The synthesis of new indoloannulated thiopyranethiones is reported. The key-step is a rhodium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of alkynyl-ynamides with carbon disulfide to close the pyrrole and the thiopyranethione...The synthesis of new indoloannulated thiopyranethiones is reported. The key-step is a rhodium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of alkynyl-ynamides with carbon disulfide to close the pyrrole and the thiopyranethione rings simultaneously. A violet idolothiopyrane thione or a mixture of the violet and a red isomer result from [RhCl(C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>14</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>/3BINAP catalyzed cycloadditions, the regiochemistry is controlled by the substitution pattern on the alkynyl-ynamide.展开更多
Although metallic rhodium(Rh)is regarded as a promising platinum-alternative anode catalyst of direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC),the conventional"particle-to-face"contact model between Rh and matrix largely li...Although metallic rhodium(Rh)is regarded as a promising platinum-alternative anode catalyst of direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC),the conventional"particle-to-face"contact model between Rh and matrix largely limits the overall electrocatalytic performance due to their insufficient cooperative effects.Herein,we report a controllable and robust heterointerface engineering strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of rhombic Rh nanosheets in situ confined on Ti_3C_(2)T_x MXene nanolamellas(Rh NS/MXene)via a convenient stereoassembly process.This unique design concept gives the resulting 2D/2D Rh NS/MXene heterostructure intriguing textural features,including large accessible surface areas,strong"face-toface"interfacial interactions,homogeneous Rh nanosheet distribution,ameliorative electronic structure,and high electronic conductivity.As a consequence,the as-prepared Rh NS/MXene nanoarchitectures exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic methanol oxidation properties in terms of a large electrochemically active surface area of 126.2 m~2 g_(Rh)~(-1),a high mass activity of 1056.9 mA mg_(Rh)-~1,and a long service life,which significantly outperform those of conventional particle-shaped Rh catalysts supported by carbon black,carbon nanotubes,reduced graphene oxide,and MXene matrixes as well as the commercial Pt nanoparticle/carbon black and Pd nanoparticle/carbon black catalysts with the same noble metal loading amount.Density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that the direct electronic interaction at the well-contacted 2D/2D heterointerfaces effectively enhances the adsorption energy of Rh nanosheets and induces a left shift of the d-band center,thereby making the Rh NS/MXene configuration suffer less from CO poisoning.This work highlights the importance of rational heterointerface design in the construction of advanced noble metal/MXene electrocatalysts,which may provide new avenues for developing the next-generation DMFC devices.展开更多
如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量...如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。展开更多
A new process recycling rhodium from organic waste containing rhodium in acetic acid industry is developed. Use the special affinity of base metal sulfides (FeS, Ni2S3 , CuS, etc.) on platinum group metals, adopting h...A new process recycling rhodium from organic waste containing rhodium in acetic acid industry is developed. Use the special affinity of base metal sulfides (FeS, Ni2S3 , CuS, etc.) on platinum group metals, adopting high nickel matte trapping-aluminothermic activation method to recovery rhodium from incinerator residue of organic rhodium waste. The method is shorter process, lower equipment requirement, and the higher activity of rhodium black. In pyrometallurgy enrichment process,the recovery rate of rhodium reached 94.65%, the full flow of rhodium recovery rate was 92.04%.展开更多
Organic cation and halide anion defects are omnipresent in the perovskite films,which will destroy perovskite electronic structure and downgrade the properties of devices.Defect passivation in halide perovskites is cr...Organic cation and halide anion defects are omnipresent in the perovskite films,which will destroy perovskite electronic structure and downgrade the properties of devices.Defect passivation in halide perovskites is crucial to the application of solar cells.Herein,tiny amounts of trivalent rhodium ion incorporation can help the nucleation of perovskite grain and passivate the defects in the grain boundaries,which can improve efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.Through first-principle calculations,rhodium ion incorporation into the perovskite structure can induce ordered arrangement and tune bandgap.In experiment,rhodium ion incorporation with perovskite can contribute to preparing larger crystalline and uniform film,reducing trap-state density and enlarging charge carrier lifetime.After optimizing the content of 1% rhodium,the devices achieved an efficiency up to 20.71% without obvious hysteresis,from 19.09% of that pristine perovskite.In addition,the unencapsulated solar cells maintain 92% of its initial efficiency after 500 h in dry air.This work highlights the advantages of trivalent rhodium ion incorporation in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells,which will promote the future industrial application.展开更多
The hydrosilylation of alkenes with triethoxysilane has been achieved at 120 C in the presence of 0.01 mol%of thioetherfunctionalized MCM-41 anchored rhodium complex,affording the corresponding addition products in 68...The hydrosilylation of alkenes with triethoxysilane has been achieved at 120 C in the presence of 0.01 mol%of thioetherfunctionalized MCM-41 anchored rhodium complex,affording the corresponding addition products in 68-91%yields.This supported rhodium complex can be reused several times without noticeable loss of activity.Our system not only solves the basic problems of catalyst separation and recovery,but also avoids the use of phosphine ligands.展开更多
