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Study on Technical Schemes for Major Pollutants Emission Reduction in Beijing North Canal River Basin Based on Watershed Water Quality Target Management
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作者 Gang Wang Denghua Yan +8 位作者 Tao Pan Xiaoyan He Jun Qi Minglei Ren Liping Zhao Fan Wang Zhongbo Zhang Xiaoming Jiang Xiaodi Fu 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2019年第11期1327-1350,共24页
Water quality target management in watershed is the fundamental choice of city rivers suffering both serious pollution and severe water shortage. In this study, we performed a case study regarding river pollution cont... Water quality target management in watershed is the fundamental choice of city rivers suffering both serious pollution and severe water shortage. In this study, we performed a case study regarding river pollution control plan based on water quality target management in the North Canal River catchment of Beijing section, in order to obtain effective water quality improvement programs. The ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were taken as the main controlling pollutants. Water quality targets and basic water quality improvement scenarios were set up considering different intensities of population regulation scenarios and gradually strengthening emission control measures. The MIKE11 model was adopted to simulate the effects of a range of water quality improvement scenarios. Results indicated that the basic scenarios could dramatically improve the surface water environment. However, additional intensive and combined measure programs should be implemented to ensure that the water quality would basically meet the targets of corresponding water function zones. The results highlight the need to implement water conservation in water shortage urban river basin and show the importance of enhancing drainage communication and conducting ecological water replenishment in such kind basins. It is expected to provide a reference for the water environment management practice of other metropolis in the world facing both crisis of water resource shortage and water environment pollution. 展开更多
关键词 water quality target management water quality Improvement Programs MIKE11 Model
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Application of multivariate statistical techniques in assessment of surface water quality in Second Songhua River basin,China 被引量:3
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作者 郑力燕 于宏兵 王启山 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第5期1040-1051,共12页
Multivariate statistical techniques,such as cluster analysis(CA),discriminant analysis(DA),principal component analysis(PCA) and factor analysis(FA),were applied to evaluate and interpret the surface water quality dat... Multivariate statistical techniques,such as cluster analysis(CA),discriminant analysis(DA),principal component analysis(PCA) and factor analysis(FA),were applied to evaluate and interpret the surface water quality data sets of the Second Songhua River(SSHR) basin in China,obtained during two years(2012-2013) of monitoring of 10 physicochemical parameters at 15 different sites.The results showed that most of physicochemical parameters varied significantly among the sampling sites.Three significant groups,highly polluted(HP),moderately polluted(MP) and less polluted(LP),of sampling