Modelling medium-and long-term purchasing plans for environment-orientated container trucks:a case study of Yangtze River port

The transportation sector is the most significant contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Particularly,maritime transportation,which is predominantly powered by fossil-fuel engines,accounts for more than 90%of world freight movement and emits 3%of global carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions.China is the world’s largest emitter of CO_(2 )and plays a key role in mitigating global climate change.In order to tackle this pressing concern,this study analyses the port’s throughput,the current number of trucks and their emissions during the container truck purchasing process.Previous studies about container truck purchasing plans mostly focused on the trucks’price and port needs.The objective of this study is to minimize the total cost of a port’s inland transportation using optimization technique such as the interval uncertainty planning model to convert container truck emissions into social costs.The study considers the port of Yangtze as a case study.The study has designed two scenarios.(i)The base scenario(business-asusual,BAU)is used to quantify the relationship between pollutant emissions and system cost.In the base scenario,no environmental control facilities are used during the planning period,and there is no need to purchase new energy container trucks.(ii)The expected scenario(Scenario A)is for three planning periods.In Scenario A,the emissions levels are required to remain at the same level as the first planning period during the whole planning period.By solving the above model,the number of all truck types,system cost,container throughput and truck emissions in the port area were analysed.The results showed that if no emission reduction control measures are implemented in the next 9 years,the growth rate of pollutants in the port area could reach 20%.In addition,the findings showed clearly that truck emissions are reduced by purchasing new energy trucks and restricting the number of fossil-fuel(diesel)trucks.This study could also help to minimize system costs associated with port planning and management.

Research on Logistics Competitiveness of Yangtze River Delta Ports from the Perspective of Niche

The logistics industry is likened to be the “catalyst” of economic growth. It is one of China’s top ten key revitalization and adjustment industries, and port logistics is the main force to promote regional logistics and regional economic development. This paper, which is based on the niche theory and its corresponding measurement method, establishes the niche evaluation indicator dimension of the development competitiveness of port logistics in the Yangtze river delta. In this paper, the niche width model, niche overlap model, niche suitability and evolutionary momentum model were used to conduct an empirical study on the development competitiveness of nine typical ports in the Yangtze river delta region from 2013 to 2017. Finally, according to the expansion of ecological niche, the separation of ecological niche and the symbiosis of ecological niche, the paper put forward the suggestions for the sustainable development of port logistics in the Yangtze river delta region.

PORT DEVELOPMENT IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

The Yangtze river delta has the largest port group in China.On the coast are sea ports,Yangkou Shanghai Beilun,aligned on a north-south axis which,together with ports along the Lower Yangtze river,form a T-shaped port association.This is unique in the country.For rational port localization and development,it is suggested that Shanghai should retain its undisputed position as an international and domestic hub port of China.Beilun and Yangkou,with their deep-water berths,should be transshipment ports of imported bulky goods (ore,crude oiletc.) and inter-continental international containers for Shanghai and the Yangtze valley above Nanjing,while ports on the lower Yangtze river will

Spatial Pattern and Heterogeneity of Port & Shipping Service Enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta,2002–2016

Using the ‘theoretical hypothesis—empirical study—case verification' method, this paper studies the spatial distribution and differentiation of port & shipping service enterprises(PSSE), as well as the variation process and underlying mechanism in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD). First, through inductive and deductive reasoning, we propose the following hypothesis: the regional distribution of different types of PSSE would show different spatial agglomeration-decentralization tendency; and there would be distinct regional differentiation in the industrial structure of the enterprises. Second, based on data obtained from enterprises, empirical research is conducted using Gini coefficient and spatial interpolation simulation methods. Results show that: 1) The overall enterprise distribution is decentralized within a city. 2) Different types of enterprises show different spatial agglomeration-decentralization tendencies. At 3000 m×3000 m grid scale, there is an agglomeration tendency along seas and rivers in the spatial distribution of enterprises. Shanghai has been identified consistently as a hot spot. 3) There is significant regional differentiation in 12 port cities with respect to the industrial structures of enterprises. Finally, the transportization and the increase of shipping service demand, the globalization and the expansion of multinational corporate activities, the hierarchization and the cooperation among port cities as well as the decentralization and the behavioral difference between the central and local states can be seen as main driving mechanism of the spatial phenomenon.

