Sheath blight, a disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn （anamorph）, has been the most economically significant disease of rice. It was frequently reported that the disease was well-controlled in integr...Sheath blight, a disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn （anamorph）, has been the most economically significant disease of rice. It was frequently reported that the disease was well-controlled in integrated rice-duck system without the employment of fungicides. However, the effecting factors behind this phenomenon were rarely reported. In this research, experiment was carried out between two treatments, rice combined with ducks （RD） and conventional rice field without ducks rearing （CK） in early season rice paddy, to investigate the variations of sclerotia in floodwater and on rice plant, microclimate 10 cm above the waterline in rice paddy and activity of protective enzymes in rice plants. The results showed that the floating sclerotia in floodwater in RD was 86-91% lower than that in CK, and adhering sclerotia in rice plant in RD was 67-78% lower than that in CK. The relative humidity tested significantly lower and light intensity tested significantly higher in RD. The temperature in the early rice growth stages in RD was slightly lower than that in CK, but it was significantly higher （32.3-36.5~C） in the middle stage rice growth stages. The polyphenoloxidase （PPO） activity in RD were lower than that in CK, but the enhanced activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL）, peroxidase （POD） and Chitinase was observed in different stages of rice growth in RD, especially the Chitinase which showed higher activity in all investigating days.展开更多
A 3D fan-out packaging method for the integration of 5G communication RF microsystem and antenna is studied.First of all,through the double-sided wiring technology on the glass wafer,the fabrication of 5G antenna arra...A 3D fan-out packaging method for the integration of 5G communication RF microsystem and antenna is studied.First of all,through the double-sided wiring technology on the glass wafer,the fabrication of 5G antenna array is realized.Then the low power devices such as through silicon via(TSV)transfer chips,filters and antenna tuners are flip-welded on the glass wafer,and the glass wafer is reformed into a wafer permanently bonded with glass and resin by the injection molding process with resin material.Finally,the thinning resin surface leaks out of the TSV transfer chip,the rewiring is carried out on the resin surface,and then the power amplifier,low-noise amplifier,power management and other devices are flip-welded on the resin wafer surface.A ball grid array(BGA)is implanted to form the final package.The loss of the RF transmission line is measured by using the RF millimeter wave probe table.The results show that the RF transmission loss from the chip end to the antenna end in the fan-out package is very small,and it is only 0.26 dB/mm when working in 60 GHz.A slot coupling antenna is designed on the glass wafer.The antenna can operate at 60 GHz and the maximum gain can reach 6 dB within the working bandwidth.This demonstration successfully provides a feasible solution for the 3D fan-out integration of RF microsystem and antenna in 5G communications.展开更多
In terms of demands of rice farming in the southern China, the information processing system and the yield measurement system that is installed in combine harvester, are designed and completed. Now the systems have be...In terms of demands of rice farming in the southern China, the information processing system and the yield measurement system that is installed in combine harvester, are designed and completed. Now the systems have been used in demonstration site in the Experiment Base of Shanghai Precision Agriculture. Based on the idea of spatial-oriented, object-oriented, user-oriented, the Farm Geographic Information System for precision farming of rice was developed, which is characterized by intelligence and visualized. The Decision-making Management System is integrated with rice growth model, expert model for rice cultivation. The DGPS, RS, GIS and intelligence sensors and computer technique were adopted in building the artificial intelligence system for measuring grain yield that is installed in combine harvester, so the combine harvester could provide the grain yield distribution map real-timely. The environmental and economic assessment shows that the precision rice farming applied in the demonstration site will benefit the society, economy and ecology greatly.展开更多
The integration of ducks into rice farming has raised concerns about possible effects on arthropod communities due to frequent predation by ducks. This paper conducted a study using three treatments, including integra...The integration of ducks into rice farming has raised concerns about possible effects on arthropod communities due to frequent predation by ducks. This paper conducted a study using three treatments, including integrated rice-duck cultivation （RD）, conventional rice cultivation （CC） and a control treatment （CK）, to investigate the impact of rice-duck farming on the diversity of arthropod communities in the field. The results revealed that arthropod numbers in both RD and CC treatments showed varying degrees of reduction when compared with the CK treatment. Arthropod individual numbers, Simpson （D） and Shannon＇s diversity index （H＇） values in RD were higher than those in CC. Arthropod individual numbers, richness index （R）, D and H＇ values in both tillering and booting phases of the late rice were significantly higher in RD treatment than those in CC treatment. Rice-duck integration system was favorable for the maintenance of arthropod diversity in the cropping field and may help to lessen the decline in abundance and diversity of rice farmland arthropods caused by the utilization of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070397)
