Research on a Rigid Rotor-Sliding Bearing System with a Squeeze Film Damper

In this paper, a dynamic model on a rigid rotor sliding bearing system with a SFD is established. The stability and bifurcation behaviors of the system are studied. On the basis of the differential equations of fluid momentum and mass continuity, the distribution pressure function is derived by taking oil film inertia force into consideration. Damping force, clearance excitation force, interference force of different frequencies and static load are also considered in the model. Finally, the governing equations of the stability and bifurcation behaviors of the system are solved by Floquet theory. Simulation of dynamic model shows that the rigid rotor sliding bearing system can maintain stability and exhibit a Hopf bifurcation phenomenon in a certain range.

Alternating Parity Band in Octupole-Soft ^(140)Xe with Axial Vibrational-Rotational Model and Triaxial Rigid Rotor Model

Energies of the yrast positive-and negative-parity excited states in140 Xe are reproduced by two different models considering quadrupole-octupole deformations, namely the axial vibrational-rotational model and the triaxial rigid rotor model, and compared with the stable octupole-deformed222 Th. The origin of the energy difference between the opposite parity sequences is considered from two different mechanisms, the vibration in axial deformed energy minima and the rotation considering the effective triaxial deformation. The success of reproducing the data in both the models implies that these two mechanisms are equivalent on some level for the octupole-soft nuclei. By investigating the probability distributions for projection of total angular momentum in the triaxial rigid rotor model, it is found that such an energy difference is associated with the difference of orientation of the rotational axis.

STUDY ON AUTOMATIC BALANCE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RIGID ROTOR

The theory and application of automatic balance technology for the rigid rotor is re- searched. New analysis about the mechanical model of vibratory system is done in view of feature of automatic balance, and the result is that the accurate model of system can be gained by compensa- tion method and the traditional principle error of balance machines both for soft and hard bearing can be overcome. The automatic balance testing theory for sofi and hard bearing machines is pro- posed. The automatic balance system has been developed and the function and technical key is also introduced in detail.

Studies of Rigid Rotor-Rigid Surface Scattering in Dynamical Lie Algebraic Method

The dynamical Lie algebraic method is used for the description of statistical mechanics of rotationally inelastic molecule-surface scattering. It can give the time-evolution operators about the low power of a^↑ and a by solving a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations. For considering the contribution of the high power of a^↑ and a, we use the Magnus formula. Thus, with the time-evolution operators we can get the statistical average values of the measurable quantities in terms of the density operator formalism in statistical mechanics. The method is applied to the scattering of N2 (rigid rotor) by a flat, rigid surface to illustrate its general procedure. The results demonstrate that the method is useful for describing the statistical dynamics of gas-surface scattering.

Bifurcation of Periodic Motion of Rigid Rotor System Supported by Angular Contact Ball Bearings

Rotor systems supported by angular contact ball bearings are complicated due to nonlinear Hertzian contact force. In this paper, nonlinear bearing forces of ball bearing under five-dimensional loads are given, and 5-DOF dynamic equations of a rigid rotor ball bearing system are established. Continuation-shooting algorithm for periodic solutions of the nonlinear non-autonomous dynamic system and Floquet multipliers of the system are used. Furthermore, the bifurcation and stability of the periodic motion of the system in different parametric domains are also studied. Results show that the bifurcation and stability of period-1 motion vary with structural parameters and operating parameters of the rigid rotor ball bearing system. Avoidance of unbalanced force and bending moment, appropriate initial contact angle, axial load and damping factor help enhance the unstable rotating speed of period-1 motion.

Bifurcation on synchronous full annular rub of rigid-rotor elastic-support system

An aero-engine rotor system is simplified as an unsymmetrical-rigid-rotor with nonlinear-elastic-support based on its characteristics. Governing equations of the rubbing system, obtained from the Lagrange equation, are solved by the averaging method to find the bifurcation equations. Then, according to the two-dimensional constraint bi- furcation theory, transition sets and bifurcation diagrams of the system with and without rubbing are given to study the influence of system eccentricity and damping on the bi- furcation behaviors, respectively. Finally, according to the Lyapunov stability theory, the stability region of the steady-state rubbing solution, the boundary of static bifurcation, and the Hopf bifurcation are determined to discuss the influence of system parameters on the evolution of system motion. The results may provide some references for the designer in aero rotor systems.

