Mechanized rice direct seeding is a cost-effective and efficient approach for rice cultivation.Recently,the use of rice direct seeding has been increasing rapidly owing to rural labour shortages and continuous increas...Mechanized rice direct seeding is a cost-effective and efficient approach for rice cultivation.Recently,the use of rice direct seeding has been increasing rapidly owing to rural labour shortages and continuous increases in agricultural production costs.This article reviews the research and application progress of mechanized rice direct seeding including direct seeding technologies,precision rice seeding,precision rice seed-metering devices,key supporting agronomy technologies for mechanized rice direct seeding.South China Agricultural University developed precision rice hill-drop drilling(PRHDD)with synchronous furrowing and ridging technology and series machines for paddy that affords remarkable advantages in terms of saving time and labour,higher yield,and higher efficiency.In this approach,pre-germinated seeds are uniformly hill-dropped in the expected positions in puddled soil.It significantly improved the crop growth population and effectively solved the problems of high frequency of disease and pests caused by the irregular distribution of rice seeds with manual broadcasting,and generally reduces seed usage and increases the yield.Therefore,this technology has broad application prospects and great potential for promoting the development of mechanized rice direct seeding in China.展开更多
Rice precision hill-drop drilling technique in dry land uses fixed hill spacing to achieve orderly planting of crops and to attain good ventilating and day-lighting effects in rice fields.The technique is also benefic...Rice precision hill-drop drilling technique in dry land uses fixed hill spacing to achieve orderly planting of crops and to attain good ventilating and day-lighting effects in rice fields.The technique is also beneficial in improving root growth and root structure and in increasing lodging resistance.The high-yield record of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corp’s first division for three consecutive years shows that rice precision hill-drop drilling technique in dry land is one of the important directions to developed rice cultivating mechanization technology.To further improve the quality of rice precision hill-drop drilling machine for dry land,a single profiling,electro-hydraulic proportional real-time adjustment of system was developed according to the agronomic requirements.This machine can simultaneously finish various kinds of seedbed leveling,furrowing and seeding operations,as well as soil covering and pressing.Electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulation makes an AMESim simulation test and analyzes the stability and error of hydraulic adjusting planting distance.Bench testing was carried out on the metering device by simultaneously employing high speed photography technology and analyzing the relationship of the high speed of hill distance and seed charge height.Finally,machine trial was completed.The two-year field experiments of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corp showed that when the machine operation speed is 2.8-3.2 km/h,the sowing depth percent of pass is 75%or higher,the qualified rate of row spacing is 80%or more,the pass rate of row spacing is 90%or higher,and the quantity per hill is 75%or higher.This machine met the various indicators of hill sowing quality requirements.展开更多
为满足水稻直播精量排种的需要,在勺轮式排种器基础上,设计了一种气吹异形孔勺轮式水稻穴播排种器。在确定最佳排种转速与最佳清种方式情况下,用4种不同型孔的排种盘,与不同气吹压力和气吹角度相配合,对培两优98与Ⅱ优8006,2种杂交水稻...为满足水稻直播精量排种的需要,在勺轮式排种器基础上,设计了一种气吹异形孔勺轮式水稻穴播排种器。在确定最佳排种转速与最佳清种方式情况下,用4种不同型孔的排种盘,与不同气吹压力和气吹角度相配合,对培两优98与Ⅱ优8006,2种杂交水稻进行穴播排种试验。试验结果表明：2种稻种在4个型孔下的各项排种指标均达穴播要求,坡状型孔的穴粒合格率和穴距合格率两项指标在4种型孔中最优,梯形孔的穴距标准差和穴距变异系数两项指标在4种型孔中最优。气吹压力范围在1-1.05 k Pa之间,气吹角度在40°-45°之间,4种型孔穴粒合格率可达93%以上,穴距合格率可达92%以上。通过水稻直播机样机田间试验,验证了排种器和直播机设计参数的准确性和整机传动的可行性,排种性能满足水稻穴直播的农艺要求。展开更多
基金The authors wish to acknowledge the funding from National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX201700083)Introduction of the International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology Program(948 plan)(Project No.2016-X24)+1 种基金Commonweal Project(Project No.201203059)13th Five-year Plan National Key Research Program(Project No.2017YFD0700503-2).
文摘Mechanized rice direct seeding is a cost-effective and efficient approach for rice cultivation.Recently,the use of rice direct seeding has been increasing rapidly owing to rural labour shortages and continuous increases in agricultural production costs.This article reviews the research and application progress of mechanized rice direct seeding including direct seeding technologies,precision rice seeding,precision rice seed-metering devices,key supporting agronomy technologies for mechanized rice direct seeding.South China Agricultural University developed precision rice hill-drop drilling(PRHDD)with synchronous furrowing and ridging technology and series machines for paddy that affords remarkable advantages in terms of saving time and labour,higher yield,and higher efficiency.In this approach,pre-germinated seeds are uniformly hill-dropped in the expected positions in puddled soil.It significantly improved the crop growth population and effectively solved the problems of high frequency of disease and pests caused by the irregular distribution of rice seeds with manual broadcasting,and generally reduces seed usage and increases the yield.Therefore,this technology has broad application prospects and great potential for promoting the development of mechanized rice direct seeding in China.
文摘Rice precision hill-drop drilling technique in dry land uses fixed hill spacing to achieve orderly planting of crops and to attain good ventilating and day-lighting effects in rice fields.The technique is also beneficial in improving root growth and root structure and in increasing lodging resistance.The high-yield record of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corp’s first division for three consecutive years shows that rice precision hill-drop drilling technique in dry land is one of the important directions to developed rice cultivating mechanization technology.To further improve the quality of rice precision hill-drop drilling machine for dry land,a single profiling,electro-hydraulic proportional real-time adjustment of system was developed according to the agronomic requirements.This machine can simultaneously finish various kinds of seedbed leveling,furrowing and seeding operations,as well as soil covering and pressing.Electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulation makes an AMESim simulation test and analyzes the stability and error of hydraulic adjusting planting distance.Bench testing was carried out on the metering device by simultaneously employing high speed photography technology and analyzing the relationship of the high speed of hill distance and seed charge height.Finally,machine trial was completed.The two-year field experiments of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corp showed that when the machine operation speed is 2.8-3.2 km/h,the sowing depth percent of pass is 75%or higher,the qualified rate of row spacing is 80%or more,the pass rate of row spacing is 90%or higher,and the quantity per hill is 75%or higher.This machine met the various indicators of hill sowing quality requirements.
文摘为满足水稻直播精量排种的需要,在勺轮式排种器基础上,设计了一种气吹异形孔勺轮式水稻穴播排种器。在确定最佳排种转速与最佳清种方式情况下,用4种不同型孔的排种盘,与不同气吹压力和气吹角度相配合,对培两优98与Ⅱ优8006,2种杂交水稻进行穴播排种试验。试验结果表明：2种稻种在4个型孔下的各项排种指标均达穴播要求,坡状型孔的穴粒合格率和穴距合格率两项指标在4种型孔中最优,梯形孔的穴距标准差和穴距变异系数两项指标在4种型孔中最优。气吹压力范围在1-1.05 k Pa之间,气吹角度在40°-45°之间,4种型孔穴粒合格率可达93%以上,穴距合格率可达92%以上。通过水稻直播机样机田间试验,验证了排种器和直播机设计参数的准确性和整机传动的可行性,排种性能满足水稻穴直播的农艺要求。
