<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Worldwide, the prevalen...<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Worldwide, the prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) as of 2016 was estimated at 2%;that is 300</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">000 births annually. This study was focused on homozygous sickle cell disease which leads to several complications notably hemolytic crises, aplastic crises and vaso-occlusive crises like stroke. Sickle cell disease is the most common cause of childhood stroke. Stroke occurs in 17</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">% </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- 24% of sickle cell children worldwide. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives: </span></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">etermine the risk factors for overt stroke and outcome at discharge in sickle cell disease patients admitted in two reference hospitals in Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a case-control study in two reference hospitals in Yaounde and Douala, carried out over the duration of 4 months, covering a 5-year period (December 2013 to December 2018). Included in the study, were all homozygous sickle cell children aged 6 months to 16 years during that period with or without stroke. A total of 1734 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Out of these, 49 stroke patients participated and 687 were selected as controls. Data was collected from the patients’ files and books on a pretested data collection form, then entered in the software C.S Pro 7.1 before analysis. Stroke outcome at discharge was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRs) with structured interview. A patient was classified as good outcome if mRs</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3 and poor outcome if mRs ≥</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS software version 22.0 for Windows. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 736 patients participated in the study. Out of these, 391</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(53.1%) were males and 345</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(46.9%) were females. Overt stroke was found to have an estimated hospital prevalence of 3.29% in this population. Several risk and associated factors were identified such as frequent rate of acute chest syndrome (p</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">< 0.001), acute chest syndrome in the past 2 weeks (p</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.001), low steady state haemoglobin (p <</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.001) and previous stroke (p = 0.002). A poor outcome was observed in 16</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(32.7%) of</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">them. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The occurrence of stroke in this population is 3.29% and several factors were associated with its occurrence.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
<strong>Introduction.</strong> Penetrating craniocerebral wounds (PCCWs) are a particular lesion in the category of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to describe the management ...<strong>Introduction.</strong> Penetrating craniocerebral wounds (PCCWs) are a particular lesion in the category of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to describe the management of these lesions, and to identify signifiant risk factors associated with mortality in patients with a PCCW. <strong>Methods.</strong> It was a transversal, descriptive and analytical study performed in Departmental Teaching Hospital of Borgou and Alibori in Benin. From January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2020, patients with a PCCW were retained. Risk factors of mortality and morbidity associated to etiological, clinical and surgical parameters were assessed using the chi-square test. p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. <strong>Results.</strong> During the study period, 1267 cases of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) were admitted. Of these patients, 77 (6.1%) cases of PCCW were retained. These patients were divided into 66 (85.7%) male and 11 (14.3%) female. The mean age of the patients was 22.6 ± 14.8 years (range from 2 years to 70 years). The circumstances of occurrence were a traffic accident in 42 (54.5%) cases, an assault in 33 cases (42.9%) and a fall 2 (2.6%). The PCCW was unilateral in 71 cases (92.2%). A brain CT-scan was performed in 60 (77.9%) patients. Surgery was performed in 69 (89.6%) patients. Post-operative outcomes were simple in 59 (85.5%) cases. GCS, pupillary abnormalities, motor deficit were a statistically significant risk factor associated with death or sequels (p < 0.0001).<strong> Conclusion.</strong> The identification of risk factors of mortality or sequels is a major step for an efficient management of PCCWs and a reduction of morbidity and mortality. Whatever strategies are adopted, prevention must remain a priority.展开更多
目的探讨脓毒症患者发生脓毒症相关脑病(SAE)的危险因素,建立简便、易用的预测模型并进行验证。方法回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院2017年1月至2021年12月入住重症监护病房(ICU)脓毒症患者的临床资料,根据纳入排除标准,确定最终入选病...目的探讨脓毒症患者发生脓毒症相关脑病(SAE)的危险因素,建立简便、易用的预测模型并进行验证。方法回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院2017年1月至2021年12月入住重症监护病房(ICU)脓毒症患者的临床资料,根据纳入排除标准,确定最终入选病例,将2017年1月至2019年12月收集的病例作为训练队列组(n=640),将2020年1月至2021年12月收集的病例作为验证队列组(n=300)。将训练队列组患者资料进行Logistic回归分析,确定SAE发生的危险因素,建立回归方程,并可视化为列线图。验证队列组对建立的回归方程进行验证,通过绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线及计算ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评价模型的区分度,通过Hosmer-Lemeshow检验和校准图评价模型的校准度。结果本研究共纳入940例患者,单因素及多因素Logistic回归结果表明,高龄、使用升压药、高中枢神经特异蛋白(S100β)水平、低脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))和低蛋白血症5个因素为SAE发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05),纳入预测模型,该预测模型的AUC在训练和验证队列组分别为0.810(95%CI 0.763~0.857)和0.813(95%CI 0.740~0.885),模型的校准曲线在训练和验证队列组均与平面直角坐标系中45°的直线重合度较高,提示该模型的表现良好。结论本研究建立的预测模型可以科学、有效地对SAE的发生进行预测,操作简便、快速,具有重要的临床价值。展开更多