共轴刚性旋翼气动特性试验与分析

共轴刚性旋翼直升机是高速直升机的主要发展方向之一,为了深入了解前进比及升力偏置对共轴刚性旋翼气动特性的影响,在航空工业气动院FL-52风洞开展了共轴刚性旋翼气动特性风洞试验,通过合理的操纵与配平策略,实现了共轴刚性旋翼配平,并对悬停、多种前飞状态下气动特性及升力偏置对旋翼操纵特性及性能的影响机理进行了研究。结果表明,试验取得了比较好的配平效果,桨毂力矩、合扭矩及升力偏置配平误差分别优于±2 N·m、±0.5 N·m、±0.01;悬停状态扭矩配平与非配平状态下,上旋翼效率都大于下旋翼,差动总距效率随联动总距的增大而增大;前飞状态升力偏置可有效提升大前进比时旋翼气动效率而小前进比时则并不明显,升力偏置的增大会使上下旋翼的桨毂滚转力矩大幅增加。

基于特征结构配置的电磁轴承-刚性转子系统动态补偿器的设计

由于电磁轴承-转子系统的动力学特性与控制器的结构和参数密切相关,若要使系统安全、稳定及可靠地运行,控制器的设计尤为重要。针对电磁轴承-刚性转子系统,提出一种基于特征结构配置的动态补偿器的设计方法。首先,通过模态解耦,将平动和锥动运动相互耦合的四自由度电磁轴承-刚性转子系统解耦为2个单自由度平动子系统和2个单自由度锥动子系统。然后,基于特征结构配置,建立引入动态补偿器后的闭环系统的特征值和特征向量与补偿器参数之间的关系。之后,限定特征值的变化范围,以使系统具备稳定性和良好的动态性能,构造优化目标函数,以同时抑制转子系统的不平衡位移和不平衡控制电流,从而使系统具备所需的动力特性。最后,通过数值仿真和试验,验证所设计的动态补偿器的有效性。

转子偏心效应下大范围转动弹性梁外激励非线性动力学行为与振动机制

为实现大范围转动弹性梁类柔性机械的高速、安全、平稳运行,综合应用Galerkin模态截断法和Hamilton原理建立弹性梁刚-柔耦合动力学模型,并建立转子偏心运动微分方程;基于行波叠加原理,应用高阶Runge-Kutta法完成非线性动力学解耦;应用时、频域分析法解析转子偏心效应下弹性梁的振动机制以及外激励下的频谱响应特性。研究结果表明:外激励响应在转子偏心效应下会衍生新的低频谐波分量,转速和激励幅值的增加会导致频域内多个低频谐波分量高于主振,易引发不同程度的间歇性振动;外激励频率提高会引起频域谱峰后移,数值仿真5~35 Hz频段的外激励,当频率为25 Hz时其低频谐波分量是主振幅值的2倍,高达0.181 mm,进而呈现明显的外激励突发性激振。因此,借助时、频域分析可有效解析具有随机性的间歇性或突发性振动产生机制,可为大型旋转柔性机械的动力学优化设计提供重要的理论基础和数据支持。

Experimental study and numerical simulation of isothermal closed die forging for aluminium alloy rotor

The closed die forging(or fully-enclosed die forging) method was employed to form a rotor instead of the conventional machining method. A combined female die was designed so that the rotor could be released easily from the female die after forging. In order to improve the metal flow ability, the isothermal forming technique was introduced to the closed die forging process. On the basis of the rigid-viscoplastic FEM principle, the DEFORM 3D software package was employed to simulate the forming process. The simulation results illustrate that the deformation of different part of the billet is not the same. The material near the entrance of the die cavity is deformed greatly whose strain rate and strain are both large, while the deformation of the material at the billet center is much smaller.

Nuclear Chaotic Behavior in a Two—j Shell Coupled with a Rotor Model

The chaotic properties for six particles interacting by a monopolc pairing force in a two-.j stiell modelcoupled with a deformed core are studied in the frame of particle-rotor model. The nearest-neighbor distribution ofenergy levels and spectral rigidity in the two-j shell arc compared with those in the single-j case. The result, s show thatthe system is more regular in the two-j model than that in the single-j case.

