The impact of^(60)Co-γirradiation on the chemical constituents of Chuanxiong Rhizoma

Background:In order to clarify the inmpat ofγirradiation on the chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine,this paper carefully choosed Chuanxiong Rhizoma to carry on a demonstration study.Methods:Through a meticulous assessment,a comprehensive comparison was made between the irradiated and unirradiated Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples.The property characteristics were investigated by colorimeter and electronic nose.The changes in chemical structures and contents was analyzed by fourier infrared spectroscopy,high performance liquid chromatography and fingerprinting.In a quest to uncover the presence of any new radiolysis products,cutting-edge techniques like ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed.Moreover,the difference of antioxidant activity were investigated.Results:The irradiation doses within 12 kGy had no significant effects on the content of the main chemical components,characteristics and in vitro antioxidant activity of Chuanxiong Rhizoma,while changes in some functional groups and degradation of some volatile oil components containing olefins need further study.Conclusion:This study indicates that^(60)Co-γirradiation is a stable method for sterilization of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.It’s also provide a reference for the establishment of irradiation standards for Chuanxiong Rhizoma and other aromatic medicinal plants.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma by Orthogonal Experiment

[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma.[Methods]The entropy weight method was used to determine the weight of epicatechin extraction rate and dry extract rate and calculate the comprehensive score.The water extraction process of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma was optimized by orthogonal design with the comprehensive score as the indicator and the amount of water,extraction time and extraction times as the factors.[Results]The optimum extraction process of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma was as follows:adding 10 times of water,extracting 3 times,and extracting for 60 min each time.[Conclusions]The optimized extraction process is stable and feasible,and can be used for the extraction of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma.

Fingerprint Study of Polygonati Rhizoma with Steaming and Exposing to the Sun Alternatively for Different Times

[Objectives]To explore the influence of different times of steaming and exposing to the sun on the fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma by studying the HPLC fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma processed products with different times of steaming and exposing to the sun,and to provide a basis for the determination of the best processing technology of Polygonati Rhizoma.[Methods]SETSAIL II AQ-C 18(5μm×250 mm×4.6 mm)was used as the column,the column temperature was 30℃,pure water(A)and acetonitrile(B)were eluted gradually,0-10 min,B(5%-10%),10-30 min,B(10%-35%),30-40 min,B(35%-60%),40-45 min,B(60%-100%),flow rate 1 mL/min,absorption wavelength 200 nm.[Results]The relative retained peak area RSDs of the common peaks in the precision,reproducibility and stability tests were all less than 5%.There were 17 common peaks in the fingerprint of nine batches of samples,and the retention time of Peak 2 was basically the same as that of the reference peak of 5-HMF.Peak 4 mainly existed in the chromatogram of Sample 3 to Sample 5,peaks 5 and 11 mainly existed after Sample 3,peaks 9,14 and 16 mainly existed after Sample 6,and peaks 12 and 17 mainly existed after Sample 4.[Conclusions]A total of 17 common peaks were obtained,and the Peak 2 was the designated peak,and the chemical components of each processed product were different.

Mechanism of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma in treating atherosclerosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background:The incidence and prevalence of atherosclerosis(AS)is increasing every year and has becoming a major health issue of global concern.Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma(PCR)is a Chinese herb that is widely used clinically for the treating of AS.However,its pertinent targets and probable mechanisms,still need to be completely explored.Methods:Active compounds and targets for PCR and AS targets were screened using public databases.A“drug-component-disease target”network map was created and analyzed after using the Venn online tool to identify common targets and Cytoscape software to screen drug-disease core targets.Critical targets pathway enrichment analyses are conducted using the Metascape database.Using AutoDock Vina and Pymol software,docking validation and visualization of active components and core targets were carried out.Results:PCR was obtained for ten compounds with 105 AS-related targets.Rhein,quercetin,beta-sitosterol,and luteolin may be drug candidates,and the genes for AKT1,TNF,IL-6,EGFR,TP53,IL-1,RELA,and VEGFA are potential therapeutic targets,according to network analysis.PCR might modulate the AGE/RAGE,PI3K/Akt,IL-17 and NF-ᴋB signaling pathways against the development of AS.Molecular docking indicated that quercetin has high affinity for AKT1 and TNF gene targets.Conclusion:This study provides rare information and scientific basis for further exploration of PC in the treatment of AS.