sites were obtained through Hierarchical agglomerative CA on the basis of similarity of water quality characteristics.DA identified p H,F,DO,NH3-N,COD and VPhs were the most important parameters contributing to spatial variations of surface water quality.However,DA did not give a considerable data reduction(40% reduction).PCA/FA resulted in three,three and four latent factors explaining 70%,62% and 71% of the total variance in water quality data sets of HP,MP and LP regions,respectively.FA revealed that the SSHR water chemistry was strongly affected by anthropogenic activities(point sources:industrial effluents and wastewater treatment plants;non-point sources:domestic sewage,livestock operations and agricultural activities) and natural processes(seasonal effect,and natural inputs).PCA/FA in the whole basin showed the best results for data reduction because it used only two parameters(about 80% reduction) as the most important parameters to explain 72% of the data variation.Thus,this work illustrated the utility of multivariate statistical techniques for analysis and interpretation of datasets and,in water quality assessment,identification of pollution sources/factors and understanding spatial variations in water quality for effective stream water quality management. 展开更多
关键词 Second Songhua river basin water quality multivariate statistical techniques cluster analysis discriminant analysis principal component analysis factor analysis
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Relationships Between River Water Quality and Landscape Factors in Haihe River Basin, China: Implications for Environmental Management 被引量:4
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作者 XU Huashan ZHENG Hua +2 位作者 CHEN Xiaoshu REN Yufen OUYANG Zhiyun 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第2期197-207,共11页
River water plays a key role in human health, and in social and economic development, and is often affected by both natural factors and human activities. An in-depth understanding of the role of these factors can help... River water plays a key role in human health, and in social and economic development, and is often affected by both natural factors and human activities. An in-depth understanding of the role of these factors can help in developing an effective catchment management strategy to protect precious water resources. This study analyzed river water quality, patterns of terrestrial and riparian ecosystems, intensity of agricultural activities, industrial structure, and spatial distribution of pollutant emissions in the Haihe River Basin in China for the year of 2010, identifying the variables that have the greatest impact on river water quality. The area percentage of farmland in study area, the percentage of natural vegetation cover in the 1000-m riparian zone, rural population density, industrial Gross Domestic Product(GDP)/km^2, and industrial amino nitrogen emissions were all significantly correlated with river water quality(P < 0.05). Farming had the largest impact on river water quality, explaining 43.0% of the water quality variance, followed by the coverage of natural vegetation in the 1000-m riparian zone, which explained 36.2% of the water quality variance. Industrial amino nitrogen emissions intensity and rural population density explained 31.6% and 31.4% of the water quality variance, respectively, while industrial GDP/km^2 