用Revolution CT在患者自由呼吸状态下对冠状动脉进行造影成像。由具备5年以上胸部影像诊断经验的医师对数据进行主观和客观图像质量评分,采用5分法对A组和B组图像进行主观评分;同时测量两组患者降主动脉、升主动脉、左冠状动脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠状动脉主干6支血管的CT值及信噪比(SNR)值。结果:两组图像的主观评分数值均能达到3分以上,可满足诊断要求,且两位医师主观评分的一致性(ICC)较好(分别为0.81、0.71)。客观评分结果显示两组图像冠状动脉的显影效果较好,且冠状动脉CT值和SNR值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于BSA的碘对比剂个性化方案具有临床可行性,冠状动脉血管的强化程度合适且均一,可满足临床诊断要求。

Integrating GPT into the Journalism and Communication Industries:The Technological Logic,Ecosystem Reconstruction,and Ethical Chal enges

Generative AI,represented by GPT(Generative Pre-trained Transformer),is now leading the technological revolution and is reconstructing the journalism and communication industries'ecosystems because of its powerful generative capacity and diverse range of outputs.While GPT is busy revolutionizing and innovating the production of news content,working patterns,and operation modes,it has also given rise to ethical concerns in regard to news authenticity,data security,humanistic values,and other related aspects.Therefore,it is imperative to initiate strategies and approaches,such as establishing a mechanism for verifying information authenticity,enhancing data security and privacy regulations,and instituting an ethical supervision and governance framework for AI,in order to facilitate the systematic advancement of AI-based news production while reinstating public trust.

2024全球十大趋势

In 2023, momentous changes of a like not seen in a century accelerated across the globe. The world as a whole was in a period of turbulence and change: regional conflicts cropped up, major-country competition became more complex, climate change deteriorated, and the scientific and technological revolution accelerated. The international security situation was worrisome, against which China demonstrated its sense of duty as a responsible country. Looking forward to 2024, in the face of an unstable, uncertain, and insecure external environment, China will advance its four global initiatives in a coordinated manner, contributing positive energy to the world.

The Revolution that Reshapes Lifestyles

While navigating the brave new world of online shopping,China should strike a balance between embracing the future and preserving the traditions that enrich its cultural fabric.IN the bustling streets of China,a quiet revolution has taken place,reshaping the way people shop and interact with the market.E-commerce has emerged as a dominant force,offering a plethora of products and services at the fingertips of tens of millions.From the tiny needle to the grandest household appliances,from branded shoes to fresh fruits and vegetables,everything is just a click away.

World’s Energy Transition and Chinese-style Modern Energy Revolution under Carbon Neutrality (Ⅱ)

Chinese-style modernization emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and actively yet prudently promotes carbon peak and carbon neutrality.It delves deeply into the energy revolution,upholding the following principles:the“independence”of energy production,the“green”energy supply,the“security”of energy reserves,the“efficiency”of energy consumption,the“intelligence”of energy management,and the“economy”of energy costs.Efforts are being made to accelerate the planning and construction of a new type of energy system that is green and smart,with new energy,new electricity,new stored energy,and new smart energy as the mainstays,to ensure energy security.Currently,China is an energy power but not an energy superpower,and its energy consumption structure still needs further optimization.China’s new energy security strategy is composed of energy consumption revolution,energy supply revolution,energy technology revolution,and energy system revolution,complemented by comprehensive strengthening of international cooperation.This approach is aimed at advancing China’s energy revolution and transforming the nation’s energy supply pattern and shifting from a consumption mix in 2022.

