Experimental Study on Bubble Pulse Features Under the Combined Action of Horizontal and Vertical Walls

The pulse features of a bubble have a close connection with the boundary condition. When a bubble moves near a rigid wall, it will be attracted by the Bjerknes force of the wall, and a jet pointing at the wall will be generated. In real application, the bubble may move under the combined action of walls in different directions when it forms at the corner of a pipe or at the bottom of a dam. The motion of the bubble shows complex and nonlinear characteristics under these conditions. In order to investigate the bubble pulse features near complex walls, a horizontal wall and a vertical wall are put into the experimental water tank synchronously, and an electric circuit with 200 voltages is designed to generate discharge bubbles, and then experimental study on the bubble pulse features under the combined action of horizontal and vertical walls is carried out. The influences of the combined action of two walls on the bubble shape, pulse period, moving trace and inside jet are obtained by changing the distances from bubble center to the two walls. It aims at providing references for the relevant theoretical and numerical research.

Numerical simulation on the seismic performance of retrofitted masonry walls based on the combined finite-discrete element method

Due to the long construction life,improper design methods,brittle material properties and poor construction techniques,most existing masonry structures do not perform well during earthquakes.The retrofitting method using an external steel-meshed mortar layer is widely used to retrofit existing masonry buildings.Assessing the seismic performance of masonry walls reinforced by an external steel-meshed mortar layer reasonably and effectively is a difficult subject in the research field of masonry structures.Based on the combined finite-discrete elements method,the numerical models of retrofitted brick walls with four different masonry mortar strengths by an external mortar layer are established.The shear strength of mortar and the contact between the retrofitted mortar layer and the brick blocks are discussed in detail.The failure patterns and load-displacement curves of the retrofitted brick walls were obtained by applying low cycle reciprocating loads to the numerical model,and the bearing capacity and the failure mechanism of the retrofitted walls were obtained by comparing the failure patterns,ultimate bearing capacity,deformability and other aspects with the tests.This study provides a basis for improving the seismic strengthening design method of masonry structures and helps to better assess the seismic performance of masonry structures after retrofitting.

Combined stress waves with phase transition in thin-walled tubes

The incremental constitutive relation and governing equations with combined stresses for phase transition wave propagation in a thin-walled tube are established based on the phase transition criterion considering both the hydrostatic pressure and the deviatoric stress. It is found that the centers of the initial and subsequent phase transition ellipses are shifted along the sigma-axis in the sigma tau-plane due to the tension-compression asymmetry induced by the hydrostatic pressure. The wave solution offers the 'fast' and 'slow' phase transition waves under combined longitudinal and torsional stresses in the phase transition region. The results show some new stress paths and wave structures in a thin-walled tube with phase transition, differing from those of conventional elastic-plastic materials.

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RADIAL INERTIA ON THE ELASTO-PLASTIC COMBINED STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION IN THIN-WALLED TUBES

An in-depth analysis of propagation characteristics ofelasto-plastic combined stress waves in circular thin-walled tubeshas been made. In obtaining the simple-wave solution, however, mostresearches have ignored the influence of the circumferential stressrelated to the radial inertial ef- fect in the tubes. In this paperthe incremental elasto-plastic constitutive relations which areconve- nient for dynamic numerical analysis are adopted, and thefinite-difference method is used to study the evolution adpropagation of elasto-plastic combined stress waves in a thin-walledtube with the radial inertial effect of the tube considered. Thecalculation results are compared with those obtained when the radialinertial effect is not considered. The calculation results show thatthe radial inertial effect of a tube has a fairly great influence onthe propagation of elasto-plastic combined stress waves.