explained 26.6%. Together, these five indicators explained 67.3% of the total variance in water quality. Consequently, water environmental management of the Haihe River Basin should focus on adjusting agricultural activities, conserving riparian vegetation, and reducing industrial pollutant emissions by optimizing industrial structure. The results demonstrate how human activities drive the spatial pattern changes of river water quality, and they can provide reference for developing land use guidelines and for prioritizing management practices to maintain stream water quality in a large river basin. 展开更多
关键词 land use watershed management river water quality gradient analysis
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Three-Dimensional Water Quality Model Based on FVCOM for Total Load Control Management in Guan River Estuary,Northern Jiangsu Province 被引量:1
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作者 ZHANG Li LIN Weibo +6 位作者 LI Keqiang SHENG Jianming WEI Aihong LUO Feng WANG Yan WANG Xiulin ZHANG Longjun 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2016年第2期261-270,共10页
Guan River Estuary and adjacent coastal area(GREC) suffer from serious pollution and eutrophicational problems over the recent years.Thus,reducing the land-based load through the national pollutant total load control ... Guan River Estuary and adjacent coastal area(GREC) suffer from serious pollution and eutrophicational problems over the recent years.Thus,reducing the land-based load through the national pollutant total load control program and developing hydrodynamic and water quality models that can simulate the complex circulation and water quality kinetics within the system,including longitudinal and lateral variations in nutrient and COD concentrations,is a matter of urgency.In this study,a three-dimensional,hydrodynamic,water quality model was developed in GREC,Northern Jiangsu Province.The complex three-dimensional hydrodynamics of GREC were modeled using the unstructured-grid,finite-volume,free-surface,primitive equation coastal ocean circulation model(FVCOM).The water quality model was adapted from the mesocosm nutrients dynamic model in the south Yellow Sea and considers eight compartments:dissolved inorganic nitrogen,soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP),phytoplankton,zooplankton,detritus,dissolved organic nitrogen(DON),dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP),and chemical oxygen demand.The hydrodynamic and water quality models were calibrated and confirmed for 2012 and 2013.A comparison of the model simulations with extensive dataset shows that the models accurately simulate the longitudinal distribution of the hydrodynamics and water quality.The model can be used for total load control management to improve water quality in this area. 展开更多
关键词 water quality model FVCOM total load control management Guan river Estuary Yellow Sea
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Environmental Anthropological Study of Watershed Management‐Water Quality Conservation of Forest as a Catchment Area in the Southern Part of Australia 被引量:1
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作者 Akira Hiratsuka Yugo Tomonaga Yoshiro Yasuda 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2014年第18期1691-1702,共12页
