A Delivery Approach Modeling for Urban Freight Restocking

This paper proposes a modeling system developed in order to analyze the urban freight transport and logistics within urban and metropolitan areas. A review of models developed to simulate this segment of mobility is also reported. The review analysis highlights the limits of models for the ex-ante assessment of city logistics measures. For this reason this paper proposes a new modeling system approach for the assessment of city logistics measures. It is made of different steps approaching problems related to quantity OD （Origin-Destination） flows, restocking type OD flows, delivery OD flows, delivery OD flows for time slice and vehicle type, and vehicle OD flows. This modeling system has been specified and calibrated using some surveys carried out in the inner area of Rome where more than 500 truck drivers and more than 600 retailers have been interviewed.

Severe Trauma of Uterus and the Right Limb during a Road Accident at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Teaching Hospital Souro Sanou of Bobo-Dioulasso: A Case Report and Review of Literature

The authors reported a case of trauma with uterus rupture at 35 weeks gestation with fetal death in uterus with a trauma of the right limb injuries during a serious road accident. Aim: the aim is to show the increasing of road accident with the motorized tricycle and their many risks for pregnant woman. Case Presentation: our patient was thrown from the back cargo of a motorized tricycle (three-wheeled vehicle) after a collision with a truck in a rural area from 150 km to Bobo-Dioulasso. She sustained a closed abdominal injury and a severe right lower limb open injury. At admission in our department in the Teaching Hospital, she was conscious, shocked with hemodynamic instability, including low blood pressure (75/52 mmHg), rapid heart rate (140 pulses per minute), rapid breath rate (40 per minute), and cold extremities. Abdominal examination was painful with uterine hypertonia, 28 cm height uterus, and no fetal heart heartbeat. A laparotomy in urgency revealed a rupture of the uterus fundus with a dead fetus. A conservative surgical treatment was performed. An open trauma to the right limb was managed by the orthopedists with a good outcome. Conclusion: Accident trauma during pregnancy is becoming more and more frequent with the increase in means of transport in urban and inter urban areas. The transport ways of the pregnant woman must take into account her safety and that of the fetus.

Preservation of Human Rights as the Basis and Objective of a Modern State Governance System

A good state governance system, which features democracy, scientific decision-making, efficiency, civility and rule of law, is indispensable for realizing the Chinese Dream. As both the foundation and the objective of a good governance system, human rights protection should be integrated in all the processes of building a modern governance system. Adherence to public law in administration should be guaranteed in this connection.

Social Rights and Work on Digital Platforms in Brazil:The Case of“Breque dos Apps”

The movement known as“Breque dos Apps”was a social movement of a striker nature,which took place in Brazil in July 2020.Such movement was organized by workers which provided services to delivery apps(like iFood,Loggi,Uber Eats and Rappi).They demanded better working conditions and social protection measures,since they were out of the protection of the Brazilian legal system.The reason for this lies in the fact that there is a debate about the classification of these workers-the maximum expression of the gig economy-as employees under Brazilian legislation.As a result,and with the exponential growth in the use of these applications due to the Covid-19 pandemic,thousands of workers were left on the fringes of any social protection.This study aims to analyze the aforementioned movement and its demands within the paradigm of social rights,especially the ones regarding collective representation,which are guaranteed by the Brazilian Constitution.In terms of methodology,the content analysis method will be applied,considering that the established objective presupposes the study of theoretical and legal texts that allow the structuring of concepts applicable to the theme.The research technique to be adopted will be the analysis of indirect documentation,that is,literature review,to be carried out through bibliographic and documentary research,focused on literature and legal texts related to the topic.

Prison Management Works Hard to Bring Human Rights under Good Protection

EDITOR＇S NOTE： Human rights protection in prisons is an important part of China＇s National Human Rights Action Plan and the human rights conditions in prisons constitute an important hallmark of the human rights protection level of the country. In order to get to know more about human rights protection in this special area, this reporter paid a visit to the No. 4 Prison in Henan Province, central China.