Innovative combined therapy for multiple keloidal dermatofibromas of the chest wall: A novel case report

Dermatofibromas are benign soft tissue tumors that predominantly affect the limbs, and more rarely the chest.Keloidal dermatofibroma is a rare subtype with distinct clinicopathological features and an aggressive clinical course. By researching the evolution of the disease in this study, we aimed to summarize our experience of managing a rare patient who underwent five surgeries for keloidal dermatofibroma that developed sequentially in the upper arm and chest and propose a novel treatment for keloidal dermatofibroma. We concluded that keloidal dermatofibroma involving larger areas, high tension sites, and multiple localizations can be treated using the principles of pathological scar management.

Transformation Matrix for Combined Loads Applied to Thin-Walled Structures

This paper transforms combined loads, applied at an arbitrary point of a thin-walled open section beam, to the shear centre of the cross-section of the beam. Therein, a generalized transformation matrix for loads with respect to the shear centre is derived, this accounting for the bimoments that develop due to the way the combined loads are applied. This and the authors’ earlier paper (World Journal of Mechanics 2021, 11, 205-236) provide a full solution to the theory of thin-walled, open-section structures bearing combined loading. The earlier work identified arbitrary loading with the section’s area properties that are necessary to axial and shear stress calculations within the structure’s thin walls. In the previous paper attention is paid to the relevant axes of loading and to the transformations of loading required between axes for stress calculations arising from tension/compression, bending, torsion and shear. The derivation of the general transformation matrix applies to all types of loadings including, axial tensile and compression forces, transverse shear, longitudinal bending. One application, representing all these load cases, is given of a simple channel cantilever with an eccentrically located end load.

The Application of Pile Foundation Bearing-Retaining Wall Combination Structure in a Mountainous Urban High Fill Project

Pile foundation bearing-retaining wall combination structure is a new type of support structure developed in recent years.This article focuses on the characteristics,advantages,and application scope of the support structure,while combining a variety of algorithms,according to different geological conditions and slope stability,as well as summarizes the pile foundation bearing-retaining wall combination structure force analysis and design methods,taking a high-fill road project in Chongqing as an example.The application of this support structure under special conditions,such as thicker soil layer,steeper sliding surface,weak foundation,and limited slope release conditions,is presented,which illustrates the technical advantages of this support structure and proving that it has several other advantages,including clear force mechanism as well as economic and reasonable structure,thus providing reference for similar projects.

Application of Multimedia Technology in Feature Wall Design

New value systems and new aesthetic experience have been formed in the new era,triggered by reform of technical means and transformation of social economy. New multimedia technologies will produce new feelings,new experience and new ways of thinking,which correspondingly result in changes of landscape designs. Virtual reality technology is used to build autokinetic effect and mobility of feature wall,complex structures and forms,vivid and creative landscape elements,so that the landscapes will interact with users intimately,and humanized landscape spaces will be created.

Role of “reduced-size” liver/bowel grafts in the “abdominal wall transplantation” era

The evolution of multi-visceral and isolated intestinal transplant techniques over the last 3 decades has highlighted the technical challenges related to the closure of the abdomen at the end of the procedure.Two key factors that contribute to this challenge include:(1) Volume/edema of donor graft;and(2) loss of abdominal domain in the recipient.Not being able to close the abdominal wall leads to a variety of complications and morbidity that range from complex ventral hernias to bowel perforation.At the end of the 90's this challenge was overcome by graft reduction during the donor operation or bench table procedure(especially reducing liver and small intestine),as well as techniques to increase the volume of abdominal cavity by pre-operative expansion devices.Recent reports from a few groups have demonstrated the ability of transplanting a full-thickness,vascularized abdominal wall from the same donor.Thus,a spectrum of techniques have co-evolved with multivisceral and intestinal transplantation,ranging from graft reduction to enlarging the volume of the abdominal cavity.None of these techniques are free from complications,however in large-volume centers the combinations of both(graft reduction and abdominal widening,sometimes used in the same patient) could decrease the adverse events related to recipient's closure,allowing a faster recovery.The quest for a solution to this unique challenge has led to the proposal and implementation of innovative solutions to enlarge the abdominal cavity.