Authors have conducted an experiment of irradiation using sound waves (frequency) including ultrasonic waves into water such as drinking water, sea water and forest water and wastewater so far. As a result, almost the... Authors have conducted an experiment of irradiation using sound waves (frequency) including ultrasonic waves into water such as drinking water, sea water and forest water and wastewater so far. As a result, almost the same effect of improvement of water quality was confirmed for each sound wave. Then, an environmental anthropological study of watershed management based on the sound was carried out assuming that a water quality management using the sound could be possible. The Goulburn River basin in the southern part of Australia in which indigenous peoples (Yorta Yorta) have been concerned with the management for a long time so far was selected as an objective drainage basin this time. As a result, a couple of environmental anthropological perspectives on watershed management were proposed. 展开更多
关键词 watershed management water quality CONSERVATION water quality Improvement by Sound Murray-Goulburn river Eco-Money (Environmental Tax)
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Analysis of Construction Technology for River Regulation and Bank Protection in Water Conservancy Projects
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作者 Zheng Yuan 《Journal of World Architecture》 2023年第3期73-76,共4页
There are many problems and deficiencies in traditional bank protection methods,which cause certain damage to the ecological environment of river channels.Recently,the issues of river management,improving bank protect... There are many problems and deficiencies in traditional bank protection methods,which cause certain damage to the ecological environment of river channels.Recently,the issues of river management,improving bank protection technology,formulating reasonable construction measures,and ensuring the smooth and efficient implementation of construction have been receiving increasing attention. 展开更多
关键词 water conservancy engineering river management Bank protection Construction technique
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Application of Micronucleus Technique in Testing River Pollution in the Qinhuang River, Binzhou City
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作者 ZHANG Jiqiang LIU Xuewen 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2017年第5期64-66,共3页
To figure out water pollution of the Qinhuang River in Binzhou City,broad bean root-tip micronucleus technique was applied to test water quality,water sample from different sampling points was taken to detect the cont... To figure out water pollution of the Qinhuang River in Binzhou City,broad bean root-tip micronucleus technique was applied to test water quality,water sample from different sampling points was taken to detect the contamination of broad bean root tips,so as to reflect water pollution using the pol ution indexes.The results showed that water in the Qinhuang River was polluted in different degrees,and water pollution grew more serious from the upper to the lower reaches.Water pollution sources include domestic sewage and solid waste,thus pollution discharge into the river must be strictly controlled to restore the polluted water and the ecological functions of waterscapes. 展开更多
关键词 Micronucleus technique Qinhuang river water quality Pollution index
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Investing in Strategies to Accelerate Conservation and Measure Impact in the Delaware River Watershed
