With the development of China's social economy,transfer of rural labors,and rise of labor costs,the rice production technologies are changing from manual operation to mechanical operation.The core of mechanical ri...With the development of China's social economy,transfer of rural labors,and rise of labor costs,the rice production technologies are changing from manual operation to mechanical operation.The core of mechanical rice production is mechanical planting,while the key to mechanical planting is the seedling raising.On the basis of analyzing and studying the problems and experience of traditional mechanical transplanting of rice,a new overlapped tray seedling raising model was introduced.Main features of this model: substrate seedling raising and overlapped seedling tray.The seedling trays for seeding line are overlapped,and the overlapped trays are moved into the seedling room with controlled temperature and humidity.The temperature of the seedling room is controlled at 30-32℃,and the humidity of the seedling room is controlled at above 90%.After about 48 h,when the seedling height reaches 0.5 cm,move the seedling trays to the nursery.This model consists of one seeding center( seedling raising center) and N nurseries,to realize 1 + N seedling raising for mechanical transplanting of rice.One seeding center can provide seedlings for several hundred to several thousand hectares of mechanical transplanting of rice,and provide a new model for social services.This model could improve the quality of seedlings,increase the seedling survival rate by about 20%,reduce the seedling raising costs by 15%-20%,reduce the seedling raising risks,and greatly increase the utilization rate of the site and equipment of seedling raising center.展开更多
The plant-made seedling-growing tray cultivation technique is an effective way to improve maize yield and quality in China’s cold northern area.However,the corn seedling nursery carrier and tray cultivation technique...The plant-made seedling-growing tray cultivation technique is an effective way to improve maize yield and quality in China’s cold northern area.However,the corn seedling nursery carrier and tray cultivation technique has been proved poor in adaptability.After comparing several nursery carriers,a design for a plant-made seedling-growing tray that is suitable for maize transplantation was proposed in which rice straw was used as the primary raw material.The preparation method,processing and structural dimensions of the tray were investigated and designed,five types of plant-made seedling-growing trays with different formulations were proposed.The shear mechanical properties and the shear strength of the plant-made seedling-growing trays were tested to determine the shear force needed for cutting through trays prepared with increasing mass ratios of rice straw and the effect of the shearing rate on the shear strength.The results showed that at a shearing rate of 100 mm/min,the maximum shear force decreased gradually as the mass ratio of straw was increased and that the hardness of the tray decreased as its shear strength decreased.Under three shearing rates(100 mm/min,200 mm/min and 500 mm/min)and a blade displacement of 10 mm,the shear force was the highest at the point at which the tray was cut through;the required shear force to cut through the tray then gradually decreased.Trays with the same straw composition showed no significant influence of shearing rate on the tray’s shear strength at shearing rates of 100 mm/min,200 mm/min or 500 mm/min.This study describes a multi-tray,single-strip nursery carrier for use in plant-made seedling-growing tray cultivation and proposes a theoretical basis for the design of a rotary transplanting device,the key part of a maize plant-made seedling-growing tray transplanter.展开更多
文摘With the development of China's social economy,transfer of rural labors,and rise of labor costs,the rice production technologies are changing from manual operation to mechanical operation.The core of mechanical rice production is mechanical planting,while the key to mechanical planting is the seedling raising.On the basis of analyzing and studying the problems and experience of traditional mechanical transplanting of rice,a new overlapped tray seedling raising model was introduced.Main features of this model: substrate seedling raising and overlapped seedling tray.The seedling trays for seeding line are overlapped,and the overlapped trays are moved into the seedling room with controlled temperature and humidity.The temperature of the seedling room is controlled at 30-32℃,and the humidity of the seedling room is controlled at above 90%.After about 48 h,when the seedling height reaches 0.5 cm,move the seedling trays to the nursery.This model consists of one seeding center( seedling raising center) and N nurseries,to realize 1 + N seedling raising for mechanical transplanting of rice.One seeding center can provide seedlings for several hundred to several thousand hectares of mechanical transplanting of rice,and provide a new model for social services.This model could improve the quality of seedlings,increase the seedling survival rate by about 20%,reduce the seedling raising costs by 15%-20%,reduce the seedling raising risks,and greatly increase the utilization rate of the site and equipment of seedling raising center.
基金the financially support from the Education Department Heilongjiang Province(No.2014TD010)project of the Heilongjiang Provincial Land Reclamation Bureau(No.HNK125B-07-17)Project of the Education Department Heilongjiang Province(No.12531450)。
文摘The plant-made seedling-growing tray cultivation technique is an effective way to improve maize yield and quality in China’s cold northern area.However,the corn seedling nursery carrier and tray cultivation technique has been proved poor in adaptability.After comparing several nursery carriers,a design for a plant-made seedling-growing tray that is suitable for maize transplantation was proposed in which rice straw was used as the primary raw material.The preparation method,processing and structural dimensions of the tray were investigated and designed,five types of plant-made seedling-growing trays with different formulations were proposed.The shear mechanical properties and the shear strength of the plant-made seedling-growing trays were tested to determine the shear force needed for cutting through trays prepared with increasing mass ratios of rice straw and the effect of the shearing rate on the shear strength.The results showed that at a shearing rate of 100 mm/min,the maximum shear force decreased gradually as the mass ratio of straw was increased and that the hardness of the tray decreased as its shear strength decreased.Under three shearing rates(100 mm/min,200 mm/min and 500 mm/min)and a blade displacement of 10 mm,the shear force was the highest at the point at which the tray was cut through;the required shear force to cut through the tray then gradually decreased.Trays with the same straw composition showed no significant influence of shearing rate on the tray’s shear strength at shearing rates of 100 mm/min,200 mm/min or 500 mm/min.This study describes a multi-tray,single-strip nursery carrier for use in plant-made seedling-growing tray cultivation and proposes a theoretical basis for the design of a rotary transplanting device,the key part of a maize plant-made seedling-growing tray transplanter.