REAL-TIME LICENSING MANAGEMENT OF SECURE MULTIMEDIA CONTENT DELIVE RY

Media Commerce is now becoming a new trend which results fr om faster development of network bandwidth and high availability of multimedia t echnologies, how to protect media content from being used in a right-violated w ay is one of most important issues to take into account. In this paper, a novel and efficient authorization and authentication Digital Rights Management (DRM) s chema is proposed firstly for secure multimedia delivery, then based on the sche ma, a real-time digital signature algorithm built on Elliptic Curve Cryptograph y (ECC) is adopted for fast authentication and verification of licensing managem ent, thus secure multimedia delivery via TCP/RTP can efficiently work with real -time transaction response and high Quality of Service (QoS) . Performance eval uations manifest the proposed schema is secure, available for real-time media s tream authentication and authorization without much effected of QoS. The propose d schema is not only available for Client/Server media service but can be easily extended to P2P and broadcasting network for trusted rights management.

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis for Drug Transport in a Curved Stenotic Right Coronary Artery

A blockage of blood vessels resulting from thrombus or plaque deposit causes serious cardiovascular diseases. This study developed a computational model of blood flow and drug transport to investigate the effectiveness of drug delivery to the stenotic sites. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the curved stenotic right coronary artery (RCA) was reconstructed based on the clinical angiogram image. Then, blood flow and drug transport with the flexible RCA wall were simulated using the fluid structure interaction (FSI) analysis and compared with the rigid RCA wall. Results showed that the maximal total displacement and von Mises stress of the flexible RCA model are 2.14 mm and 92.06 kPa. In addition, the effective injecting time point for the best performance of drug delivery was found to be between 0 s and 0.15 s (i.e., the fluid acceleration region) for both rigid and flexible RCA models. However, there was no notable difference in the ratio of particle deposition to the stenotic areas between the rigid and flexible RCA models. This study will be significantly useful to the design of a drug delivery system for the treatment of the stenotic arteries by targeting drugs selectively to the stenotic sites.

A Cool Hand on My Feverish Forehead： An Even Better Samaritan and the Ethics of Abortion

The debate concerning abortion abounds in miraculous narratives. Judith Jarvis Thomson has contrived the most celebrated set among related ones, to wit the ＂violinist analogy,＂ the ＂Good Samaritan＂ narrative, and the ＂Henry Fonda＂ allegory, by virtue of which, she intends, on the one hand, to argue that women＇s right to autonomy outweighs the alleged fetus＇s right to life, and on the other, to prove that no positive moral duties can be derived towards other persons alone from the fact that a moral agent is ascribed certain rights. What this short paper endeavors to prove is that Thomson＇s argumentation by analogy is a weak one, since neither the number nor the relevance of similarities invoked is adequate or satisfactory, while crucial parameters concerning the morality of abortion are being totally overlooked.

公序良俗在情人遗赠纠纷中的适用——基于私法与基本权利冲突理论的二元视角

遗赠是否违背公序良俗应以遗赠本身为审查对象,而不能以遗赠以外之事实为断。同时,情人遗赠行为是否违背公序良俗,尤应考察当事人一方遗赠的动机是否是将性奉献与经济上的对待给付联结起来,抑或是存在其他更值得尊重的动机。但在私法视角下,情人遗赠的效力,总是呈现出完全有效或完全无效的形态。而在基本权利冲突与权衡的视角下,各基本权利相互较量各自在具体个案中的分量,此种权衡和较量之结果体现在法律行为效力上,即既非完全有效亦非完全无效,而是在两者间存在多种可能性,因而更能适应个案中的具体情况,也更具灵活性。

The Whaling in the Antarctic Case, Applying the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling as a Self-contained Regime

The Whaling in the Antarctic Case (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand intervening) decided by the International Court of Justice (hereinafter "ICJ" or "the Court") on 31 March 2014 dealt with the interpretation of specific provisions of the 1946 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW), in particular Article VIII.1, and its complementary instruments, i.e., the Schedule and the Annexes of the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee. The decision of the Court was a remarkable good one. However, its rigorous reasoning focused almost exclusively on the required purpose of "scientific research" of the JARPA II Programme1 permits as set out in the ICRW, approaching the convention as an autonomous self-contained regime which leaves aside other additional grounds. Nonetheless, it would be beneficial for further jurisdictional developments to strengthen the scope of the ICWR system with the applicable provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and other treaties and institutions impinging on whales and whaling, e.g., CITES, Bonn Convention, Antarctic Treaty System, among others. The query remains concerning the unexplored sources of international law ruling Antarctic spaces and species which are absent in the judgment of the Court but may allow an evolutive interpretation of the ICRW.