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作者 William Penn Foundation 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2016年第7期201-208,共8页
The Delaware River watershed provides drinking water to over 15 million people, critical habitat for plants and animals, including many threatened and endangered species, and recreational and economic enterprise value... The Delaware River watershed provides drinking water to over 15 million people, critical habitat for plants and animals, including many threatened and endangered species, and recreational and economic enterprise valued at $10 billion per year in direct wages. Water quality and associated economic, environmental and social values have improved dramatically since the 1950s when the lower portion of the river was declared a dead zone during parts of the summer due to excessive inputs of domestic and industrial waste. The question today is how to ensure that progress continues in the face of persistent and growing threats to water quality. Recognizing the challenges facing the watershed, over 40 of the leading conservation groups in this 13,000 square mile region are pursuing a 10-year strategic initiative focused on water quality through the Delaware River Watershed Initiative, a conservation program advancing a combination of place-based work in watershed protection, restoration, education, collaboration and innovation through collective impact. This paper serves as an invitation for broader strategic involvement to accelerate watershed protection and restoration;it also is a springboard for stakeholders to set an agenda for ensuring that the Delaware River watershed delivers clean water for humans, plants and animals. The paper identifies eight “clusters” of sub-watersheds, constituting approximately 25 percent of the total Delaware Basin, where analysis has shown that investment in water quality could deliver significant returns. Diverse geology, land use, development patterns, population density and en-vironmental stressors are present throughout these sub-watershed clusters. Focusing conservation actions in these places contributes directly to local water quality, and by fostering experimentation and innovation, it also cultivates a wide range of effective approaches for scaling up investment across the Delaware River watershed and beyond. This paper emphasizes five strategies for investing in protection of high quality waters and restoration of impaired waters: 1. protect forested headwaters to maintain high water quality;2. manage agricultural lands to reduce polluted runoff and increase groundwater infiltration;3. implement best practices and new financial incentives to reduce urban stormwater pollution through natural processes;4. increase the evidence base for watershed protection by monitoring trends in water quality and assessing project impacts;5. improve policy and practice through applied research focused on water quality outcomes. These strategies demand place-based work, and the Delawre River Watershed Initiative will focus on advancing these efforts through the cooperation of organizations located in the eight distinct watershed clusters. Proceeding downstream from the headwaters, the eight landscapes are: Pocono Mountains and Kittatinny Ridge;New Jersey Highlands;Upper Lehigh River;Middle Schuylkill