温度影响下不同轴压比双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能

研究不同温度环境下不同轴压比双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的抗震性能,以温度(40、20、-40℃)和轴压比(n=0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6)为控制参数,设计了12片剪力墙。利用ABAQUS对双钢板组合剪力墙试验进行对比验证,验证有限元结果的准确性。通过对12个剪力墙的承载能力、塑性变形能力、耗能能力、延性对比分析,探究其在代表性温度环境下轴压比对试件的抗震性能变化规律。结果表明,在相同的温度环境下,随着轴压比的增加,剪力墙的承载能力增加,延性降低。轴压比对于刚度退化的影响不明显。在20℃环境下,剪力墙的延性好于40和-40℃环境下延性。-40℃环境下,剪力墙的承载能力高于40和20℃环境。

多冷媒非均质人工冻结壁弹塑性应力分析

【目的】受制冷媒介温度差异以及被冻地层与冻结管距离差异的影响,多冷媒联合双排管冻结壁的非均匀性较为显著,为了合理评价该类冻结壁的安全性,需开展考虑非均质性的多冷媒人工冻结壁弹塑性应力分析。【方法】选取距离1/4管距处的冻结壁作为特征截面,将该截面上的温度分布曲线等效成三段一次函数形式,并将冻结壁视为随温度成线性变化的非均质材料,分别基于4种冻土屈服准则,推导得出多冷媒联合双排管非均质冻结壁弹塑性应力解析表达式。基于该解析表达式,对多冷媒冻结壁的受力特性进行计算,并将该计算结果与均质冻结壁计算得出的结果进行对比。【结果和结论】研究发现:(1)在盐水-二氧化碳联合双排管冻结壁中,径向应力随着相对半径r的增加而上升,环向应力在不同冻结区间(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)表现出不同的变化趋势。(2)基于均质冻结壁计算理论,弹性极限状态的冻结壁的环向应力最大值出现在冻结壁内侧,弹塑性状态的冻结壁的环向应力最大值出现在弹塑性分界面处,塑性极限状态的冻结壁的环向应力最大值出现在冻结壁最外侧;而基于非均质冻结壁计算理论,冻结壁环向应力最大值始终出现在冻结壁分区界线(r=2)处。(3)在考虑非均质特性后,冻结壁的弹性极限承载力降低1.8%,而塑性极限承载力提高8.1%。在弹塑性状态下,对应相同塑性区相对半径,非均质冻结壁具有更高的承载力,且这种现象随着塑性区相对半径的增大而愈发明显。研究成果对富水地层多冷媒联合冻结帷幕的设计具有重要的参考价值。

钢筋混凝土网格剪力墙双参数地震损伤模型及损伤分析

为了研究钢筋混凝土网格剪力墙在地震作用下的损伤演化规律,对已有钢筋混凝土构件双参数地震损伤模型进行修正,提出了适用于网格剪力墙的地震损伤模型;利用灰色关联方法,对网格剪力墙试验信息进行分析,确定关键设计参数,给出损伤模型中的组合系数计算公式。研究了剪跨比、轴压比、竖肢宽度和横肢高度等参数对网格墙损伤的影响,得到网格剪力墙主要影响参数与损伤演化的关系。基于所提出的损伤模型,计算了网格剪力墙的损伤指数,根据网格剪力墙构件破坏程度将其划分为基本完好、轻微破坏、中度破坏、严重破坏和倒塌失效5个损伤等级,标定了不同损伤等级的损伤指数区间。