考虑生态限制的内河港口岸线等级评价研究

为明晰港口岸线的优劣情况,给港口开发及整合提供参考,提出了一种考虑生态限制条件的港口岸线等级评价方法。首先,选取自然条件、社会经济、交通发展等3个方面的12个指标,借助物元可拓模型进行港口岸线资源等级初评。然后,以生态限制条件为减分因素对初评结果进行修正,得出岸线等级可划分为4类:一级规划岸线、二级规划岸线、三级规划岸线、四级规划岸线。其中,一级规划岸线最适宜建设深水港,二级规划岸线适宜建港,三级规划岸线和四级规划岸线不宜建港。最后,基于长江重庆段五段不同岸线的数据进行案例分析,分析结果表明:评价结果与实际情况基本一致;改进的等级评价指标、定性定量相结合的方法能够提高评价结果的准确性;将生态因素作为限制条件从综合评价中独立出来进行等级结果修正能够有效避免岸线开发利用时侵占生态资源。

内河枢纽港水工钢构件锈蚀特征时空分布规律

内河枢纽港框架直立式码头下部结构多采用钢护筒、钢靠船构件、纵横撑等钢构件,钢构件具有强度高、塑性好等优点的同时也存在易锈蚀、耐腐蚀性差等问题,水工钢构件锈蚀对内河枢纽港长期运营安全存在严重威胁。为了探究水沙冲蚀条件下内河枢纽港水工钢构件锈蚀规律,依托某代表性内河枢纽港工程,开展针对其水工钢构件锈蚀程度的现场检测试验。通过对不同排架、高程、受水沙冲蚀方向等钢构件试验数据结果的详细对比分析,揭示不同钢构件锈蚀程度的时空分布规律,并提出所依托工程的水工钢构件锈蚀经验模型。结果表明:钢构件的锈蚀厚度随服役时间的增加而增大,但随着高程的增加而逐渐减小;同一高程位置处,构件迎水面的锈蚀程度相较于侧水面、背水面更严重。

基于生态位理论的长三角港口体系竞合关系识别与优化策略

基于生态位理论剖析港口体系竞合机制,构建港口生态位评价指标体系,定量识别2006—2021年长三角港口体系的生态位及竞合关系,并借鉴生态位理论探讨港口体系竞合优化策略。结果表明:长三角地区多数港口生态位宽度仍有较大提升空间;港口生态位宽度存在明显的空间分异特征,形成以上海港和宁波舟山港为优势港的“双枢纽”结构;港口生态位重叠度和综合生态位重叠度高值港口均偏多,且呈上升趋势;长三角地区高宽度-高重叠度、低宽度-高重叠度、高宽度-低重叠度和低宽度-低重叠度4类港口均有分布,低宽度-高重叠度的港口数量居多。最后,提出长三角港口体系生态位扩充、特化、错位和协同发展策略。

近代以来红河流域地区城市发展研究(1885-1949年)

近代以来红河流域地区城市发展呈现阶段性、曲折性等特点,主要经历了三个重要阶段:第一阶段(1885—1910年)是红河流域城市迅速发展期,蒙自、河口的开埠通商,成为近代红河流域城市发展的两大重要推动力,加速了当地城市的转型发展;第二阶段(1911—1936年)是红河流域城市通过省城昆明与国内其他省市加强联系的重要阶段,滇越铁路和个碧石铁路使红河流域地区进入新式交通时代,区位优势得到进一步体现,加速了当地城市发展进程,带动了铁路沿线的一批小城镇迅速崛起;第三阶段(1937—1949年)是红河流域城市的缓慢发展阶段,抗日战争期间滇越铁路沿线地区破坏严重,导致城市发展缓慢,甚至出现停滞状态。

北部湾港平陆运河江海联运方案研究

平陆运河始于西江航运干线中上游的西津枢纽水库支流平塘江口,终于北部湾港,是优化提升全国水运网络、加快建设国家综合立体交通网的联网工程,是建设西部陆海新通道、加快建设交通强国的标志性工程。根据《国家综合立体交通网规划纲要》部署,北部湾港总体规划正在编制,需要统筹考虑平陆运河江海联运枢纽空间布局和平面布置方案。综合考虑平陆运河江海联运量、北部湾港各港区建港条件和资源容量,以及既有港口资源利用情况,按照“就近转运、用足存量”的原则,因地制宜提出分货类的江海联运枢纽布局,制定了大小泊位能力匹配、运输组织高效的平面布置方案,同时也提出明确防城港域航区划分、研究开通防城港水运疏港通道(皇城坳运河)、有序推进现状码头升级改造等建议,为平陆运河建设投产后江海联运平稳运行提供技术支撑。