River;Schuylkill Highlands;Brandywine and Christina Rivers Upstream;Suburban Philadelphia;and Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer (comprising New Jersey’s Bayshore;and Pine Barrens). These clusters bring together many of the most ecologically valuable and significantly impaired areas of the watershed. They are strategically located where strong organizations and critical natural vatues provide measurable opportunities for advancing local water quality while having regional impact. The selection of areas and strategies was based on research and planning undertaken by the Open Space Institute (OSI) and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (ANSDU} with support from the William Penn Foundation. Researchers at OSI and ANSDU were joined by the National Fish and Wildlfe Foundation (NFWF) in engaging over 40 organizations working across the eight sub-watershed clusters to develop collaborative plans for implementing and measuring local conservation strategies essential to the long-term health and vibrancy of the region. These implementation plans tackle major threats to water quality and include strategies to track progress and share lessons learned. The plans provide a framework for public agencies and philanthropic funders seeking to pursue targeted watershed protection outcomes supported by monitoring, technical assistance and ongoing communications. Organizations large and small, public and private, are invited to read this paper and consider this program as an opportunity to align investment for greater impact and help ensure a bright future for the Delaware River watershed. 展开更多
关键词 Environment watershed Ecology STEWARDSHIP Land management water quality Adaptive management Delaware river MID-ATLANTIC Innovation Collaboration Community
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城市河流水质监测指标间的相关性分析及预测
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作者 陈向阳 肖巍峰 陈海峰 《南通职业大学学报》 2024年第2期94-99,共6页
为快速监测城市河流水质,有效追踪并控制污染源,选用某市4个水质监测站的19期监测数据,分析常规水质指标与核心水质指标间的相关性,揭示其水质状况和月度变化趋势,并使用Mantel检验和信息论模型选择方法确定与核心指标关联度最强的常规... 为快速监测城市河流水质,有效追踪并控制污染源,选用某市4个水质监测站的19期监测数据,分析常规水质指标与核心水质指标间的相关性,揭示其水质状况和月度变化趋势,并使用Mantel检验和信息论模型选择方法确定与核心指标关联度最强的常规指标,建立最优回归预测模型。研究发现,不同监测站的相同核心指标与常规指标的关联程度各异;高锰酸盐指数与浊度、总氮与溶解氧、氨氮与电导率、浊度与氯化物总体均呈正相关,且具有小幅波动;五日生化需氧量和总磷与常规指标间无显著相关。分析表明,在全面分析各监测站大量有效数据的基础上,构建相对可靠的总体回归预测模型,所得水质监测分析结果可为制定有效的水质污染防治措施提供决策依据。 展开更多
关键词 水质监测 指标相关性 水环境治理 城市河流
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山水林田湖草沙系统治理与水土保持高质量发展
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作者 胡春宏 张晓明 《水土保持通报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期441-447,共7页
[目的]中国水土流失治理已由“全面治理,重点治理”迈向“系统治理,攻坚克难”的新阶段。分析山水林田湖草沙系统治理的内涵、准则及其与水土保持的关系,旨在丰富新时代水土保持理论体系,引领水土保持高质量发展。[方法]在长期理论探索... [目的]中国水土流失治理已由“全面治理,重点治理”迈向“系统治理,攻坚克难”的新阶段。分析山水林田湖草沙系统治理的内涵、准则及其与水土保持的关系,旨在丰富新时代水土保持理论体系,引领水土保持高质量发展。[方法]在长期理论探索和实践验证的基础上,梳理山水林田湖草沙系统治理理念的发展过程,阐明其内涵、目标与实践准则。[结果]水土流失长期治理实践总结提升形成的以小流域为单元的综合治理技术路线是山水林田湖草沙生命共同体系统思想最朴素的实践体现。小流域综合治理的系统性主要体现为治理对象的系统协调,总体布局的系统统筹,治理措施的系统考量,治理成效的多效益兼顾,实施和管理的多部门协同和多主体参与的共治共享6个方面。水土保持高质量发展实践需要遵循的基于系统治理理念的具体举措包括:利用系统思维理解水土保持高质量发展的内涵和要求,精准诊断山水林田湖草沙系统短板及其控制性要素,构建山水林田湖草沙多层次全方位立体化防控体系,构筑完备的水土保持管理与技术保障体系。[结论]在新的历史时期,应该完整准确理解并全面贯彻落实山水林田湖草沙系统治理的理念,探索整体提升水土保持学术研究水平和治理效能的新路径、新模式、新机制。同时应结合区域或流域实际,对农田、水利、牧业、林业及生产建设活动进行全面综合系统的规划和治理,推动水土保持高质量发展。 展开更多
关键词 山水林田湖草沙 系统治理 生命共同体 水土保持 理论体系 小流域综合治理 高质量发展
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农村河道生态治理模式水质改善效果模拟 被引量:1