文摘The synthesis of new indoloannulated thiopyranethiones is reported. The key-step is a rhodium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-cycloaddition of alkynyl-ynamides with carbon disulfide to close the pyrrole and the thiopyranethione rings simultaneously. A violet idolothiopyrane thione or a mixture of the violet and a red isomer result from [RhCl(C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>14</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>/3BINAP catalyzed cycloadditions, the regiochemistry is controlled by the substitution pattern on the alkynyl-ynamide.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11872171 and 22209037)the Project on Excellent Post-graduate Dissertation of Hohai University。
文摘Although metallic rhodium(Rh)is regarded as a promising platinum-alternative anode catalyst of direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC),the conventional"particle-to-face"contact model between Rh and matrix largely limits the overall electrocatalytic performance due to their insufficient cooperative effects.Herein,we report a controllable and robust heterointerface engineering strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of rhombic Rh nanosheets in situ confined on Ti_3C_(2)T_x MXene nanolamellas(Rh NS/MXene)via a convenient stereoassembly process.This unique design concept gives the resulting 2D/2D Rh NS/MXene heterostructure intriguing textural features,including large accessible surface areas,strong"face-toface"interfacial interactions,homogeneous Rh nanosheet distribution,ameliorative electronic structure,and high electronic conductivity.As a consequence,the as-prepared Rh NS/MXene nanoarchitectures exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic methanol oxidation properties in terms of a large electrochemically active surface area of 126.2 m~2 g_(Rh)~(-1),a high mass activity of 1056.9 mA mg_(Rh)-~1,and a long service life,which significantly outperform those of conventional particle-shaped Rh catalysts supported by carbon black,carbon nanotubes,reduced graphene oxide,and MXene matrixes as well as the commercial Pt nanoparticle/carbon black and Pd nanoparticle/carbon black catalysts with the same noble metal loading amount.Density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that the direct electronic interaction at the well-contacted 2D/2D heterointerfaces effectively enhances the adsorption energy of Rh nanosheets and induces a left shift of the d-band center,thereby making the Rh NS/MXene configuration suffer less from CO poisoning.This work highlights the importance of rational heterointerface design in the construction of advanced noble metal/MXene electrocatalysts,which may provide new avenues for developing the next-generation DMFC devices.
文摘如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program): (2012AA063203, 2012AA063204, 2012AA063207)
文摘A new process recycling rhodium from organic waste containing rhodium in acetic acid industry is developed. Use the special affinity of base metal sulfides (FeS, Ni2S3 , CuS, etc.) on platinum group metals, adopting high nickel matte trapping-aluminothermic activation method to recovery rhodium from incinerator residue of organic rhodium waste. The method is shorter process, lower equipment requirement, and the higher activity of rhodium black. In pyrometallurgy enrichment process,the recovery rate of rhodium reached 94.65%, the full flow of rhodium recovery rate was 92.04%.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education of China(IRT1148)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1732126,11804166,51602161,51372119)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630587)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(YX03001)Guangdong Science and Technology Program(2017B030314002)Graduate Research Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(KYCX18_0863,KYCX18_0847,KYCX18_0869)。
文摘Organic cation and halide anion defects are omnipresent in the perovskite films,which will destroy perovskite electronic structure and downgrade the properties of devices.Defect passivation in halide perovskites is crucial to the application of solar cells.Herein,tiny amounts of trivalent rhodium ion incorporation can help the nucleation of perovskite grain and passivate the defects in the grain boundaries,which can improve efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.Through first-principle calculations,rhodium ion incorporation into the perovskite structure can induce ordered arrangement and tune bandgap.In experiment,rhodium ion incorporation with perovskite can contribute to preparing larger crystalline and uniform film,reducing trap-state density and enlarging charge carrier lifetime.After optimizing the content of 1% rhodium,the devices achieved an efficiency up to 20.71% without obvious hysteresis,from 19.09% of that pristine perovskite.In addition,the unencapsulated solar cells maintain 92% of its initial efficiency after 500 h in dry air.This work highlights the advantages of trivalent rhodium ion incorporation in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells,which will promote the future industrial application.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20862008)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.2008GQH0034) for financial support
文摘The hydrosilylation of alkenes with triethoxysilane has been achieved at 120 C in the presence of 0.01 mol%of thioetherfunctionalized MCM-41 anchored rhodium complex,affording the corresponding addition products in 68-91%yields.This supported rhodium complex can be reused several times without noticeable loss of activity.Our system not only solves the basic problems of catalyst separation and recovery,but also avoids the use of phosphine ligands.