Revolution 256 CT轴扫模式下不同心率患者冠状动脉CT血管成像的图像质量及辐射剂量分析

目的:本研究旨在评估采用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)时不同心率(HR)患者的图像质量和辐射剂量。方法:收集2022年3月—2023年3月期间90例不同心率患者的数据,根据入组时的心率将其分为三组:低心率组(HR<60bpm)、正常心率组(60bpm≤HR≤80bpm)和高心率组(HR>80bpm),各组人数均为30例,每组患者均采用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行CCTA检查,比较不同心率患者的图像质量和辐射剂量。结果:低心率组的图像质量最高,高心率组的图像质量最差,数据差异明显(P<0.05);统计分析表明,高心率组和低心率组在辐射剂量方面存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:使用Revolution 256 CT扫描仪进行CCTA检查时,低心率组和高心率组患者的图像质量均能够达到诊断标准,而且辐射剂量相对较低,因此,在使用Revolution256 CT扫描进行CCTA检查时,不同心率的患者均可采用该检查方式,无需特殊处理。

Moving Africa Towards Sustainable Health Systems via the Fourth Industrial Revolution:Balancing Innovation with the Right to Privacy

This article explores how the Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR)can transform and enhance sustainable health systems in Africa,supporting the continent’s growth and development goals.The 4IR integrates digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),robotics,automation,big data,machine learning,the Internet of Things(IoT),algorithms,and data-driven innovations,offering unique opportunities to address persistent healthcare challenges in Africa.However,this paper will focus specifically on AI systems within the healthcare sector.The paper will investigate how to address AI-related concerns,including privacy rights violations,data exploitation,and the lack of education and training in adopting these advanced technologies in hospitals.The study aims to find a balance between protecting patients’data and privacy through cybersecurity and effectively utilizing AI systems in healthcare.This balance can be achieved by adopting a robust ethical and legal framework that establishes precise data and privacy protection policies,ensuring that AI systems are used responsibly and in compliance with established standards.

Video Games and School Performances of Dakar High School Students

The triptych (Smartphones, Video games, adolescents) has imposed itself on the collective consciousness in the form of questioning to the point of becoming a social phenomenon. It thus raises concerns about the uses that adolescents make of it and the effects on their academic performance, which we proposed to study among middle school students from the Dakar academy inspection. Where appropriate, we used mixed methods with the collection techniques of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews respectively with middle school students, adults (parents, supervisors, teachers, etc.), participant observation and literature review. Concretely, before accessibility to video games, the middle school students were more idle and well-behaved, watched a lot of TV, played with their brothers and sisters or did household chores. The majority of young people had good, very good or excellent conduct and their averages were fair, fairly good or good. With access to a diverse digital environment, middle school students have passionately turned to video games. As a result, their learning time, concentration and submission to parental injunctions have declined significantly. This situation negatively affected their academic performance and encouraged bad behavior.

Introducing a 2nd Universal Space-Time Constant Can Explain the Observed Age of the Universe and Dark Energy

The purpose of this paper is to introduce new theoretical concepts as opposed to accepting the existence of dark entities, such as dark energy. This research sought to introduce a 2nd universal space-time constant, besides having a finite speed constant (speed of light in vacuum c). A finite universal age constant b is introduced. Namely, this paper shows that the changes in the Earth’s anomalistic year duration over time support the hypothesis of the age of the universe correlating with a maximum number of orbital revolutions constant. Neglecting the gravitational influence of other cosmological entities in the proximity of the Earth, the constant maximum number of revolutions is herewith determined solely by the Earth’s orbital revolutions around the Sun. The value of the universal age constant b is calculated to be around 13.8 billion orbital revolutions, derived out of an equation related to the changes in the Earth’s anomalistic year duration over time and the so-called Hubble tension. The above-mentioned calculated value b correlates well with the best fit to measured data of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) by the Planck spacecraft, the age of the observed universe is measured to be approximately 13.787 ± 0.020 billion years (2018 final data release). Developing a theory with this 2nd universal space-time constant b, being covariant with respect to the Lorentz transformations when time spans are large, gives results such as: A confirmation of the measured CMBR value of 13.787 ± 0.020 billion years. Correlating well with the observed expansion rate of the universe (dark energy). The universe’s expansion accelerating over the last four to five billion years.