文摘Sheath blight, a disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn （anamorph）, has been the most economically significant disease of rice. It was frequently reported that the disease was well-controlled in integrated rice-duck system without the employment of fungicides. However, the effecting factors behind this phenomenon were rarely reported. In this research, experiment was carried out between two treatments, rice combined with ducks （RD） and conventional rice field without ducks rearing （CK） in early season rice paddy, to investigate the variations of sclerotia in floodwater and on rice plant, microclimate 10 cm above the waterline in rice paddy and activity of protective enzymes in rice plants. The results showed that the floating sclerotia in floodwater in RD was 86-91% lower than that in CK, and adhering sclerotia in rice plant in RD was 67-78% lower than that in CK. The relative humidity tested significantly lower and light intensity tested significantly higher in RD. The temperature in the early rice growth stages in RD was slightly lower than that in CK, but it was significantly higher （32.3-36.5~C） in the middle stage rice growth stages. The polyphenoloxidase （PPO） activity in RD were lower than that in CK, but the enhanced activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL）, peroxidase （POD） and Chitinase was observed in different stages of rice growth in RD, especially the Chitinase which showed higher activity in all investigating days.
文摘A 3D fan-out packaging method for the integration of 5G communication RF microsystem and antenna is studied.First of all,through the double-sided wiring technology on the glass wafer,the fabrication of 5G antenna array is realized.Then the low power devices such as through silicon via(TSV)transfer chips,filters and antenna tuners are flip-welded on the glass wafer,and the glass wafer is reformed into a wafer permanently bonded with glass and resin by the injection molding process with resin material.Finally,the thinning resin surface leaks out of the TSV transfer chip,the rewiring is carried out on the resin surface,and then the power amplifier,low-noise amplifier,power management and other devices are flip-welded on the resin wafer surface.A ball grid array(BGA)is implanted to form the final package.The loss of the RF transmission line is measured by using the RF millimeter wave probe table.The results show that the RF transmission loss from the chip end to the antenna end in the fan-out package is very small,and it is only 0.26 dB/mm when working in 60 GHz.A slot coupling antenna is designed on the glass wafer.The antenna can operate at 60 GHz and the maximum gain can reach 6 dB within the working bandwidth.This demonstration successfully provides a feasible solution for the 3D fan-out integration of RF microsystem and antenna in 5G communications.
基金the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-412).
文摘In terms of demands of rice farming in the southern China, the information processing system and the yield measurement system that is installed in combine harvester, are designed and completed. Now the systems have been used in demonstration site in the Experiment Base of Shanghai Precision Agriculture. Based on the idea of spatial-oriented, object-oriented, user-oriented, the Farm Geographic Information System for precision farming of rice was developed, which is characterized by intelligence and visualized. The Decision-making Management System is integrated with rice growth model, expert model for rice cultivation. The DGPS, RS, GIS and intelligence sensors and computer technique were adopted in building the artificial intelligence system for measuring grain yield that is installed in combine harvester, so the combine harvester could provide the grain yield distribution map real-timely. The environmental and economic assessment shows that the precision rice farming applied in the demonstration site will benefit the society, economy and ecology greatly.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China ("973"Program:2011BC100406,2006CB100206)the Natural Science Foundation of China (30770403,30800134)Guangdong Science and Technology Program (2004B20101017)
文摘The integration of ducks into rice farming has raised concerns about possible effects on arthropod communities due to frequent predation by ducks. This paper conducted a study using three treatments, including integrated rice-duck cultivation （RD）, conventional rice cultivation （CC） and a control treatment （CK）, to investigate the impact of rice-duck farming on the diversity of arthropod communities in the field. The results revealed that arthropod numbers in both RD and CC treatments showed varying degrees of reduction when compared with the CK treatment. Arthropod individual numbers, Simpson （D） and Shannon＇s diversity index （H＇） values in RD were higher than those in CC. Arthropod individual numbers, richness index （R）, D and H＇ values in both tillering and booting phases of the late rice were significantly higher in RD treatment than those in CC treatment. Rice-duck integration system was favorable for the maintenance of arthropod diversity in the cropping field and may help to lessen the decline in abundance and diversity of rice farmland arthropods caused by the utilization of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