Energy Level Statistics in Particle—Rotor Model

Energy level statistics of a system consisting of six particles interacting by delta force in a two-j modelcoupled with a deformed core is studied in particle-rotor model. For single-j shell (i13/2) and two-j shell (g7/2 + d5/2)the exact energies for our statistical analysis are obtained from a full diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, while in two-jcase (i13/2 + g9/2) the configuration truncation is used. The nearest-neighbor distribution of energy levels and spectralrigidity are studied as the function of spin. The results of single-j shell are compared with those in two-j case. It isshowed that the system becomes more regular when single-j space (i13/2) is replaced by two-j shell (g7/2 +d5/2) althoughthe basis size of the configuration space is unchanged. The degree of chaoticity of the system, however, changes slightlywhen configuration space is enlarged by extending single-j shell (i13/2) to two-j shell (i13/2 + g9/2).

高性能梳棉机锡林结构设计研究

为了提高梳棉机锡林转速并减小对其组成机件及工艺参数的影响,在PTC Creo 5.0和ANSYS Work bench 2020 R1平台上进行锡林结构设计建模;在锡林转子系统结构设计时,通过不同材质和结构参数的锡林筒体计算模型,对比锡林质量、提出锡林筒体制造要求;通过建立锡林结构的离散化有限元模型,计算锡林转子系统的临界转速、在针布包卷张力下的变形,以及在针布包卷张力与运转离心惯性力联合作用下的变形。分析计算结果表明:设计的13个可供应用的锡林转子系统,在给定的工作转速下,其工作转速远远小于第一阶临界转速,处于刚性或准刚性转子运行状态;在针布包卷张力和运转离心惯性力联合作用下,锡林筒体的径向最大变形小于0.06 mm;锡林在包卷张力和离心惯性力作用下的应力均小于许用应力;铝合金锡林和纤维缠绕复合成型锡林轻质高效,是高产高速梳棉机的较好选择;应根据锡林的性能、成本要求,确定其设计方案、材料组合和加工制造方法。

共轴刚性旋翼直升机着舰飞行特性

建立一套能够耦合非定常舰船流场的共轴刚性旋翼直升机飞行动力学模型,以研究该旋翼飞行器在着舰过程中的飞行特性。在舰艉流场模拟方面,采用分离涡方法以获得高精度非定常流场数据;在飞行力学建模方面,引入上下旋翼干扰因子建立共轴刚性旋翼诱导速度模型,并采用等效挥舞运动概念建立其挥舞运动方程;基于“单向耦合”思想构建了计算流体动力学(CFD)向飞行力学模型的数据传递策略,并分别以XH-59A直升机和UH-60A/SFS2组合为算例验证了飞行动力学模型和数据传递策略的正确性。以SFS2舰船模型和XH-59A共轴刚性旋翼直升机组合为研究对象,从直升机操纵余量和非定常载荷水平两方面分析了着舰过程中舰艉流场对共轴刚性旋翼直升机的扰动特征。时均研究结果显示:由于共轴上下旋翼受时均流场的扰动存在差异,飞行员在增大总距以维持高度稳定的同时,还需要减小差动总距以保持机头朝向的稳定。非定常水平研究结果表明:对于共轴构型直升机,舰船流场对拉力及俯仰力矩的非定常扰动,是引起飞行员工作载荷增大的主要因素。

FL-52风洞Ф1.5 m直径共轴刚性旋翼试验台研制

为满足国内高速共轴对转旋翼气动特性及流动机理风洞试验研究的需要,在中国航空工业空气动力研究院FL-52声学风洞开展了Ф1.5 m直径共轴刚性旋翼试验台的研制(简称共轴旋翼试验台)。该共轴旋翼试验台由试验台架系统和旋翼测控系统组成,通过一台高功率密度交流变频电机驱动上下旋翼同步反转,可实现旋翼主轴倾角、旋翼转速、旋翼总距及周期变距等同步精准控制功能。通过共轴旋翼试验台地面模态测试及动平衡调整,排除了试验台转速频率与固有频率的共振关联性;利用该共轴旋翼试验台开展1.5 m直径旋翼风洞试验。结果表明:在悬停和前飞状态下,配平策略合理,悬停状态上旋翼效率大于下旋翼,扭矩配平状态下,上旋翼拉力在总拉力中的占比变化不大。

