A systematic review of steel bridge deck pavement in China

As an important part of steel bridge deck,the engineering quality and service condition of steel bridge deck pavement(SBDP)directly affects the capacity and operational efficiency of the bridge.This paper reviews the history of the development of SBDP in China over the past 20 years from the exploration stage,rapid development stage and prosperity stage.The development and application of SBDP at different stages are discussed in terms of materials,structure,design,performance evaluation,maintenance and rehabilitation,respectively.The advantages and disadvantages of different pavement materials and structures,and the application of different research methods are summarized.The review shows that the improvement of pavement materials and structures and the development of new materials should be further studied on the multi-scale to enhance the durability of pavement materials,so as to extend the service life of pavements.The design method of SBDP related to the synergistic effect of vehicle,pavement and bridge should be established,and the design concept and method standard of rigid base pavement structure should be improved and formulate a complete design standard.In addition,multi-disease intelligent identification system and equipment should be studied to track the entire course of disease development in real time.And it is necessary to develop appropriate algorithms to select and classify the complex data of disease and maintenance history.

Design and laboratory evaluation of fog-sealed chip seal on epoxy asphalt pavement for steel bridge deck

In order to improve the surface performace of epoxy asphalt pavement （EAP） for steel bridge deck, an epoxy asphalt chip seal （ ECS） covered by a cationic emulsified asphalt fog seal （i. e., fog-sealed chip seal） isproposed and a laboratory study is conducted to design and evaluate te fog-sealed chip seal. First, the evaluation indices and methods of te chip seal on steel bridge deck pavement were proposed. Secondly, the worst pavement conditions during te maintenance time were simulated by te small traffic load simulation system MMLS3 and the short-term aging test for minimizing the failure probability of chip seal. Finally, the design parameters of fog-sealed chip seal were determined by the experimental analysis and the performance of the designed fog-sealed chip seal was evaluated in thelaboratory. Results indicate that the proposed simulation method of pavement conditions is effective and the maximal load repetitions on the EAPslab specimen are approximately 925 300 times. Moreover, the designed fog-sealedchip sealcan provide a dense surface with sufficient skid resistance,aggregate-asphalt aahesive performance and interlayer shearing resistance.

Analysis on cracking of deck pavement on Jiangyin Bridge

Based on four-year field inspection and investigation on deck pavement of mastic asphalt on Jiangyin Bridge, cracking causes of mastic asphalt are studied. Cracks of deck pavement are summarized on crack length and width to get a clear view of their propagations. Traffic surveys including traffic volume, axle load and vehicle speed were also conducted to assess their influences. Samples taken on-site were tested with pulling-out test and fatigue test to benchmark their properties. According to the inspection and tests results, it is concluded that the cracks are induced by rutting and fatigue. Lack of fatigue resistance, not well bonded to the steel deck and insufficient high temperature stability are supposed to be the main reasons as well as high density of low speed, excessively overloaded trucks.

Fatigue damage analysis of epoxy asphalt pavement for steel bridges considering coupled effects of heavy load and temperature variations

To investigate the fatigue damage of epoxy asphalt pavement(EAP)under a heavy load and a d temperature load,the load-figure of the heavy load on the steel bridge deck pavement(SBDP)was simulated first,and the temperature distribution of SBDP during the temperature-fall period in winter was also calculated.Secondly,t e moving heavy load coupled W t the most unfavorable temperatre load was applied to the SBDP,and the tensile stress on the top of SBDP was calculated.Finally,the fatigue damage of EAP was evaluated considering the extreme situation of heavily overloaded and severe environments.The results show that botte heavy load and the temperature load during t e temperature-fall period c n increase the tensile stress on the top of SBDP significantly.In the exteme situation of heavily overloaded and severe environments,a fatigue crack is easily generated,and thus the SBDP should avoid t e coupling effects of the heavy loadand the temperature load in winter.

Mechanical properties of epoxy asphalt mixture pavement with lightweight aggregate applied on bascule bridge

The high temperature anti-rutting performance,water stability and low temperature bending property of epoxy asphalt mixture with 0%,15%,25%,40%,and 70% granulated and circular lightweight aggregates by weight are tested,respectively.The dynamic responses under the vehicle load and in the opening process are analyzed to obtain the mechanical responses of pavements by using the finite element method.The complicated structure including a steel deck and a waterproof adhesive layer is made to verify the bond strength of the 2451-type epoxy asphalt binder.Research results show that the epoxy asphalt mixtures with lightweight aggregate replacement percentages from 0% to 70% all satisfy the requirements for steel bridge pavements.The epoxy asphalt mixture with a 70% circular lightweight aggregate replacement percentage is recommended because of its smaller density when compared with other epoxy asphalt mixtures.The shear stress increases with the increase in the opening angle and achieves its maximum at the maximum opening angle of 85°.Test results show that the Tianjin Bascule Bridge can be used for first opening after a 3 d pavement conditioning.