内层钢板外层高强度混凝土复合井壁受力特性与支护结构参数优化分析

针对内层钢板外层高强度混凝土复合井壁的厚度设计,以受均匀围压的内层钢板外层高强度混凝土复合井壁得出的弹性解析解为基础,对内层钢板采用Mises屈服准则,外层高强度混凝土采用统一强度理论,研究复合井壁的初始屈服临界状态.以内层钢板和外层高强度混凝土均未屈服为条件,提出复合井壁的设计流程.结果表明,当内半径、围压以及材料给定时,存在外半径和分层半径的最佳取值范围,在此范围内选择外半径和对应的分层半径,内层钢板和外层高强度混凝土均不会达到屈服.与模型试验进行对比,发现试验中内半径、外半径、分层半径和材料给定的复合井壁,当围压等于设计围压时,外半径和分层半径处于最佳取值范围;当围压继续增大时,外层高强度混凝土先于内层钢板屈服.弹性解与屈服准则相结合,得到复合井壁设计流程为:通过规范及工程地质条件确定井壁内半径和围压值,选定复合井壁的材料,采用屈服准则求得外半径和分层半径的最佳取值范围.

高烈度区框-筒结构组合减隔震抗震性能研究

随着社会经济发展,我国高层建筑数量与日俱增,减震、隔震技术逐渐在高层结构中应用,并且提出了减震、隔震装置联合使用的新型组合减隔震技术。本文为研究高层组合减隔震结构中阻尼器布置位置对隔震效果的影响,针对高烈度区某框架-核心筒结构采取传统抗震、隔震、隔震-隔震层减震和隔震-非隔震层减震4种抗震方案,并选取7条地震波,通过Perform-3D软件对其分别进行罕遇地震和极罕遇地震下的弹塑性时程分析。对比结构宏观指标发现:相比隔震结构,组合减隔震结构能有效降低地震响应;黏滞阻尼器设置在非隔震层的组合减隔震结构抗震效果最佳,提高了结构安全度。

两边连接木盖板屈曲约束钢板剪力墙抗侧力性能试验研究

从环保角度提出一种钢木组合形式的两边连接防屈曲钢板剪力墙。基于已有的研究成果,设计两个试件,一个是没有木盖板约束的钢板剪力墙,另一个是覆盖木板作为钢板面外屈曲约束的钢板剪力墙。对试件采用位移控制加载方式进行拟静力试验,得到试件的滞回曲线。根据试验结果,分析了试件的骨架曲线、刚度退化和耗能能力。试验结果表明,木盖板抑制钢板屈曲效果较好,能够有效减小鼓曲声音;与无木盖板试件相比,有木盖板试件具有更高的承载力和更强的耗能能力。在试件破坏后,对试件进行拆卸,发现钢板腹部木盖板覆盖区域能够保持平整,拆卸后的木盖板在加载后也能保持完整。采用软件ABAQUS进行有限元分析,模拟结果和试验结果吻合,验证了模型的可行性。

碾盘山水利水电枢纽二期围堰防渗体系构建技术研究

为创造坝体干地施工条件及评价围堰防渗体系效果,本文以碾盘山水利水电枢纽二期工程左岸连接土坝为例,对新旧防渗墙接头处理进行优化设计,采用3种钻孔法对高喷墙的渗透系数进行试验检查与成果分析,通过水位观测及安全监测资料分析评价防渗体系整体防渗效果。实践表明本工程土石围堰防渗体系的防渗效果达到预期,可为其他类似工程提供借鉴与参考。

