Using self-determination theory to identify organizational interventions to support coal mineworkers’ dust-reducing practices

Advancing the application of safety and health(S&H)technologies is likely to remain a value in the mining industry.However,any information that technologies generate must be translated from the organization to the workforce in a targeted way to result in sustainable change.Using a case study approach with continuous personal dust monitors(CPDMs),this paper argues for an organizational focus on technology integration.Although CPDMs provide mineworkers with near real-time feedback about their respirable coal dust exposure,they do not ensure that workers or the organization will continuously use the information to learn about and reduce exposure sources.This study used self-determination theory(SDT)to help three mines manage and communicate about information learned from the CPDM technology.Specifically,35 mineworkers participated in two mixed-method data collection efforts to discuss why they do or do not use CPDMs to engage in dust-reducing practices.Subsequently,the data was analyzed to better understand how organizations can improve the integration of technology through their management systems.Results indicate that using the CPDM to reduce sources of dust exposure is consistent with mineworkers’self-values to protect their health and not necessarily because of compliance to a manager or mine.

Decision-making competency, self-determination, and health lifestyle in nursing students

Introduction: This study identifies and analyzes the levels of relations between decision-making competency, self-determination, and health lifestyle in nursing students. Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive research to identify the relations of nursing students’ decision-making competency, self-determination, and health lifestyle. The subjects were 187 nursing students. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and were analyzed by the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 program. Results: Decision-making competency of nursing students was 3.38 ± 0.41 points, and self-determination was 3.07 ± 0.38 points. Stress and physical exercise were the general and health-related lifestyle factors that contributed to the differences in decision-making competency. There were no differences in self-determination according to these factors. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the levels of decision-making competency and self-determination in nursing students were moderate. Further studies are recommended for the development of these core abilities in nursing students.

Passion and Self-Determination: Exploring Social Networking Site Addiction Using a Dualistic Framework

The purpose of the present study is to explore the role of behavioral/psychological constructs of passion and self-determination in the context of social networking site (SNS) addiction. The present study explored SNS addiction by employing a dualistic framework, which is an amalgam of the dualistic model of passion ([13]) and the self-determination theory (SDT;[14]). Data were collected through an online survey administered by a market research company based in the USA (N = 312). The survey consisted of items related to key constructs related to the research framework proposed (e.g., harmonious and obsessive passion). All the items included in the survey were 7-point Likerttype questions. Additionally, data related to demographics and Internet usage were collected. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to explore the relationships between passion typologies, self-determination, and SNS addiction. Structural Equation Modeling showed that harmonious passion was positively related to autonomy and relatedness, but was negatively related to competence. Obsessive passion was negatively related to autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Competence and relatedness were negatively related to SNS addiction. Obsessive passion positively influenced SNS addiction, whereas, contrary to the expectation, harmonious passion also positively influenced SNS addiction. Obsessive passion towards SNS predicted SNS addiction via three basic psychological needs, namely, autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The present study draws upon concepts of positive psychology to understand SNS addiction. The proposed theoretical framework explained 86% of the variance in terminal construct, which is SNS addiction.

Factors of Self-Determination to Return after the Long-Term Evacuation Caused by a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to clarify the factors that were relevant to an individual’s self-determination to return amidst anxiety after a long-term evacuation due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Method: Semi-structured interviews on whether to return were conducted with nine participants aged 60 - 80 years (eight males and one female) residing in areas where evacuation orders were canceled. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and inductively. Result: All participants were returning to their homes. Factors relevant to self-determination to return were represented by five categories: a desire to return 1) emerging from life-experience as a long-term evacuee, 2) retained after obtaining information about the original place of residence, 3) acquired from a long-term life as a refugee, 4) retained with the acceptance of the potential risks of returning, and finally 5) people’s apprehension over talking about the importance of the future of the younger generation. Discussion: These categories were based on the participants’ desire to return and they continued to maintain these thoughts by gathering information and preparing for their return after the long-term evacuation caused by the nuclear accident. It was suggested that the risk perception and the norm in that age group could be among the factors that promoted the choice in maintaining the desire to return.

