Based on contour tillage of wide ridge and furrow covering and agro-forestry, this paper sets up a compound ridge culture mode in hillside orchards and introduces a long-term observation to the mode＇s effects on ecol...Based on contour tillage of wide ridge and furrow covering and agro-forestry, this paper sets up a compound ridge culture mode in hillside orchards and introduces a long-term observation to the mode＇s effects on ecological benefits of water and soil conservation. A five-year study shows that compound ridge culture in hillside orchards is effective in water and soil conservation, especially in reducing soil erosion. Compared with the traditional management modes of orchards, compound ridge culture has reduced runoff amount by 41.96%-57.96%, soil erosion amount by 55.47%-67.75%. Compound ridge culture also brings an obvious reduction of soil nutrient loss and of non-point source pollution, which is of great importance for keeping and increasing the productivity of hillside orchards in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area.展开更多
Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural so...Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural soil and irrigation rivers,and evaluated the occurrence,source apportionment,and ecological risks for BPs in soils of agricultural environment by using principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression(PCA-MLR)and risk quotients(RQ).The average concentration of BPs in soil,irrigation water and sediments were 29.19 ng/g,30.21 ng/L and 610.09 ng/g dw,respectively.BPA was the most highly detected contaminant in all media.In soil,the primary BPA substitutes were bisphenol S(BPS)and bisphenol F(BPF),contributing about 50%to the pollution in total.PCA-MLR analysis indicated that the release of solid waste was the primary cause of BPs pollution in the agricultural soils,following by waste water discharge.The evaluation of RQ revealed that BPs presented a low to medium risk to algae,daphnia,and fish in irrigation rivers,while more than 90% of soil sampling sites faced medium or high risk,with BPA and BPS as the main contributors to the risk.The research findings offer evidence to support the assessment of contaminants concentration,source pathways,and risk management strategies pertaining to BPs in the agricultural system.With ongoing BPA substitute occurrence,addressing risks to agricultural soil ecosystems remains crucial.展开更多
基金the Western Action Project of Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences(KZCX2-XB2-07)the Item of State Council Three Gorge Project Construction Committee Executive Office(SX2001-021).
文摘Based on contour tillage of wide ridge and furrow covering and agro-forestry, this paper sets up a compound ridge culture mode in hillside orchards and introduces a long-term observation to the mode＇s effects on ecological benefits of water and soil conservation. A five-year study shows that compound ridge culture in hillside orchards is effective in water and soil conservation, especially in reducing soil erosion. Compared with the traditional management modes of orchards, compound ridge culture has reduced runoff amount by 41.96%-57.96%, soil erosion amount by 55.47%-67.75%. Compound ridge culture also brings an obvious reduction of soil nutrient loss and of non-point source pollution, which is of great importance for keeping and increasing the productivity of hillside orchards in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area.
基金This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for The Central Universities(No.B230201058)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52179063 and 42177353)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221505)the key program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52039003).
文摘Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural soil and irrigation rivers,and evaluated the occurrence,source apportionment,and ecological risks for BPs in soils of agricultural environment by using principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression(PCA-MLR)and risk quotients(RQ).The average concentration of BPs in soil,irrigation water and sediments were 29.19 ng/g,30.21 ng/L and 610.09 ng/g dw,respectively.BPA was the most highly detected contaminant in all media.In soil,the primary BPA substitutes were bisphenol S(BPS)and bisphenol F(BPF),contributing about 50%to the pollution in total.PCA-MLR analysis indicated that the release of solid waste was the primary cause of BPs pollution in the agricultural soils,following by waste water discharge.The evaluation of RQ revealed that BPs presented a low to medium risk to algae,daphnia,and fish in irrigation rivers,while more than 90% of soil sampling sites faced medium or high risk,with BPA and BPS as the main contributors to the risk.The research findings offer evidence to support the assessment of contaminants concentration,source pathways,and risk management strategies pertaining to BPs in the agricultural system.With ongoing BPA substitute occurrence,addressing risks to agricultural soil ecosystems remains crucial.