Saigon River Valley: A Navigation, Trade, Mitigation, Invasion, Liberation, and Unification Pathway

The Saigon River is located in southern Vietnam with headwaters starting in southeastern Cambodia. The river flows southeast for about 225 km to the South China Sea. Most readers of Vietnam’s history know about the American-Vietnam War (1965-1973). However, centuries before that time, Vietnam fought with the Chinese, the Khmers, the Chams and the Mongols. The history of Vietnam begins in the Red River Delta, where farmers first cultivated rice. A millenia of struggle against the Chinese then followed. The Saigon River Valley was the pathway used by the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) to get from the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia to Saigon during the 1968 Tet Offensive. The NVA dug Cu Chi and Iron Triangle soil tunnels near Cu Chi in the Old Alluvium terrace to hide from American Forces and Air Force bombers. In 1962, the Tan Son Nhut Air Force base on the northern edge of Saigon received the first shipments of Agent Blue, the arsenic based herbicide, used to destroy the rice crop. The most dioxin TCDD and arsenic contaminated site in Vietnam was Bien Hoa Air Force base on the Saigon River just 30 km northeast east of Ho Chi Minh City. The adjacent Bien Hoa City has a population of over 800,000. The Port of Ho Chi Minh City is the most significant river port in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. The river is navigable by ships which draft up to 9 m. Vietnam only became a united country in the 19th century. Its independence was soon affected by French colonialism and then the destructive American intervention in the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War Archive no. 2 in Ho Chi Minh City houses residual correspondence between the Republic of Vietnam (RV) President Diem’s administration and US President Kennedy’s administration related to the Khai Huang program (hamlet strategy). In addition, the archive contains some of the tactical herbicide spray records of the RV military for the Mekong Delta. The primary objective this study is to document the role that the Saigon River Valley played, in modern warfare. The Saigon River Valley was used as a navigation, trade, invasion, liberation and unification pathway. The Vietnamese people have survived centuries of stormy, troubled times and their power of character has served them well.

长江重庆段水样大气-水两相分配平衡实验研究

为模拟化学品泄漏后水中漂移扩散情况,通常使用数值模型,如Chemmap。Chemmap模型的设计仍存在多项不足之处。本研究通过实验测定苯、苯乙烯、萘、三氯乙烯四种单体以及苯和苯乙烯混合物在长江重庆段水样中大气-水分配平衡常数,建立了实验方法体系。结果发现,实验测定结果与理论值存在较大差异,建议在无法获得分配平衡系数或数据不可靠或理论估算值存在偏差的情况下,采用实际水样的实验方法获得相应系数。

长江经济带沿线港口物流发展对城陵矶港口物流高质量发展的启示

湖南省城陵矶港是长江八大深水良港之一,随着世界经济一体化的推进和我国“一带一路”倡议的实施,我国各省积极深化港口合作,整合省内港口资源,进行一体化运营。本文通过调研长江经济带重要港口城市港口物流发展情况,将长江沿线港口货运量、城陵矶港及湘江内港口码头货运量和航运物流补贴政策进行对比分析,建议整合省内各港口资源、积极培育港口物流链、开展柔性化港口物流服务、做优港口集疏运体系和开展出口拼箱业务等,以促进城陵矶港高质量发展。

长江中游港口的时空演变与预测——对湖南省城陵矶港的启示

本文采用标准差椭圆、重心模型和赫芬达尔—赫希曼指数研究1998—2021年间长江中游集装箱港口的时空演变特征,同时使用线性预测方法对2025—2035年该地区港口集装箱吞吐量进行预测。研究结果表明:赫芬达尔—赫希曼指数在总体上虽有所下降,但市场结构整体上仍处于高寡占Ⅱ型,说明长江中游地区内的集装箱港口分布更加均衡并趋于分散化;长江中游港口的集装箱吞吐量重心在江西省境内,重心轨迹呈现出自东北向西南,再自东南向西北移动的趋势,标准差椭圆的主要分布态势呈现由东北至西南的分布;长江中游港口的集装箱吞吐量呈稳步增长趋势,预测在2035年能达到752万标准箱。本研究能对长江中游集装箱港口提升自身竞争力提供数据参考,以更好发挥港口的辐射带动作用,推动区域港口群协同发展。