Self-determinate evaluation method based on condition of weights non-dictatorial rate

The condition of weightes non-dictatorship is extended and a comprehensive evaluae method emboding self-determinate which is combined with competitive view optimization principles is built. The basic process includes simulating the model of economic man＇s self-benefit bahaviors, taking the place of experts to evaluate, bringing in the model of minimizing the sum of included angles to integrate the information of multiple objects and put the objects in order finally. The method has the advangtages of less dependendence on the subjective information, plenty of information, fair process and simple caculating. Finally, an application example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The Analysis of the Refugee Determination System of China in the New International Situation

The refugee determination system directly affects whether or not an asylum seeker can obtain a country’s legal protection. The rational construction of China’s refugee determination system is not only the need to comply with China’s obligations under the International Refugee Convention, but also the requirement for the protection of the legitimate rights of refugees in China. Under the current framework of international law and domestic law, we should gradually improve China’s legal system of refugee status determination, and we should determine refugee screening agencies and define their division of labor and powers rationally, according to the actual situation of China. In the meantime, we should attach importance to undertaking China’s international obligations and strengthening international cooperation in refugee relief.

Self-Care Activities among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Morocco: Prevalence and Determinants

Background: Self-care is an important, though often neglected, area of type 2 diabetes management in lower and middle income countries (LMICs). In Morocco, whilst the evolution of the disease is increasing rapidly, evidence documenting disease self-care patterns remains scarce. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes in Morocco, and to identify the factors associated with good self-care practices. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data of 406 patients aged 30 years old and over, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 6 months. Self-care activities were assessed using the Moroccan version of the Summary of diabetes self-care activities. Studied factors included socio-demographics, disease features and healthcare use. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. Results: Mean age was 55.8 ± 11.6 years old. Females represented 68.7% of the respondents. Mean estimates of the frequency of self-care practices exceeded 3.5 days per week for diet, exercise and foot-care;of these, good dietary behavior was the most prevalent (63.6%). In multivariate analysis, females displayed better dietary behavior (OR = 1.81 [1.27 - 2.58]), and less frequent foot care (OR = 1.81 [1.27 - 2.58]) than males. Lower levels of exercise were associated with being female (0.42 [0.26 - 0.68]), and belonging to the higher income category (0.55 [0.34 - 0.88]). Residents in rural areas also reported better exercise practices (1.72 [1.07 - 2.78]). Conclusion: This study draws attention to self-care practices and their determinants in the Moroccan context. Such findings should help in the design, implementation, and evaluation of self-management interventions for people with type 2 diabetes.

The Contributing Factors of Black Women's Devotion to Self-empowerment in the Later Civil Rights Movement

From the beginning the civil rights movement,black women had thrown themselves into the fighting for racial liberation.However,since the mid-1960s black women began to pay more attention to their own empowerment for many intricate and complex reasons.This paper focuses on what resulted in gradual shifting of black women to self-empowerment.

论客体对数据基本产权和分类确权的决定作用

数据二十条构建了基本数据产权,但要进一步确权立法,必须依据数据关系客体的不同对数据基本产权作出总体规定,并应根据客体类型作出分别规定。数据及其产品是新型民事关系客体,可被多人同时使用,其财产关系依合同产生具有相对性,这一客观规律决定数据产权为不同于所有权的有限产权。数据产权包括人格性权利和财产性权利,财产性权利以人格性权利为基础。数据确权立法的基本框架包括数据流通中当事人享有的数据持有权、加工使用权、数据产品经营权等基本数据财产权,著作类电子产品当事人的权利,数据直接生成产品当事人的权利,货币结算与比特币的规定,法院管辖、涉外法律适用、仲裁等内容。

数据主权主体论

数字经济飞速发展催生数据主权,深刻影响国家数据安全和全球数据治理实践。出于管辖、隐私和商业利益等因素考量,现有研究分别提出了国家、个人和企业三类数据主权归属主体,模糊了国家作为唯一主权者的权威身份。通过追溯历史、分析现状可以发现,个人与企业不可能成为数据主权的行使主体,个人和企业的利益诉求可用个人信息权利、企业数据权利等制度安排以蔽之,无论从性质上还是内容上讲,都不属于数据主权的范畴。对于个人而言,其主权主张滥觞于信息自决权,且个人缺乏对海量数据的掌控能力,个人作为数据的产生者并非理所当然是数据的所有者和主权者;对于企业而言,其因数据分析和处理能力获取的数据权力使之仅处于支配地位而非法律地位,更不能将其提升至主权地位,企业依旧是被监管者。事实上,自博丹以来的主权学说和国家间主权实践确立了国家不可动摇的主权者地位,在虚拟空间维护国家安全和人民利益的主权责任只有国家能够承担,受新一轮产业技术革命赋能的多元主体作用的提升并未侵蚀主权,相反,国家数据主权在应对新问题、新挑战的过程中获得了增强。