Revolution CT冠状动脉成像与冠状动脉造影评估冠状动脉狭窄的一致性研究

目的探讨Revolution CT冠状动脉成像与冠状动脉造影(CAG)评估冠状动脉狭窄的一致性。方法选取2016年8月~2018年8月我院收治的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者262例为研究对象,所有患者均行CAG和Revolution CT检查。以CAG为金标准,冠状动脉狭窄程度50%、75%为界,从冠状动脉血管和冠状动脉血管节段两个方面评价Revolution CT检查的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确性。结果以冠状动脉狭窄程度50%、75%为界,从冠状动脉血管分析,Revolution CT与CAG诊断的Kappa值分别为0.851、0.885(P<0.05),Revolution CT诊断的灵敏度为92.59%、92.91%,特异度为92.53%、95.56%,准确度为92.56%、94.27%,阳性预测值为93.26%、95.16%,阴性预测值为91.78%、93.48%;从冠状动脉血管节段分析,Revolution CT与CAG诊断的Kappa值分别为0.828、0.826(P<0.05),Revolution CT诊断的灵敏度为93.47%、96.88%,特异度为93.97%、87.21%,准确度为93.59%、95.39%,阳性预测值为98.13%、97.67%,阴性预测值为80.96%、83.47%。结论 Revolution CT能较准确地诊断不同程度的冠状动脉狭窄,与CAG诊断有较好的一致性,但Revolution CT诊断可能出现假阳性结果,故目前临床中仍不能完全替代CAG检查。

Revolution CT低剂量头颈部CTA联合颅脑CTP一站式检查的价值

目的探讨Revolution CT低剂量头颈部CT血管成像(CTA)联合颅脑CT灌注(CTP)一站式检查的应用价值。方法前瞻性研究亳州市人民医院2019年2~5月临床诊断脑缺血性病变的50例患者,所有患者完成Revolution CT低剂量头颈部CTA联合颅脑CTP一站式检查,计算患者受检X线有效辐射剂量;统计分析头颈部血管狭窄情况;通过TMax伪彩图发现异常与正常灌注区,测量异常与正常灌注区的脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、达峰时间(TTP)、平均通过时间(MTT)等数据,以确定异常灌注区梗死前期缺血程度(Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期)及急性脑梗死,以及确定TMax伪彩图提示异常区域的敏感性;同时测量低灌注及正常区域的TMax值,通过ROC曲线得出诊断Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期与急性梗死期的临界值。结果颅脑灌注有效辐射剂量为(2.27±0.10)mSv,头颈部CTA及颅脑CTP总辐射剂量为(3.21±0.17)mSv。TMax伪彩图提示异常灌注区敏感性为95.16%(59/62)。诊断Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、急性脑梗死的临界值分别为2.99 s、4.26 s、6.34 s。结论Revolution CT头颈部CTA联合颅脑CTP一站式检查辐射剂量低,能够同时发现血管狭窄及灌注异常,TMax伪彩图发现灌注异常敏感性高,TMax值的测定对脑缺血低灌注程度有定性的诊断价值。

Revolution CT在心律不齐患者行胸痛三联征CT血管成像中的应用

目的探讨利用Revolution CT对心律不齐患者行胸痛三联征CT血管成像检查的图像质量及可诊断性。资料与方法回顾性收集2020年1—9月在吉林大学第二医院因急性胸痛伴心律不齐行胸痛三联征CT血管成像检查的50例患者设为A组,选取同时期、相同对比剂剂量下心律规整且心率<80次/min的50例患者设为B组,两组均采用Revolution CT扫描,分别评价两组的图像质量,并计算辐射剂量。结果A组冠状动脉、肺动脉及主动脉的对比噪声比分别为34.98±11.11、39.08±11.93、37.82±12.08;B组分别为33.08±8.75、37.17±11.18、38.08±9.58,两组差异均无统计学意义(t=0.95、0.82、0.46,P均>0.05);两组患者冠状动脉、肺动脉及主动脉图像质量主观评分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.15、0.99、0.25,P均>0.05);两组有效剂量差异无统计学意义[(14.75±3.08)mSv比(13.77±2.05)mSv;t=1.84,P=0.07]。结论胸痛三联征CT血管成像中,对于心律不齐的患者采用Revolution CT扫描可以保证获得的图像满足诊断需求。