Design and evaluation of UHPP steel bridge deck pavement for high-temperature and rainy regions

To enhance the serviceability of steel bridge deck pavement(SBDP)in high-temperature and rainy regions,a concept of rigid bottom and flexible top was summarized using engineering practices,which led to the proposal of a three-layer ultra-high-performance pavement(UHPP).The high-temperature rutting resistance and wet-weather skid resistance of UHPP were evaluated through composite structure tests.The internal temperature distribution within the pavement under typical high-temperature conditions was analyzed using a temperature field model.Additionally,a temperature-stress coupling model was employed to investigate the key load positions and stress response characteristics of the UHPP.The results indicate that compared with the traditional guss asphalt+stone mastic asphalt structure,the dynamic stability of the UHPP composite structure can be improved by up to 20.4%.Even under cyclic loading,UHPP still exhibits superior surface skid resistance compared to two traditional SBDPs.The thickness composition of UHPP significantly impacts its rutting resistance and skid resistance.UHPP exhibits relatively low tensile stress but higher shear stress levels,with the highest shear stress occurring between the UHPP and the steel plate.This suggests that the potential risk of damage for UHPP primarily lies within the interlayer of the pavement.Based on engineering examples,introducing interlayer gravel and optimizing the amount of bonding layer are advised to ensure that UHPP possesses sufficient interlayer shear resistance.

Pavement structure and materials design for sea-crossing bridges and tunnel:Case study of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

With the continuous development of bridge and tunnel construction technologies,large-scale sea-crossing bridges and tunnels have gradually become the preferred choice for regional traffic.The construction technology of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB),one of the most representative sea-crossing passageways,is instructive for the construction of other large sea-crossing infrastructures.At present,the pavement design method of sea-crossing passageways lacks pertinence as it still refers to specifications for design of common pavement.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the bridge and tunnel pavement of HZMB as a typical example to analyze key technical problems encountered in its design,construction and operation.Novel solutions for material selection and structural design built upon the analysis of such critical problems should thus follow up.Based on comprehensive literature research,it can be found that environmental variability,tunnel closure,structural differential settlement and expansion deformation are the key technical problems faced by pavement of sea-crossing passageways.In view of the environmental variability,the steel deck-paving material and structure design of GMA-10 t SMA-13 is innovatively proposed.As for the closure of immersed tube tunnel,warm-mix flame retardant asphalt mixture is used to control pavement design through key indexes such as temperature and limit oxygen index.Regarding the deformation of immersed pipe joints,BJ200 asphalt seamless expansion joint material is introduced,which effectively satisfies the multi-directional deformation between pipe joints and ensures the smoothness of the road surface and driving comfort.For segmental joints,double-layer waterproof-coiled material is used to effectively prevent reflective cracks while ensuring the continuity of asphalt concrete pavement.Therefore,this paper provides a panel of ideas and methods for the pavement design of the same type of sea-crossing passageways.

典型钢桥面铺装体系生命周期碳足迹分析

为了量化钢桥面铺装体系的碳排放量,应用基于过程的生命周期评价方法分析了钢桥面铺装体系的生命周期碳足迹.从材料生产、施工建造、运营管理、维修养护、废弃处置和运输6个过程构建了钢桥面铺装体系碳排放的生命周期清单数据库,采用国际平整度指数建立铺装层行驶质量衰减下的碳排放预估模型,利用SMUO仿真软件进行交通延误仿真获取相关参数以建立交通延误的碳排放模型,建立了相应的碳足迹量化框架和模型,同时对下层EA(环氧)+上层SMA(沥青玛蹄脂)典型铺装体系进行了实例分析.结果表明,维修养护和运营管理阶段贡献了碳排放总量的近80%,交通延误导致的额外碳排放约达到了碳排放总量的24%,固化剂、喷砂除锈等材料或施工工艺也分别贡献了碳排放总量的8.11%和5.42%.