数据要素流通与安全的研究范畴与未来发展趋势

针对数据从信息技术时代的受控共享向数据技术时代的数据要素泛在流通演化的趋势,分析了数据共享与数据要素流通的差异,阐述了什么样的数据才能成为数据要素,提出了数据成为数据要素所必须具有的6个属性,定义了数据要素流通模型及主要环节,明确了数据要素流通的研究范畴,梳理了数据要素流通研究范畴的相关概念,厘清了研究范畴所涵盖的关键核心技术,并对未来需要突破的关键技术进行了展望。

个人信息数据财产化及其确权授权模式构建

个人信息数据确权授权若适用传统人格标识财产化模式,要么导致基础权益错配,要么造成流转效用受阻。通过对财产价值溯源可以发现,个人信息存在原始数据、数据集合、衍生数据三种形态。原始数据非对人“有用的财物”,不构成财产权客体,但因其是个人信息的比特化表达,所以在数字空间中,个人信息权需以其为行权媒介;而数据集合与衍生数据则是数据财产权客体。数据三形态厘清了个人信息权、个人信息数据使用权及数据财产权的差序格局。个人信息数据的商业利用以个人信息权为基础,基于人格自决形成以信息主体同意为路径的许可机制。同意为准法律行为,许可生成低自由度的个人信息数据使用权,该权区别于处理者的数据财产权,需引入告知允诺之债和法定信义义务,以保护信息主体在同意许可中的信赖。

脑卒中康复期病人自我倡权体验的质性研究

目的:了解脑卒中康复期病人自我倡权体验,为临床采取针对性措施提供参考。方法:采用现象学法对15例脑卒中康复期病人进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈内容进行总结和提取。结果:总结出自我倡权意识薄弱、自我倡权积极度水平不一、自我倡权过程中存在阻碍、突发公共卫生事件影响4个主题。结论:脑卒中康复期病人自我倡权意识薄弱、能力不足,医护人员可运用自身专业知识开展健康宣教,对病人提供支持和协助,探索自我倡权能力提升策略,促进脑卒中病人自我倡权水平的提高。

国际基于自我决定理论的儿童青少年体育活动研究现状与展望

为考察国际基于自我决定理论的儿童青少年体育活动研究的发展脉络和最新进展,运用科学计量学中的关键词共现、关键词聚类和可视化技术等方法对2000—2022年Web of Science核心合集数据库相关研究文献进行分析。结果发现:中国在亚洲国家中产出领先;历年研究呈现从宏观到微观、从单一到多重、从横断到纵横结合、从解决到预防、从验证到应用、从开拓到回顾的发展趋势,最新研究体现出重视结构化问卷、研究设计联系实际情境和纳入各种心理学变量的特点;已有研究存在针对特殊群体、干预的作用路径、系统化干预项目设计方法等方面的局限。对我国相关研究的启示:对热度仍持续的主题继续优化研究设计;对基本达到饱和的主题结合实际推进本土研究;利用多重变量关系路径、多元干预模型、跨情境研究、横向与纵向相结合等开展实证研究;编制、修订中国版的相关问卷。

美国对自决原则的立场演变分析

自决原则兴起于两次世界大战期间,是二战后确立的国际规则体系的主要内容之一,但在冷战特别是后冷战时期面临着日益严峻的冲击和挑战。本文以两次世界大战期间、二战结束初期、非殖民化及冷战时期、后冷战时期等国际秩序发生重大变动的四个时期为基础,结合自决原则兴起、制度化、扩散和重塑等不同阶段,分析美国在霸权的不同时期对待自决原则的立场和行动差异。在自决理念的兴起阶段,虽然美国与苏联都是该理念的重要倡导者,但是威尔逊与列宁所倡导的自决理念存在重大的差异,包括自决理论的政治和意识形态起源的不同,以及对实施自决的态度差异。这决定了两次世界大战期间美国对自决原则支持的限度,也加速了美国在价值和利益层面与世界非殖民化进程的背离。自决原则在二战后的制度化及扩散阶段,美国与苏联及广大新独立国家围绕自决原则的内涵及适用性展开了激烈争论,美国公开反对新独立国家保障经济、社会和文化发展权利,以及实现经济自决的诉求。美国对自决原则最直接的挑战体现在它对该原则的修正主义立场和行动,一是将自决意识形态化和工具化,二是以“人权高于主权”对自决原则进行重塑。与美国鼓吹“以规则为基础的国际秩序”而将自身塑造为国际规则的创建者和领导者的形象不同,美国并非自决原则的唯一倡导者,而是规范争论者;既非自决原则的一贯遵守者,而是修正主义者。美国对自决原则的结果性逻辑决定了它的立场和行动。