Exploring the mechanism of active ingredients of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma in treating migraine headache through network pharmacology and animal experiments

Background:To explore the potential mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma(SGR)in the treatment of migraine using network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.Methods:Through the search of Traditional Chinese Medicines Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,Genecards,Drugbank and other databases,we obtained active ingredients,targets of SGR and related disease targets of migraine,and took the intersection for protein-protein interactions analysis.After constructing the network diagram,network topology analysis was performed to derive the core targets and key active ingredients,and Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed.Finally,molecular docking was performed and validated by in vivo experiments.In vivo experiments,18 male BALB/c mice were selected,and the SGR group was fed with SGR drinking tablet concentrate,and nitroglycerin injection was used to construct a mouse model of migraine.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test was used to detect the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and AKT1 in plasma.Results:The results showed that the core targets of SGR for the treatment of migraine were TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and AKT1.These core targets and key active ingredients had better binding ability.Compared with the blank group,the number of head scratching in the model group increased.Compared with the model group,there was a significant reduction of the number of head scratching in the SGR group.In comparison with the blank group,the protein level in the plasma in the model group was markedly higher.Compared with the model group,the protein level in the SGR group was significantly lower.Conclusion:SGR has the characteristics of improving migraine based on multi-targets,multi-components and multi-pathways,and the mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the release of inflammatory factors,neuron protection,and interference with apoptosis and other processes.

Research Overview of Zhuang Medicine Fumigation Lotions

At present,there is little research on the application of Zhuang medicine fumigation lotions in skin diseases,and there is no research on related preparation processes and quality standards.In this paper,the characteristics of its formulation and the research progress in skin diseases are reviewed,in order to deepen the understanding of Zhuang medicine fumigation lotions and provide a more detailed theoretical basis for its clinical research,development and application.

响应面法优化茅苍术多糖的提取工艺

[目的]利用响应面分析法优化茅苍术多糖的提取工艺。[方法]根据中心组合设计原理,以提取温度、提取时间、料液比三个因素为自变量,多糖的提取得率为响应值,设计了3因素3水平响应面分析试验,来确定茅苍术多糖提取的最佳工艺条件。[结果]茅苍术多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度87℃,料液比1∶22,提取时间3.1 h。在此最佳条件下,茅苍术多糖的提取率为2.12%。[结论]该研究对大规模提取茅苍术多糖有一定理论指导价值。

不同栽培年限竹节参中主要成分含量的动态变化

[目的]建立同时测定竹节参药材中3种主要化学成分(竹节参皂苷Ⅴ、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa和竹节参皂苷Ⅳ)的HPLC含量测定方法;在此基础上,考察湖北恩施竹节参各主要成分含量与栽培年限之间的动态变化。[方法]采用HPLC对不同生长年限的竹节参栽培品中竹节参皂苷Ⅴ、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa、竹节参皂苷Ⅳ的含量进行测定。色谱条件:色谱柱为Ultimate XB-C18色谱柱,(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-浓度0.2%乙酸铵溶液(32∶68,V/V);流速为1.0 ml/min;检测波长203 nm,柱温30℃。[结果]竹节参皂苷Ⅴ、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa、竹节参皂苷Ⅳ的含量分别在0.06～4.00、0.04～3.00、0.04～3.00μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好(r1=0.999 6、r2=0.999 4、r3=0.999 5);平均加样回收率分别为100.61%、99.06%、101.12%,RSD分别为1.28%、1.63%、0.89%;竹节参中各主要成分含量随栽培年限变化较大。[结论]该方法简便、可靠,可用于测定竹节参各主要成分的含量;通过监测竹节参各主要成分的累积规律,可为制定竹节参规范化栽培措施提供依据。

HPLC法测定盘龙七中岩白菜素的含量

[目的]建立盘龙七中岩白菜素含量的测定方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法,以Kromasil-C18为色谱柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）,乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液（V/V,10∶90）为流动相,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为275 nm,柱温为35℃,测定盘龙七中岩白菜素的含量。[结果]岩白菜素在0.248~1.240μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.997 9）,平均回收率为100.95%,RSD为2.47%（n=6）。[结论]该方法处理简单,重复性好,结果准确,可用于盘龙七中岩白菜素的含量测定。