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作者 谢梦瑶 高玉琴 +1 位作者 彭亚敏 姚怀柱 《水电能源科学》 北大核心 2024年第3期200-203,58,共5页
随着河长制的全面推行和乡村振兴战略实施,农村河道生态治理行动在全国各地相继展开,农村水环境问题备受关注。立足于农村河道构建水动力-水质耦合模型,通过模拟3种生态治理模式(生态浮床、生态护岸和生态湿地)下农村河道污染物浓度变... 随着河长制的全面推行和乡村振兴战略实施,农村河道生态治理行动在全国各地相继展开,农村水环境问题备受关注。立足于农村河道构建水动力-水质耦合模型,通过模拟3种生态治理模式(生态浮床、生态护岸和生态湿地)下农村河道污染物浓度变化情况,分析3种治理模式对河道的水质改善效果。结果显示,生态湿地改善水质效果最佳;3种生态治理模式下,污染物降解量均与污染物本底浓度高度正相关,降解率与污染物本底浓度相关性一般;补水流量越大,污染物降解效果越突出,单位补水流量对降解污染物的贡献度越低,当补水流量约占本底流量的10%时,改善水质效果最佳。研究成果可为农村河道生态治理提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 农村河道 生态治理 MIKE11 水质改善 生态补水
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城市园林景观设计在河道水体综合水质治理中的作用研究
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作者 赵子游 李政 《环境科学与管理》 CAS 2024年第4期149-153,共5页
为了治理水污染、美化城市景观,研究城市园林景观设计在河道水体综合水质治理中的作用。分析城市河道水污染原因,针对不同河流区域及应用功能明确污染原因。针对河道水污染实际情况明确园林景观设计生物要素和非生物要素,提出河床、护... 为了治理水污染、美化城市景观,研究城市园林景观设计在河道水体综合水质治理中的作用。分析城市河道水污染原因,针对不同河流区域及应用功能明确污染原因。针对河道水污染实际情况明确园林景观设计生物要素和非生物要素,提出河床、护坡、水体等不同河道形态的水污染防治对策,充分发挥不同植物对水污染的治理作用。通过协同构建完善生态群落,利用藻类植物减少藻类植物的繁殖,净化水质,达到增强生态功能目的。实验证明,河道水污染得到了有效控制,各项污染指标在治理后均呈现下降趋势。 展开更多
关键词 水污染 河道治理 景观设计 环境治理 水质评价
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强化水资源管理保护推动长江经济带高质量发展 被引量:1
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作者 魏新平 《水利发展研究》 2024年第2期55-60,共6页
长江经济带发展战略是以习近平同志为核心的党中央作出的重大战略决策,水资源是长江经济带高质量发展的重要保障。文章总结了长江经济带发展战略实施以来水资源管理保护工作取得的成效,分析了新阶段长江经济带水资源管理保护的新形势和... 长江经济带发展战略是以习近平同志为核心的党中央作出的重大战略决策,水资源是长江经济带高质量发展的重要保障。文章总结了长江经济带发展战略实施以来水资源管理保护工作取得的成效,分析了新阶段长江经济带水资源管理保护的新形势和新要求,从坚持系统治理、保护水生态环境、优化水资源配置格局、强化水资源刚性约束、提升水资源智慧管理能力、完善水资源管理保护体制机制等方面提出了强化水资源管理保护的对策建议,为长江经济带精打细算用好水资源,从严从细管好水资源,推动高质量发展提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 长江经济带 水资源管理 水生态保护 高质量发展
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数字孪生钱塘江建设探索与实践研究
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作者 周红卫 《水利发展研究》 2024年第9期67-73,共7页
智慧水利建设是实现水利高质量发展的重要路径和显著标志,数字孪生水利是推进智慧水利建设的核心和关键。按照水利部强化流域治理管理和推进数字孪生流域建设工作部署,浙江省钱塘江流域中心聚焦钱塘江流域治理管理实际需求和实现业务“... 智慧水利建设是实现水利高质量发展的重要路径和显著标志,数字孪生水利是推进智慧水利建设的核心和关键。按照水利部强化流域治理管理和推进数字孪生流域建设工作部署,浙江省钱塘江流域中心聚焦钱塘江流域治理管理实际需求和实现业务“四预”核心功能,围绕建设机制、数据底板、关键技术和业务应用等积极探索数字孪生流域建设,取得的经验和成效对其他数字孪生流域建设具有一定借鉴意义。 展开更多
关键词 钱塘江流域 治理管理 数字孪生 智慧水利 高质量发展
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城市河道水环境生态治理方案分析
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作者 宋薇 赵峥 +2 位作者 韩丽君 车轩 柳蕊 《皮革制作与环保科技》 2024年第16期67-69,共3页
城市河道承担着防洪排涝等多重功能,也是重要的滨水景观资源。随着生态文明建设战略的深入实施,因较大的人口密度和污染负荷,城市河道水环境污染问题日益严重,且存在着较大的治理难度。而采用生态治理及修复方案,不仅可以满足城市河道... 城市河道承担着防洪排涝等多重功能,也是重要的滨水景观资源。随着生态文明建设战略的深入实施,因较大的人口密度和污染负荷,城市河道水环境污染问题日益严重,且存在着较大的治理难度。而采用生态治理及修复方案,不仅可以满足城市河道排涝、行洪等基本功能需求,还可以有效修复与整治城市河道水环境,从而促进其良性循环,有助于促进城市的可持续发展,提升城市形象和吸引力。基于此,本文针对城市河道水环境的生态治理方案进行重点研究,以供参考。 展开更多
关键词 城市河道 水环境治理 水质优化 方案
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长江流域三水协同调控关键技术应用展望 被引量:3
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作者 张万顺 王浩 周奉 《人民长江》 北大核心 2023年第1期8-13,23,共7页
长江流域三水统筹协同共治是支撑长江经济带高质量发展的关键抓手。当前长江流域干流水生态环境质量全面转好,但是仍存在支流和局部区域水资源调控复杂、水环境污染频发、水生态风险突出等多重问题。在长江生态文明建设背景下,亟需从水... 长江流域三水统筹协同共治是支撑长江经济带高质量发展的关键抓手。当前长江流域干流水生态环境质量全面转好,但是仍存在支流和局部区域水资源调控复杂、水环境污染频发、水生态风险突出等多重问题。在长江生态文明建设背景下,亟需从水资源、水环境、水生态统筹视角出发,破解三水融合协同共治与精准调控难题。深入分析了长江流域三水存在的问题及协同调控面临的挑战,提出了三水协同调控作用机制剖析、调控手段策略以及智慧化建设等三水协同调控关键技术体系的创新和应用。以期支撑流域三水量、质、效同步提升,推动实现长江流域“高颜值”生态环境和“高质量”经济协同发展的新格局。 展开更多
关键词 生态文明建设 长江流域 三水协同共治 靶向精准调控 高质量发展