长江干线港口岸线资源利用效率研究

长江干线港口岸线利用效率作为重要的岸线资源规划和利用管理指标,目前缺少明确科学的统一定义。结合长江干线分区段航道特点以及大量现状码头设计和实际生产运营数据调查,对码头设计通过能力规范公式参数取值进行合理修正,测算提出长江干线分区域、分货类、分吨级码头泊位核算通过能力,提出单位岸线核算通过能力这一概念作为单位岸线利用效率量化标准。研究结论可为长江干线港口规划、岸线管理和码头设计工作提供重要技术指标参考。

广州内河港发展趋势与规划建议

近十年来,广州内河港货物吞吐量持续快速增长,但码头设施建设规模、等级并未相应提升,特别是集约化公共货运码头建设相对滞后。通过对比十余年广州内河码头设施建设、港口运营及规划港口岸线利用等情况,分析广州内河港发展中存在的主要问题及原因。结合内河航运高质量发展、港产城协调发展新趋势,分析广州城市建设和经济发展对内河港的新需求,并针对内河港发展中存在的问题,提出优化空间布局、提高岸线利用率、创新公共货运码头建设运营模式等广州内河港规划发展建议。

基于大数据的周口港智能化发展策略研究

随着国家和河南省层面推出越来越多利好内河港口发展的政策,周口港作为河南省第一大内河港口,正处在突飞猛进的发展阶段。但周口港在智能化推进方面还面临不少挑战,针对周口港的智能化发展提出了建设港口数据中台的策略,旨在统筹整合港区内外所有环节的数据采集、存储、分析及应用全过程,为港口的发展运营降本增效。

公共卫生事件下长三角港口拥堵与应对机制研究

2022年3月,长三角地区发生公共卫生事件,长三角港口出现拥堵,物流供应链体系受到冲击,这为港口应对突发事件提供了案例经验。基于对长三角港口拥堵指数、航运供应链和航运网络结构在不同时间段的分析,发现上海因疫情封控后,4月份长三角港口拥堵明显,但涉及民生物资的供应链得到优先保障;太仓港和南京港成为长三角地区重要的货物集散枢纽,在特殊时期承担重要的中转功能;上海港与宁波舟山港则依然保持着向外输出的门户枢纽功能。得益于长三角港口一体化协同机制,政府、企业与港口管理者利用多式联运方案,保障长三角物资运输有序和供应链通畅,这对于全球其他港口群应对突发事件有借鉴价值。

平陆运河背景下钦州港江海联运布局优化

平陆运河将在2026年底建设完成,由于区位优势,钦州港将成为平陆运河江海联运的主力港。钦州港建设时并未考虑江海联运功能,需要对其进行优化调整。提出2027年前需重点开发勒沟、果子山和大榄坪作业区,2027—2035年重点建设大榄坪南和大环作业区。近期可通过对勒沟、果子山以及大榄坪作业区的升级改造以及调整,满足江海联运的需求;远期需增加大榄坪南及大环作业区5000吨级驳船岸线,重点发展集装箱、煤炭以及矿石等10万吨级以上到港船舶的江海联运功能。结合钦州港的现状及未来江海联运的需求,对钦州港相关的作业区提出增加江海联运功能的布局规划建议,可供有类似需求的港口参考。

长三角港城协调水平对城市经济增长影响的空间效应研究

基于2011-2020年长三角地区33个地级市的面板数据,采用耦合协调模型对长三角港城协调水平进行测度,在此基础上建立空间杜宾模型实证探究港城协调水平对城市经济增长影响的空间效应。结果表明:长三角地区静态港城协调水平整体不高,动态协调水平逐年优化,港城协调水平存在空间差异;港城协调水平与城市经济增长具有显著的空间相关性,存在空间聚集的趋势;港城协调水平对城市经济增长的影响存在显著的空间溢出效应,且间接效应大于直接效应。建议通过统一布局港城建设、加强区域联动分工提高港城协调水平;发挥高协调港城的空间溢出效应带动长三角整体区域经济增长,实现长三角一体化高质量发展。

阜阳港新建码头对沙颍河河势演变及堤防安全的影响分析

阜阳市颍东区拥有丰富的煤炭资源及良好的煤化工产业基础,阜阳煤基新材料产业园充分利用当地的煤炭资源优势,变资源优势为经济优势。随着经济的发展和交通需求的增加,该产业园计划在阜阳港区“口孜岸线”范围内新建一处码头,以满足货物运输的需求,该工程可能对沙颍河的河势演变和堤防安全产生一定影响。基于此,文章结合工程建设与河道情况,分析了阜阳港新建码头对沙颍河河势演变及堤防安全的影响,并提出相应的策略,以期减轻影响,促进码头工程的规划和实施。