超声波辅助提取芦根多糖的影响因素分析

[目的]优化超声波辅助提取芦根多糖的工艺条件。[方法]在单因素试验的基础上,通过响应面分析考察超声功率、提取时间和料液比对芦根多糖提取率的影响,并对其工艺参数进行优化。[结果]芦根多糖提取的最佳条件为料液比1∶22.5(g/ml),超声功率250W,提取时间26 min,提取2次;在此最优工艺条件下,芦根多糖提取率达1.724%。[结论]与传统的热水提取法相比,超声波法的提取时间缩短了5/6,多糖提取率增加1.412倍;超声波辅助提取芦根多糖具有快速、高效等优点,可用于芦根多糖的提取。

HPLC法测定不同产地甘草中甘草苷的含量

[目的]建立甘草中甘草苷含量测定的HPLC法,测定不同产地甘草中甘草苷的含量,以控制其质量。[方法]HPLC色谱条件为：分析柱为Kromasil C18柱（4.6 mm×25 cm,5μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.5%醋酸溶液（V/,V 1∶4）;流速为1.0 ml/min;柱温为25℃;紫外检测波长为270 nm;采用外标法定量测定。[结果]甘草苷在0.1~1.2μg范围内呈良好的线形关系（r=0.999 9）,其平均加样回收率和RSD值分别为97.86%和2.04%（n=6）。[结论]该方法操作简单、准确、快速、重现性好,可作为甘草苷的定量分析方法。

黄连黄柏协同抗痛风作用研究

[目的]研究黄连和黄柏的协同抗痛风作用。[方法]将80只小鼠随机平分为8组,即空白对照组、模型组、别嘌呤醇组、黄连组、黄柏组、黄连黄柏低、中、高剂量组,以小鼠血清尿酸水平和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性为指标,评价黄连和黄柏联用抗痛风作用。[结果]黄连和黄柏联用可显著降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平(P<0.05),可显著抑制肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性(P<0.05)。同剂量时,其抗痛风作用强于二者单独使用。[结论]黄连和黄柏具有协同抗痛风作用。

不同产地及不同药用部位延龄草中3种皂苷的含量测定

[目的]建立HPLC法测定不同产地及不同药用部位延龄草中延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3的含量。[方法]以UItimateXB-C18(4.6mm×150 mm,3μm)为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(10%～100%梯度,0～50 min),检测波长为203 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min,柱温30℃。[结果]延龄草皂苷B2、B1、B3分别在0.1～2.0 mg/ml(R=0.999 6)、0.05～2.0 mg/ml(R=0.999 4)、0.05～3.5 mg/ml(R=0.998 9)范围内与峰面积的线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为97.8%(RSD=1.19%)、102.6%(RSD=1.62%)和101.5%(RSD=2.38%)。不同产地及不同药用部位中延龄草皂苷B2、B1和B3的含量差异较大。[结论]该测定方法简便、准确、重现性好,可有效地评价不同产地及不同药用部位延龄草药材的质量。

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum

Aim To establish reliable methods for evaluating the quality of rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum( Huzhang in Chinese). Methods TLC and HPLC were employed for the chemical identification and content determination,respectively. Results A qualitative TLC method and a quantitative HPLC method with piceid as the reference substance were established, respectively. With piceid as the reference substance and ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid-water ( 19:3:0.5:1) as the mobile phase, a TLC method for the identification of Huzhang from the commonly used crude drugs of the same family was also set up. Conclusion The established TLC method can reasonably appraise the quality of the drug and easily distinguish Huzhang from the other commonly used crude drugs of the same family. The HPLC method for determining piceid is simple, reproducible, accurate, and feasible.