高速直升机共轴刚性旋翼悬停气动特性的参数影响研究

共轴刚性旋翼是未来高速直升机的重要发展方向,开展气动特性参数影响研究具有重要的实际指导意义。基于计算流体力学(CFD)技术,本文建立了一个计入配平分析的共轴刚性旋翼气动特性计算方法。在该方法中,采用NavierStokes方程为控制方程,使用二阶迎风的Roe格式进行空间离散,选取隐式LU-SGS格式进行时间推进,湍流模型则为Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)模型,上下旋翼间的流场信息交换采用运动嵌套网格方法实现;通过Newton-Rhapson迭代方法求解旋翼操纵增量,可实现共轴刚性旋翼的有效配平。然后,应用所建立的方法,开展了共轴刚性旋翼悬停状态下的气动性能计算,着重分析了上下旋翼间距尤其是桨叶气动外形参数对共轴刚性旋翼气动特性的影响。结果表明,负扭转可以提高共轴刚性旋翼悬停效率,但与负扭转分布相比,采用正扭转分布,会降低共轴刚性旋翼悬停效率。

共轴刚性旋翼/机身悬停状态气动干扰计算分析

采用基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程的CFD方法和运动嵌套网格技术,建立了共轴刚性旋翼/机身气动干扰分析方法,并采用风洞试验数据进行了验证。计算分析了不同总距下共轴刚性旋翼与机身间的气动干扰特性。结果表明,随总距增加,旋翼拉力逐渐增大,但由于旋翼和机身的相互干扰现象,旋翼和机身的拉力总和降低。这是由于受旋翼下洗流影响,机身会产生较大的呈四阶变化负升力,导致总拉力降低。此外还发现,在机身干扰作用下旋翼非定常拉力峰值显著增大,桨盘平面诱导速度分布更加不均。

共轴刚性旋翼低阶动载荷特性分析

针对共轴刚性旋翼低阶动载荷问题开展分析研究.建立考虑升力偏置的共轴刚性旋翼气弹配平计算方法,建立含干扰因子的共轴双旋翼气动干扰模型与考虑双旋翼构型的旋翼动力学模型,最终集成共轴双旋翼考虑升力偏置的共轴刚性旋翼气弹配平模型.在分析前进比、转速以及升力偏置参数影响下的旋翼低阶挥舞、摆振弯矩变化特性中发现:在大前进比状态下,桨根挥舞、摆振弯矩大大增加,且均以2/rev谐波载荷为主;而施加升力偏置使得挥舞1/rev谐波载荷增加,而2/rev谐波载荷降低,能整体抑制摆振弯矩.

考虑常见故障的船舶输出轴系的刚柔耦合动力学模型

针对船舶输出轴系的不对中和不平衡故障进行动力学仿真,基于刚柔耦合方法建立船舶输出轴系的动力学模型。首先,将刚柔耦合模型与多刚体模型进行对比分析可知,基于刚柔耦合模型的船舶轴系的转速会出现速度波动且横向振动会出现多倍频现象;其次,研究转子不平衡和不对中故障对轴系振动特性的影响及振动对故障因素的敏感程度可知,船舶输出轴系只存在不平衡故障时,其弹性支撑的横向和垂向振动频谱只呈现单一的倍频,且幅值随着不平衡量的增加而呈增大趋势。当轴系存在不对中时,其轴向和垂向振动对转子不对中的敏感度较低,其弹性支撑的振动除了1倍频外还出现多倍频成分。随着平行不对中量的增大,转子系统1倍频幅值和多倍频幅值呈增大趋势,随着角度不对中量的增加,转子系统的2倍频幅值和多倍频幅值呈增大趋势。不对中量对转子系统2倍频及多倍频幅值贡献较大,当不对中严重时,其2倍频特征幅值明显超过1倍频幅值。此研究可为船舶推进轴系的设计和故障诊断提供理论依据和参考。

某涡桨发动机低压模拟转子动平衡试验研究

某涡桨发动机低压模拟转子的工作转速在弯曲临界转速以下,该转子出现了由不平衡引起振动超限,导致无法运行至工作转速的问题,本文针对上述问题进行动平衡试验研究。首先,在动平衡机上对低压模拟转子进行低速平衡,再结合柔性转子高速动平衡技术,在高速旋转试验器上完成了低压模拟转子的高速动平衡试验,动平衡试验后的转子振动明显降低,表现出了良好的振动特性,平衡效果显著。本文的研究为控制高转速下同类型航空发动机转子的振动提供了一种有效的途径,具有重要的工程应用价值。