256排CT对冠心病冠脉狭窄程度与心肌灌注相关性的分析

目的探讨冠脉狭窄程度与心肌灌注之间的相关性。方法对60例疑似冠心病者行冠状动脉CT血管成像(CTA)及心脏CT灌注检查,根据冠状动脉支配左室心肌特定部位,划定ROI区测量相应的心肌灌注参数。计算冠状动脉正常组及不同狭窄程度组与对应左室节段血容量(BV)、血流灌注量(BF)、平均通过时间(MTT)、到达脉冲剩余函数峰值通过时间(TMax)、峰值时间(TTP)参数的相关性。结果BV值在不同冠脉狭窄程度间差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。BF值在冠脉正常组与轻微狭窄组、轻度狭窄组、中度狭窄组及重度狭窄组之间均差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。MTT值在正常组与轻度狭窄组、中度狭窄组、重度狭窄组之间差异有统计意义(P=0.028、P=0.007、P=0.000);轻微狭窄组、轻度狭窄组与重度狭窄组之间差异有统计意义(P=0.033、P=0.033)。TMax值在正常组、轻微狭窄组、轻度狭窄组、中度狭窄组与重度狭窄组之间差异有统计意义(P=0.000、P=0.041、P=0.006、P=0.026)。TTP值在正常组与重度狭窄组之间差异有统计意义(P=0.010)。BF与冠脉狭窄程度呈负相关,MTT、TMax、TTP值与冠脉狭窄程度呈正相关。结论不同冠脉狭窄程度影响心肌灌注,Revolution CT对评价冠脉狭窄程度与心肌灌注缺损之间相关性有重要价值。

GE Revolution XR型DR探测器故障维修4例

0引言随着现代化技术的快速发展,数字化X线摄影（digital radiography,DR）逐步取代了常规的屏/片摄影和暗室手工片技术,成像速度及质量明显提高。DR是由X线发生器（球管）、探测器（影像板/采样器）、采集工作站（采像处理计算机/后处理工作站）、机械装置等4个部分组成。

Revolution CT能谱成像技术联合肺癌血清4项对肺癌患者的诊断及疗效评估价值分析

目的探讨Revolution CT能谱成像技术联合肺癌血清4项对肺癌患者的诊断及疗效评估价值。方法前瞻性选择2019年6月至2022年6月来亳州市人民医院诊治的肺占位性病变患者70例,均给予肺癌血清4项及CT能谱成像检查,病理检查确诊的肺癌患者给予化疗治疗,化疗2个周期后肺癌患者再次行肺癌血清4项检查及CT能谱成像检查。分析70例患者的病理、血清、CT能谱成像检查及CA125+SCC+NSE+CYFRA21-1+CEA+CT能谱成像检查结果,分析血清及Revolution CT能谱成像检查对肺部占位性疾病的诊断效能,良恶性患者血清4项水平、CT能谱、灌注参数,分析55例肺癌患者化疗前后有效组、无效组的血清4项水平、CT能谱、灌注参数。结果70例患者的病理检查结果表明,良性15例,恶性55例。肺癌血清4项联合Revolution CT能谱成像检查、Revolution CT能谱成像检查对肺部占位性疾病的诊断阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感度、特异度、准确度明显较肺癌血清4项检测高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。恶性患者的血清SCC、NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA明显较良性患者高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。良性患者的CT能谱参数明显恶性患者低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);良性患者CT灌注成像参数中的血容量、血流量、毛细血管通透性明显较恶性组患者低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。55例肺癌患者化疗后,其中有效47例,无效8例。化疗前,有效组、无效组的血清SCC、NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA水平、CT能谱、灌注参数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);化疗后,有效组、无效组患者的血清SCC、NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA水平、能谱CT参数及CT灌注参数中的血容量、血流量、毛细血管通透性较化疗前均降低,且有效组较无效组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Revolution CT能谱成像技术联合肺癌血清4项可用于肺癌的诊断,二者也可用于疗效评价。

中国现代管理理论的国情基础

中国现代管理理论是研究并阐释辛亥革命以来关于现代化建设的管理理念、思想、理论与学说及其产生、发展、完善的条件、特点与规律性的科学。深刻认识、理解与把握中国现代管理理论研究的国情基础、客观依据与发展环境,是该学科研究的重要理论前提,对于客观阐释和系统说明中国现代管理理论发展的内在逻辑性具有重要的理论和实际意义。