工匠精神对员工主动变革行为的影响研究

工匠精神作为国家核心竞争力的重要支撑,日渐成为组织行为学研究领域的重点话题。基于自我一致性理论和自我决定理论,以和谐型工作激情为中介变量、领导底线心智为调节变量,从个体视角构建工匠精神影响员工主动变革行为的有调节中介模型。对在两个时间点收集到的397份有效员工样本进行分析,结果显示:工匠精神能够正向影响员工主动变革行为;和谐型工作激情在工匠精神与员工主动变革行为之间起中介作用;领导底线心智不仅负向调节工匠精神对和谐型工作激情的积极影响,而且会削弱和谐型工作激情的间接中介作用。

国家对非国家行为体行使自卫权的国际法律问题研究

随着全球化和国际事务的不断演变,非国家行为体在国际关系中的角色愈发凸显。本文探讨国家是否有权对非国家行为体行使自卫权的问题,认为国际法并未明确排除面对武力攻击时国家对非国家行为体行使自卫权的可能,同时指出尽管“不愿或不能”测试在维护受害国国家安全和非国家行为体所在领土国主权之间保持了微妙平衡,但这个学说缺乏学理支撑且国际上未形成法律确信,自卫权行使仍需遵循“必要性”和“相称性”原则。因此,在面临来自非国家行为体的武力攻击时,国家有权采取包括自卫权在内的必要行动来维护国家安全,但各国必须深化在国际和地区事务中的沟通协作,捍卫以国际法为基础的国际秩序,确保自卫权的行使符合国际社会的共同利益和国际和平与安全的目标。

删繁就简:自愿简约及其前因、后果和理论解释

自愿简约是指个人因放弃有形的物质资源的拥有和满足,在简化外部生活过程中获得内心的丰富与充盈的生活方式。个体选择自愿简约既受到个人价值观、物质主义和宗教信仰等内部因素的驱使,也受到外部因素的影响。自愿简约对个体主观幸福感和客观环境可持续性具有积极作用。当前研究主要从需要理论、自我决定理论和计划行为理论来解释自愿简约的心理机制。未来研究需要多角度拓展自愿简约的形成机制、进一步挖掘自愿简约与幸福感的关系以及深入探索其产生的多重影响。

宜人性和助人行为对遵从排斥者心理代价的影响

为探究被排斥者的自身特点与遵从排斥者心理代价间的关系,研究采用经典网络掷球范式,通过2个实验探讨了被排斥者的宜人性和助人行为对遵从排斥者心理代价的影响。实验1发现,相较于非宜人性个体,遵从他人指令排斥宜人个体的心理代价更高;实验2发现,相较于非宜人性非助人行为个体,遵从他人指令排斥宜人性助人行为个体的心理代价更高。

确保民族自决的新中国工业化(1949—1973)

从新中国成立以来至1973年“四三方案”的提出,我国工业化的主要任务一直是确保民族独立和民族自决,即从做好经济建设、提高国防能力、完成战略腹地产业备份等多个方面入手,保障国家安全、确保民族独立。这是通过一系列的战略部署和重大事件来实现的:第一,通过社会主义改造建立社会主义经济制度,为确立国家工业化的社会主义性质奠定基础。第二,做好经济建设,以发展来保安全、保自决,包括确定中国推进工业化是走优先发展重工业的道路,通过以“156项工程”为代表的项目建设、借助技术引进来快速奠定工业体系基础,促进以钢铁工业为代表的基础工业快速发展等。第三,“两弹一星”国防尖端科技产业的突破,一方面从国防实力上真正确保了民族独立;另一方面通过国防尖端产业的引领,带动了整个工业的发展、促进了工业体系的建设。第四,三线建设这个巨大的社会经济工程,一方面通过战略大后方的建设极大地增强了我国面对战争威胁的博弈力量,加大了对国家安全和民族独立的保障能力;另一方面,通过优化地区工业布局推动了区域协调,推进了我国工业化的发展。以上都为下一阶段的发展打下了制度、物质、国际环境的基础。