香附黄酮的体外抗氧化活性研究

[目的]对香附黄酮的抗氧化作用进行研究。[方法]以浓度95%乙醇为溶剂,水浴回流提取香附中的黄酮,然后采用比色法测定香附黄酮对DPPH.、.OH和O2-.3种自由基的清除作用以及还原能力。[结果]香附黄酮对3种自由基都有明显的清除作用,清除能力大小顺序为DPPH.>.OH>O2-.;清除率与浓度存在明显的量效关系,当黄酮浓度为0.4 mg/L时,其对O2-.的清除率为25.5%,DPPH.的为67.0%,.OH的为28.5%;还原Fe3+能力随黄酮的浓度增加而增强。[结论]香附黄酮具有较强的抗氧化活性。

施肥对半夏生长·产量和质量的影响研究

[目的]研究施肥对半夏生长状况、产量和质量的影响,为半夏的规范化栽培提供依据。[方法]试验主要针对过磷酸钙的施肥水平进行研究,按施肥量和用种量的配比设4个处理,收获后测定产量和主要成分含量,研究不同施肥水平对半夏产量和质量的影响。[结果]施肥水平对半夏的生长影响差异不明显,对半夏质量影响差异明显。肥料1和4的半夏产量、净增重和增重率之间的差异不大,但明显高于肥料2和3;不同施肥水平半夏药材的水分、灰分、水浸物含量和总酸含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),而肥料1和肥料3半夏的总生物碱含量高于其他2个处理。[结论]施用过磷酸钙对半夏产量和质量影响不明显,因此生产上不使用化肥,以农家肥作底肥就能满足半夏生长需要。

大黄有效期的研究

[目的]对中药材大黄的有效期进行研究。[方法]选用易氧化变色的大黄,通过经典恒温试验,采用HPLC测定大黄酸、大黄素、大黄素甲醚、芦荟大黄素的含量,并研究该药有效成分含量的变化规律。[结果]经典恒温法测定的大黄酸、大黄素、大黄素甲醚、芦荟大黄素含量变化符合一级反应规律。在20℃的储藏条件下,大黄有效成分的含量变化速度常数为K=1.585×10-5,该批大黄有效期为687 d。[结论]用经典恒温法预测中药材大黄有效期,结论可靠。

蜘蛛香不同部位中总缬草三酯含量测定

[目的]建立一种测定蜘蛛香中总缬草三酯含量的新方法。[方法]以缬草三酯为标准品,在测定波长256 nm条件下,采用紫外分光光度法测定蜘蛛香中总缬草三酯的含量。[结果]缬草三酯在5～25μg/ml范围内浓度与吸光度的线性关系良好(R=0.999 8),精密度RSD为0.07%,稳定性RSD为0.77%,重复性RSD为1.73%,平均回收率为99.55%;蜘蛛香根中总缬草三酯的含量为3.048%;蜘蛛香根茎中总缬草三酯的含量为2.219%;蜘蛛香根茎及根中总缬草三酯的含量为2.676%。[结论]该方法准确、快速、重复性好,可用于蜘蛛香中总缬草三酯含量的测定。

高良姜的挥发性成分研究

[目的]对高良姜的挥发性成分进行分析。[方法]采用同时蒸馏萃取GC-MS联用技术对高良姜的挥发性成分进行分析研究。[结果]从高良姜中分离鉴定了72个挥发性成分,主要成分为1,8-桉油精、α-萜品烯基乙酸酯、香榧醇、异长叶烯和喇叭烯等,相对含量分别为38.54%、6.55%、7.74%、3.64%和3.93%。[结论]同时蒸馏萃取法提供的高良姜挥发物信息比水蒸气蒸馏法、顶空加热法提供的信息更丰富,结合这3种方法可以建立更完善的高良姜挥发性成分GC-MS表征体系。

山豆根总生物碱的超声提取工艺

[目的]筛选山豆根总生物碱的最佳提取工艺。[方法]以山豆根为原料,利用超声波技术提取山豆根总生物碱,通过单因素试验(考察因素:乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取次数)和L9(34)正交试验设计,对山豆根总生物碱的提取工艺进行优化。[结果]单因素试验结果显示,4个考察因素的最佳工艺为:乙醇浓度40%、料液比1∶25(g/ml)、提取时间2 h、提取2次,此时得到的总生物碱含量最高。正交试验结果显示,影响山豆根总生物碱提取含量的各因素主次顺序为:乙醇浓度(A)>提取时间(C)>料液比(B)>提取次数(D),超声提取的最佳工艺为:乙醇浓度40%、料液比1∶20(g/ml)、提取时间1.5 h、提取2次,在此条件下,山豆根总生物碱的提取含量为16.713 7 mg/g。[结论]该方法优化了山豆根总生物碱的超声提取工艺,为山豆根总生物碱的进一步研究奠定基础。