硅对锰-铅复合胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片细胞壁多糖组分中锰和铅含量的影响

【目的】探究不同浓度SiO_(2)对锰-铅(Mn-Pb)复合胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片细胞壁多糖组分中Mn和Pb含量的影响,为利用农艺措施治理矿区农田重金属复合污染提供理论依据。【方法】在模拟矿区重金属污染前提下,先用水培法将水稻种子培养至5叶1心期,然后用2 mmol/L Mn^(2+)+2 mmol/L Pb2+溶液复合胁迫水稻幼苗。设6个不同的SiO_(2)处理浓度:0(对照,CK)、70、90、110、130和150 mg/L。处理后提取水稻幼苗叶片细胞壁多糖组分,测定和分析其中Mn和Pb含量。【结果】施加SiO_(2)增加细胞壁多糖组分(果胶质、半纤维素和纤维素)中Mn和Pb含量。与CK相比,当SiO_(2)浓度为70~110 mg/L时,细胞壁果胶质中Mn和Pb含量较高;SiO_(2)处理下果胶质中Pb含量大于Mn含量,当SiO_(2)浓度小于90 mg/L时,水稻幼苗叶片细胞壁中Pb含量小于Mn含量。SiO_(2)浓度为110 mg/L时,在半纤维素和纤维素中Mn和Pb含量均较高;水稻幼苗叶片细胞壁半纤维素中Pb含量大于Mn含量,SiO_(2)浓度小于90 mg/L时,纤维素中Pb含量为负值。未施加SiO_(2)时,Mn和Pb的主要结合位点分别为纤维素和果胶质,施加SiO_(2)使Pb的主要结合位点转移为半纤维素。【结论】SiO_(2)能增加重金属Mn和Pb在细胞壁多糖组分中的含量。Mn-Pb复合胁迫下,SiO_(2)浓度为110 mg/L时,Mn和Pb的含量在细胞壁、果胶质、半纤维素和纤维素中均较多。

装配式柔性墙体日光温室联合储热系统蓄放热特性

增设多蓄热介质联合主动蓄放热系统是解决装配式柔性墙体日光温室“重保温、轻蓄热”问题的有效方法,但当前对于“土壤-空气-水”多介质联合储热系统蓄放热特性和加温效果尚不明确,针对此问题,该研究以配备“空气源地中热交换-水源后墙循环换热”联合储热系统的装配式柔性墙体日光温室为研究对象,采用现场跟踪测试和能量转移测算,对联合储热系统各自和组合的蓄放热特性进行研究。结果表明,配有联合储热系统的装配式柔性墙体日光温室室内夜间最低空气温度维持在10℃以上,室内外最大温差达26.5℃。0~50 cm的土壤层是该温室主要蓄热介质,晴天土壤层蓄热量最高占总蓄热量的63.5%。地中热交换系统最高占土壤蓄热量的54.4%。水循环系统蓄热量可达424.04 MJ,最高占总蓄热量的45.1%,通过循环蓄热可将储水池内8 m3水的温度提高到35℃。连阴天时,通过引入蓄放热比指标,对联合储热系统的运行效果进行定量评价,发现水循环系统具有蓄放热速度快的特点,蓄放热比绝对值最高可达1.62,是当天土壤蓄放热的1.8倍。但从总量上看,土壤仍是连阴天主要放热来源,在北京地区联合蓄放热系统能够维持3个连阴天的热量需求。水循环系统平均性能系数(coefficient of performance,COP)为9.16,地中热交换系统平均COP为6.82,联合蓄放热系统综合COP为8.85,对比热泵,其节能率达60.26%。研究结果为联合储热系统蓄放热机理研究提供了理论依据。

松软厚煤层超高巷道围岩失稳因素分析与控制技术

安阳主焦煤矿2301综放工作面回风巷沿煤层顶板布置,但在回采过程中,存在上端头三角煤损失和巷道底板煤层无法回收问题。为此,提出了回风巷超前底煤回收工艺,但面临着超前超高回采巷道围岩控制问题。支承压力高、煤体软弱、巷道超高和超前架反复支撑等因素导致超高巷道变形严重;结合回收底煤工艺和巷道变形破坏特征,提出了主被动联合支护、强化巷帮支护的控制策略和强力锚网索+超前超高液压支架联合支护方法。采用离散元数值模拟方法,分析了不同支承压力下巷道围岩塑性区、位移和应力场分布特征,验证了支护方案的合理性。现场工业性试验表明,补打锚杆、强化超前支架护帮等措施,能够有效控制巷道片帮现象。采用超高巷道围岩控制方法可多回收煤炭资源2.44万t,直接经济效益2.19亿元,具有较强的技术经济前景。