International Cooperation and Human Rights Protection in the Fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic

The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meaning and scope of international human rights cooperation.The modern risk-laden society with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty has changed the world pattern,which calls for the building of a community with a shared future for human beings with cooperation as the starting point.Under the constant threat of the novel coronavirus,we must continue to deepen the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings,adhere to a“human rights-oriented”approach,and pay particular attention to the current supply and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine as an important global public good.Only through solidarity and cooperation can mankind finally win the battle against this pandemic and protect human rights.

论老年人的安宁疗护权及其法律保障原则

在人口老龄化的冲击下,越来越多的终末期老年患者承受着身体、精神的痛苦及尊严的减损,这也在客观上增加了老年人对安宁疗护服务的需求。近年来,安宁疗护权已逐渐获得国际认可。目前我国虽然尚未制定关于安宁疗护的国家层面立法,但是我国的宪法、法律以及政策都能够为安宁疗护权提供充分的法理基础。在我国安宁疗护地方试点先行的基础上,未来我国安宁疗护立法应当遵循多层次服务体系、患者知情选择、谨慎审查、全人照顾、多学科服务模式的法律保障原则。

受教育人权理念的嬗变:基于国际组织的经验

受教育权作为一项基本人权,对人的发展与完善具有奠基作用。20世纪中叶以来,联合国教科文等国际组织发布了有关受教育人权的系列报告,受教育人权理念经历了从“注重学会生存技能”“赋能学习化社会”到“增进全球共同利益”“重新构想教育社会契约”的嬗变,凸显了受教育人权理念内涵不断深化的政治逻辑、经济逻辑与文化逻辑、教育逻辑,充分体现了受教育人权理念对个体乃至人类命运共同体的深切关照。在充满不确定性的未来,我们在制定教育法的过程中,需要充分吸纳不断发展变化的受教育人权理念的丰富内涵,以真正保障公民受教育的权利,从而充分发挥教育的潜能与价值。

数据三权分置制度释论:底层逻辑、法理反思与法律实现

数据产权分置涵括建立数据资源持有权、数据加工使用权、数据产品经营权分置的产权运行机制,这与数据从资源到要素再到产品的价值创造规律高度契合。尽管数据产权与数据财产权存在映射关系,但财产权所构筑的人为排他性,会增加数据流通和利用的成本,对数据价值实现产生相应影响,这也给数据产权分置政策转化为法律规范带来挑战。目前从数据主体视角出发形成的单一产权或二元权利结构,与“数据产权结构性分置”之政策意蕴和方向性策略不相一致。为此,要确保数据确权不偏离政策目标并实现“三权分置”的制度功能,就需要回归到数据客体视角,探索数据价值形态梯次变化的底层逻辑,破解既有数据确权研究中的理论困境,进而对数据资源持有权、数据加工使用权、数据产品经营权的配置提供必要的制度供给。

善终权:我国台湾地区的经验与启示

我国台湾地区所谓“病人自主权利法”是对善终权的专门立法,明确尊重病人的自主并保障其善终权益,其内容主要包括贯彻病人的知情同意权、意愿人预立医疗决定、设立医疗委任代理人、病人拒绝医疗时所必经之程序的严谨等,所呈现出的特点可凝练为告知义务的对象主要是病人、仅病人本人有拒绝医疗的权限、拒绝医疗后的处置范围较广等,对我国内地地区未来善终权立法及当下之善终权相关制度的构建,立法规范善终权利主体的权利与义务、建立善终权代理制度和确立善终权的侵权责任和相关救济措施等方面,均不乏启示。