Performance of steel bridge deck pavement structure with ultra high performance concrete based on resin bonding

This research investigated a pavement system on steel bridge decks that use epoxy resin(EP)bonded ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC).Through FEM analysis and static and dynamic bending fatigue tests of the composite structure,the influences of the interface of the pavement layer,reinforcement,and different paving materials on the structural performance were compared and analyzed.The results show that the resin bonded UHPC pavement structure can reduce the weld strain in the steel plate by about 32%and the relative deflection between ribs by about 52%under standard axial load conditions compared to traditional pavements.The EP bonding layer can nearly double the drawing strength of the pavement interface from 1.3 MPa,and improve the bending resistance of the UHPC structure on steel bridge decks by about 50%;the bending resistance of reinforced UHPC structures is twice that of unreinforced UHPC structure,and the dynamic deflection of the UHPC pavement structure increases exponentially with increasing fatigue load.The fatigue life is about 1.2×10^(7) cycles under a fixed force of 9 kN and a dynamic deflection of 0.35 mm,which meets the requirements for fatigue performance of pavements on steel bridge decks under traffic conditions of large flow and heavy load.

钢桥面SMA+UHPC铺装层应力有限元分析

文中依托于某钢桥,基于正交异性板+铺装层复合模型进行最不利荷载位置分析,通过分析铺装层横向应力、纵向应力、层间剪切力确定荷载作用横向和纵向最不利位置,比较双层沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料(SMA)铺装结构和沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料+超高性能混凝土(UHPC)铺装结构沿横向、纵向、竖向的应力分布,分析UHPC层厚度对铺装层应力的影响。结果表明,铺装层最不利荷载作用位置为荷载中心位于U肋和顶板交界处上方和横隔板跨中;SMA+UHPC铺装层结构能显著减小SMA层的最大拉应力,延缓SMA层开裂;UHPC层厚度增加对减小SMA层最大横向应力效果明显,而对最大纵向拉应力影响较弱。

基于足尺节段模型的正交异性钢桥面疲劳性能

为了研究正交异性钢桥面的疲劳性能,根据新结构细部焊接工艺的研究成果和合理的结构参数,设计了足尺节段疲劳试验模型,通过足尺模型试验确定不同焊接工艺下各疲劳易损细节的实际疲劳抗力。铺装层作为钢桥面板之上的行车功能层,直接承担车辆轮载。分别设计了树脂沥青铺装和浇注式沥青铺装两种铺装结构,进行武汉市江汉七桥铺装层与正交异性钢桥面板协同受力体系的模型试验,并考虑温度的影响。研究结果表明:有铺装层的钢桥面板U肋与顶板构造细节,由于铺装层与钢桥面板的协同作用,其应力幅值相较于无铺装层时显著降低;该应力幅值随着铺装层温度的升高而增大。

基于黏度的环氧沥青ESMA施工温度研究

环氧沥青在施工过程中,黏度是不断变化的,凝胶体系在内部起到控制作用。为保障环氧沥青ESMA的性能,通过精准控制其黏度来获得最佳施工工艺。采用布氏旋转黏度计,测试环氧沥青在不同温度条件下的黏度,并总结其随时间变化的特性,得出环氧沥青混合料在不同容留温度、不同容留时间、不同压实功下的成型碾压效果,为环氧沥青混合料施工温度控制及摊铺碾压关键时机的选择提供参考。

猎德大桥钢桥面铺装维修方案研究与工程实施

首先,分析了猎德大桥钢桥面铺装的病害特点。结合猎德大桥钢桥面铺装层的现状,在考虑施工时间和交通通行的情况下,开展了猎德大桥钢桥面铺装维修方案的研究。确定了保留RA05层,翻新SMA10的维修方案,同时,对猎德大桥铺装层材料进行比选,确定选用PG-100高黏改性沥青SMA10作为铺装上层,选用PG-82改性沥青作为粘结层。其次,介绍了PG-100高黏改性沥青SMA10铺装维修方案的内容和施工要点。最后,对新铺的桥面状况持续观察一年,检测结果都达到了预期目标。猎德大桥钢桥面铺装维修方案为类似工程提供了参考。

钢桥面铺装体系用环氧重防腐涂料制备与研究

近年来部分工程案例显示环氧富锌涂层在钢桥面防护效果不理想,尤其是在南方沿海的大跨径钢桥面防护中会过早发生腐蚀破坏,主要原因是富锌涂料中的锌粉在高湿热、高温环境下与水气反应而失效,另一方面富锌涂料颜料体积浓度(PVC)高,脆性大,渗透能力弱,在车载压力下容易与基材、中间层滑移等。本文采用韧性环氧树脂、增韧剂、柔性固化剂制备了一种高韧性非锌环氧重防腐涂料,通过拉伸试验、耐热盐水浸泡试验、盐雾试验、高温附着力等方法研究了其力学性能和防腐性能。结果表明,采用聚氨酯增韧改性环氧树脂SLpu、低相对分子质量聚氨酯改性环氧树脂增韧剂Dslu以及复配固化剂[m(聚醚胺固化剂T)∶m(柔性固化剂F)=5∶1]制备的高韧性非锌环氧重防腐涂料拉伸性能、耐盐雾性能和耐热盐水性能优异,尤其是耐热盐水性能远超于环氧富锌涂料,更适合南方沿海高湿环境大跨径钢桥面铺装体系的防护,对解决目前钢桥面防护体系使用寿命不足的问题有一定的参考意义。