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Worldwide, the prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) as of 2016 was estimated at 2%;that is 300</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">000 births annually. This study was focused on homozygous sickle cell disease which leads to several complications notably hemolytic crises, aplastic crises and vaso-occlusive crises like stroke. Sickle cell disease is the most common cause of childhood stroke. Stroke occurs in 17</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">% </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- 24% of sickle cell children worldwide. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives: </span></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">etermine the risk factors for overt stroke and outcome at discharge in sickle cell disease patients admitted in two reference hospitals in Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a case-control study in two reference hospitals in Yaounde and Douala, carried out over the duration of 4 months, covering a 5-year period (December 2013 to December 2018). Included in the study, were all homozygous sickle cell children aged 6 months to 16 years during that period with or without stroke. A total of 1734 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Out of these, 49 stroke patients participated and 687 were selected as controls. Data was collected from the patients’ files and books on a pretested data collection form, then entered in the software C.S Pro 7.1 before analysis. Stroke outcome at discharge was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRs) with structured interview. A patient was classified as good outcome if mRs</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3 and poor outcome if mRs ≥</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS software version 22.0 for Windows. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 736 patients participated in the study. Out of these, 391</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(53.1%) were males and 345</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(46.9%) were females. Overt stroke was found to have an estimated hospital prevalence of 3.29% in this population. Several risk and associated factors were identified such as frequent rate of acute chest syndrome (p</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">< 0.001), acute chest syndrome in the past 2 weeks (p</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.001), low steady state haemoglobin (p <</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.001) and previous stroke (p = 0.002). A poor outcome was observed in 16</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(32.7%) of</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">them. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The occurrence of stroke in this population is 3.29% and several factors were associated with its occurrence.</span></span></span></span>
文摘<strong>Introduction.</strong> Penetrating craniocerebral wounds (PCCWs) are a particular lesion in the category of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to describe the management of these lesions, and to identify signifiant risk factors associated with mortality in patients with a PCCW. <strong>Methods.</strong> It was a transversal, descriptive and analytical study performed in Departmental Teaching Hospital of Borgou and Alibori in Benin. From January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2020, patients with a PCCW were retained. Risk factors of mortality and morbidity associated to etiological, clinical and surgical parameters were assessed using the chi-square test. p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. <strong>Results.</strong> During the study period, 1267 cases of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) were admitted. Of these patients, 77 (6.1%) cases of PCCW were retained. These patients were divided into 66 (85.7%) male and 11 (14.3%) female. The mean age of the patients was 22.6 ± 14.8 years (range from 2 years to 70 years). The circumstances of occurrence were a traffic accident in 42 (54.5%) cases, an assault in 33 cases (42.9%) and a fall 2 (2.6%). The PCCW was unilateral in 71 cases (92.2%). A brain CT-scan was performed in 60 (77.9%) patients. Surgery was performed in 69 (89.6%) patients. Post-operative outcomes were simple in 59 (85.5%) cases. GCS, pupillary abnormalities, motor deficit were a statistically significant risk factor associated with death or sequels (p < 0.0001).<strong> Conclusion.</strong> The identification of risk factors of mortality or sequels is a major step for an efficient management of PCCWs and a reduction of morbidity and mortality. Whatever strategies are adopted, prevention must remain a priority.
文摘目的探讨脓毒症患者发生脓毒症相关脑病(SAE)的危险因素,建立简便、易用的预测模型并进行验证。方法回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院2017年1月至2021年12月入住重症监护病房(ICU)脓毒症患者的临床资料,根据纳入排除标准,确定最终入选病例,将2017年1月至2019年12月收集的病例作为训练队列组(n=640),将2020年1月至2021年12月收集的病例作为验证队列组(n=300)。将训练队列组患者资料进行Logistic回归分析,确定SAE发生的危险因素,建立回归方程,并可视化为列线图。验证队列组对建立的回归方程进行验证,通过绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线及计算ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评价模型的区分度,通过Hosmer-Lemeshow检验和校准图评价模型的校准度。结果本研究共纳入940例患者,单因素及多因素Logistic回归结果表明,高龄、使用升压药、高中枢神经特异蛋白(S100β)水平、低脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))和低蛋白血症5个因素为SAE发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05),纳入预测模型,该预测模型的AUC在训练和验证队列组分别为0.810(95%CI 0.763~0.857)和0.813(95%CI 0.740~0.885),模型的校准曲线在训练和验证队列组均与平面直角坐标系中45°的直线重合度较高,提示该模型的表现良好。结论本研究建立的预测模型可以科学、有效地对SAE的发生进行预测,操作简便、快速,具有重要的临床价值。