末期病患善终权之真实意思表达及其认定

近年德、日等地善终权研究重点转向病患的意思真实及其表达。意思真实表达需要满足有效告知、具备同意能力、不存在意思瑕疵三个要件。刑法视域下善终权不适用代理规则。死亡直接阶段病患真实意思容易认定;非死亡直接阶段病患处于丧失意识状态,在无生前预嘱的情形下,需特定法益主体进行事前判断,以恢复可能性和存活时间作为实体容许要件,并适用推定同意确定病患真实意思表示。我国在建立生前预嘱制度时,可建构意思真实表达的体系化结构,对于无预立医疗决定+无意思表示病患,允许有限制地适用推定同意规则。

洛克自然权利与自然秩序相协调的财产权理论

在中世纪晚期至现代早期的自然法历史中,自然法所主张的万物共有与财产私有之间的张力始终存在。17世纪,菲尔默以自然法共有秩序与私有财产权之间的张力批评格劳修斯等近代自然法学家的财产权理论。为回应菲尔默的批评,洛克一方面从人人平等原则、自我保存的自然权利以及劳动等三个方面论证自然法之下拥有财产的权利自由,另一方面主张自然法在政治社会中基于保障“非臣服”的自由而对私有财产无限积累发挥着限制力,由此,洛克财产权理论诠释了主流个人主义所忽略的“共同善”一面。这样,洛克财产权理论与中世纪以来的许可性自然法传统仍然保持了连续性,其财产权理论中的自然秩序与自然权利得以协调。

“数商兴农”背景下中国农产品直播带货存在的问题及对策

近年来,互联网农业正式走入人们的视野,农村电子商务快速发展,直播电商赋能农产品上行,农产品直播带货成为一种新的营销模式。为促进农产品直播带货规范、健康、长远的发展,2022年中央一号文件提出实施“数商兴农”等工程,推进电子商务进村,既为努力做下沉市场的电商平台提供了重大机遇,为农户提供了增收的新渠道,也对电商平台的发展提出了全新的挑战。随着工程的实施,农产品直播带货的发展逐渐向好,但其发展仍存在农产品附加值低、直播间同质化严重、直播带货人才匮乏、物流体系不完善等问题。基于此,本研究从完善农产品加工业、优化直播内容与形式、加大人才培养力度、完善物流体系等方面提出具体的对策建议,推进实现农产品直播带货效益的最大化,保障其长远高质量发展,以促进农民增收助力乡村振兴,实现共同富裕。

权利优先论批判的学理剖析--以自由主义与社群主义之争为对象

在权利与善的优先性之争中,自由主义者与社群主义者的论战大致分为两个回合。在此过程中,自由主义的权利优先论从道德形而上学转向政治自由主义,而社群主义者则将其间蕴含的个人主义观念和价值中立原则作为对象分别予以批判,同时反对以权利的普遍性来否定权利的社会性和历史性,这构成其驳斥权利优先于善的学理基础。面对自由主义者与社群主义者之间的激烈争论,有必要指出破解问题的关键在于如何理解优先性,以揭示围绕权利与善何者优先论辩的实质与核心。从本质上说,仅凭在先性、基础性或支配性都不能准确阐明何为优先性。所谓优先性乃是指某种依存关系,这种优先性关系带有鲜明的辩证意味和交互特征,由此出发便可找到优先性确立的正确方式和有效路径。

论数据要素的法律性质

厘清数据要素的法律性质是发展完善数据基础制度的应有之义,对推动我国数字经济平稳发展具有重要意义。学界对数据法律属性的探讨主要形成了财产属性说、知识产权属性说、人格属性说、混合属性说、法益说、非权利客体说等观点。这些观点虽具有一定合理性,但仍存在解释缺憾,难以周延。传统的财产权客体理论无法完全解释数据要素这一新兴事物,结合数据要素自身的特点,宜将数据要素纳入“公物”范畴考量,且作为“公物”的数据要素还应当是一种公共财产,是数据财产权指向的客体。