环氧沥青钢桥面铺装施工技术分析

该文以清云高速公路肇云大桥的钢桥面铺装工程为例,探究环氧沥青混凝土的铺装工艺及技术要点。正式铺装前需要做好钢桥面的喷砂除锈和清洁处理,营造良好的铺装环境。然后,洒布黏结层和喷涂环氧富锌防锈漆。拌和环氧沥青混凝土,由运输车将混合料从拌和站运送到施工现场完成摊铺后,分别进行初压、复压、终压,保证摊铺料的密实度达标。最后,根据天气情况确定养护时间,养护完毕后开放通车。

钢桥面聚氨酯改性环氧树脂黏结层的受力特性

为分析钢箱梁铺装层与钢桥面黏结层间的受力特性,采用有限元软件ANASYS建立钢箱梁整桥模型,采用聚氨酯改性环氧树脂作为钢桥面铺装结构的黏结层,模拟计算分析车辆荷载工况、钢桥跨径、铺装层厚度、黏结层厚度、温度变化、水平荷载等不同因素对黏结层界面受力的影响。结果表明:正常行驶条件下,黏结层界面横向剪应力显著大于纵向剪应力,车辆荷载作用于钢箱梁间且距横隔梁纵向距离越大时黏结层界面剪应力越不利,荷载作用于钢箱梁边缘且靠近横隔梁时界面法向拉应力最不利;钢桥跨径对黏结层受力影响较小;随黏结层厚度增大,黏结层界面剪应力减小,法向拉应力增大;随铺装层厚度增大,黏结层界面剪应力和界面法向拉应力减小;随温度升高,黏结层界面应力显著减小;随摩擦因数增大,黏结层界面剪应力增大,法向拉应力变化不大。

超高韧性混凝土(STC)工作性能与力学性能的影响因素

基于室内试验,开展了硅灰种类、硅灰掺量、钢纤维种类及掺加方式等对超高韧性混凝土(STC)工作性能与力学性能的影响规律研究,试验结果表明:硅灰的加入对STC工作性能有不利影响,但锆质硅灰与白硅灰对STC工作性能影响相对较小,且掺量在20%以内时有利于提升STC力学性能;单掺钢纤维会降低STC的工作性能,其中端钩型钢纤维降低幅度最大,其次为波浪形钢纤维,平直型钢纤维影响最小;平直型长钢纤维与平直型短钢纤维混掺时STC工作性能优于单掺钢纤维,综合考虑工作性能与力学性,建议采用1.5%平直型长钢纤维与0.5%平直型短钢纤维混掺。

高韧冷拌树脂SMA混合料及其性能试验评估研究

文章通过对高韧冷拌树脂SMA混合料原材料指标分析,并对混合料强度发展规律、温度稳定性、水稳定性等各种指标进行试验研究,结果表明:高韧冷拌树脂SMA混合料强度达到60kN以上、70℃高温稳定性26002次/mm、残留稳定度91.7%、常温断裂能达到15169.30J/m^(2),四点弯曲疲劳试验800με大于100万次,各项路用性能优异,能够满足规范要求以及钢桥面铺装的苛刻的使用要求。

钢桥面铺装中环保型树脂沥青组合体系的应用

钢桥面铺装施工是钢箱梁桥施工的重难点。为探索高效适用的钢桥面铺装施工工艺,本文以某跨江公路大桥为例,提出环保型树脂沥青组合铺装方案,并对环氧黏结碎石层、树脂沥青混凝土层、SMA-13高黏改性沥青混凝土层施工控制要点进行分析探讨。结果表明,环氧黏结碎石层的设置可有效解决钢桥面板防腐并增强铺装层黏结;树脂沥青混凝土层则能保护环氧黏结胶料免受上层混凝土高温及荷载损伤;SMA-13高黏改性沥青混凝土层可为桥面提供较好的行车环境。

大跨径索承桥钢桥面铺装技术应用现状分析

大跨径索承桥钢桥面铺装存在技术难点,尤其是大跨径千米级桥梁对铺装结构的性能要求更高。为了掌握不同铺装结构之间的差异,对国内外典型钢桥面铺装结构方案及其应用进行梳理论证。结合不同铺装材料性能、不同结构组成和不同施工要求,介绍了国内外主流浇注式沥青混凝土、环氧沥青混凝土、高韧树脂混凝土和超高性能混凝土的应用效果,总结了不同铺装结构体系的使用性能特征。