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考虑大气沉降的湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析 被引量:2
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作者 陈炼钢 孙玉莹 +3 位作者 叶兴平 徐祎凡 何常清 金秋 《水资源保护》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第1期174-180,189,共8页
针对面源污染为主的湖库型流域,为建立水质目标管理与污染总量控制之间更精准的响应关系,借鉴日最大负荷总量模式,基于物质量平衡原理提出考虑径流丰枯变化、不均匀混合、大气沉降等影响因素的湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析方法,包括... 针对面源污染为主的湖库型流域,为建立水质目标管理与污染总量控制之间更精准的响应关系,借鉴日最大负荷总量模式,基于物质量平衡原理提出考虑径流丰枯变化、不均匀混合、大气沉降等影响因素的湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析方法,包括污染混合区设置、代表水文系列确定、逐日分区水量水质计算。以沙河水库为例,分别以全湖Ⅱ类、主湖Ⅱ类作为水质管理目标,采用2010—2015年代表水文系列对总氮动态水环境容量进行精细解析。结果表明:全湖Ⅱ类、主湖Ⅱ类水质管理目标下沙河水库总氮水环境容量的多年均值分别为36.7 t和99.43 t,若不考虑湖滨混合区,全湖Ⅱ类水质目标下总氮的年水环境容量计算值偏大66.43%;实施水质目标管理的水域面积越大,大气沉降对水环境容量的影响越大;径流年际及年内丰枯变化对水环境容量的影响显著;各分区总氮控制总量占全流域总量的比例与面积比基本一致。湖库分区动态水环境容量精细解析可量化不同因素对水环境容量计算结果的影响,科学解析面源输入型湖库水环境容量的时空结构特征,实现水质目标管理与污染总量分区管控的有机联动,更好地支撑流域水环境的精细化管理。 展开更多
关键词 水环境容量 水质目标管理 日最大负荷总量 大气沉降 湖库分区 总氮 沙河水库
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黄河流域高标准淤地坝内涵与科技问题 被引量:4
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作者 姚文艺 张攀 《人民黄河》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第2期1-8,共8页
建设高标准淤地坝是实现黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展国家战略目标的重要举措之一,对水土保持高质量发展和区域经济社会发展将起到积极促进作用。基于高标准淤地坝建设的目标与要求,分析了黄河流域淤地坝建设与技术标准发展历史进程,... 建设高标准淤地坝是实现黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展国家战略目标的重要举措之一,对水土保持高质量发展和区域经济社会发展将起到积极促进作用。基于高标准淤地坝建设的目标与要求,分析了黄河流域淤地坝建设与技术标准发展历史进程,探讨了高标准淤地坝定义与内涵,提出了需要研究的科学问题和关键技术,展望了高标准淤地坝发展前景。黄河流域淤地坝建设经历了起源、作用提升、坝系形成、规范建设、建设波动、高标准建设等6个阶段450余a的发展过程,高标准淤地坝概念的提出标志着淤地坝建设从“量”的发展进入“质”的提升新时期;淤地坝技术标准伴随着不同时期科学技术的发展和实践经验总结,经历了由20世纪80年代中期形成和之后不断完善、不断修订的过程;高标准淤地坝较之一般的淤地坝具有特殊的本质特征、价值及丰富的内涵和外延;在包括淤地坝在内的生态农业综合效益链中高标准淤地坝的地位与驱动机制、高标准淤地坝建设技术标准等是今后需要研究的重要课题。高标准淤地坝建设必将促进水土保持高质量发展,并对区域生态治理、衍生经济、社会文化、景观格局等的深度融合及协同发展起到更大的促进作用。 展开更多
关键词 高标准淤地坝 内涵 水土保持 生态保护 高质量发展 黄土高原 黄河流域
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创建黄河中游水土保持高质量监管示范区的机制与模式 被引量:7
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作者 姜德文 曹炜 《人民黄河》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第4期1-5,共5页
黄河中游地区是国家重要生态功能区、能源基地,防治水土流失、保护生态任务艰巨,迫切需要科学、精准、高效监管。针对黄河流域生产建设项目水土保持监管工作面广量大、监管能力不足、传统监管方式时效性不强等问题,提出了在晋陕蒙接壤... 黄河中游地区是国家重要生态功能区、能源基地,防治水土流失、保护生态任务艰巨,迫切需要科学、精准、高效监管。针对黄河流域生产建设项目水土保持监管工作面广量大、监管能力不足、传统监管方式时效性不强等问题,提出了在晋陕蒙接壤地区创建水土保持高质量监管示范区的工作机制、模式等:一是创新工作目标,率先做到无违规项目;二是创新合作共建工作体制,构建目标一致、行动自觉、协同发力的工作机制;三是创新内生动力,以自律守约为核心,整体提升水土保持信用水平;四是创新认知提升路径,各级领导、建设单位、青少年、社会公众整体提升水土保持生态文明认知水平与能力,做到知行合一;五是创新高质量评价内涵,全面提升科技支撑水平;六是数字赋能,科学分类管理,创新智慧监管平台,使生产建设项目水土保持监管工作实现智慧技术指导、智慧跟踪、智慧预警。 展开更多
关键词 生产建设项目 水土保持 高质量监管 监管新机制 管理新模式 晋陕蒙接壤地区 黄河中游
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调水调蓄水库水质三维模拟预测及保护对策 被引量:3
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作者 周瑾 刘丰 +4 位作者 许凤冉 陈文学 穆祥鹏 李想 黄海燕 《水利水电技术(中英文)》 北大核心 2023年第S02期293-300,共8页
对于大规模外调水成为主水源的调蓄水库,蓄水后水深会显著增加,水动力与水质状况将发生显著改变,有必要在蓄水前通过三维模拟研究其水质时空演变趋势、潜在问题及应对策略。以深圳市清林径水库为例,通过MIKE3软件实施三维水动力与水质模... 对于大规模外调水成为主水源的调蓄水库,蓄水后水深会显著增加,水动力与水质状况将发生显著改变,有必要在蓄水前通过三维模拟研究其水质时空演变趋势、潜在问题及应对策略。以深圳市清林径水库为例,通过MIKE3软件实施三维水动力与水质模拟,预测了东江调水入库蓄水过程中水质时空分布特征,及蓄满后水温分布特征。根据模拟结果,水位上升后出现稳定的季节性水温分层;受外调水和本地降雨径流影响,汛期部分时段进水口所在库湾及水库支流末端氮磷浓度相对较高;水库可能面临局部水华风险、裸露坡面污染、季节性水温分层、底层水质恶化等问题。本文有针对性地提出了外调水前置处理、面源与内源污染治理、分层取水、调水与供水时机调度优化等水质保障对策,可为大型引水调蓄水库水质预测与适应性管理提供借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 东江调水 清林径水库 水质模拟 温跃层 水环境治理
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