This systematic literature review aimed to analyze and synthesize studies that indicated the importance of behavioral observation in the organizational context.Based on Social Learning Theory and by considering releva...This systematic literature review aimed to analyze and synthesize studies that indicated the importance of behavioral observation in the organizational context.Based on Social Learning Theory and by considering relevant recent findings and theories,the impact of managers as role models for employees is researched and analyzed.The importance of this topic is to determine ways that learning and enhancing performance in the workplace can be applied for people management development.The literature for theory was numerous,however studies on the particular topic were limited and not expanded in the organizational context.The key message of this review is that the impact of managers and leaders can be positive and progressive both for the employees and for the organization.展开更多
Introduction The Transjugular Intra-hepatic Porto-Systemic Shunt(TIPS)was introduced in the early 1990's by Josef Rosch.It rapidly gained popularity in the US where at that time we were performing many per week.Or...Introduction The Transjugular Intra-hepatic Porto-Systemic Shunt(TIPS)was introduced in the early 1990's by Josef Rosch.It rapidly gained popularity in the US where at that time we were performing many per week.Originally,it was utilized to treat variceal hemorrhage with good results but,over time, endoscopic banding procedures have become better and the shunt has fallen into relative disfavor due to its higher than expected closure rate.In the ensuing fifteen years,there have been many changes in the approach to the treatment of portal hypertension and more specific role for this specialized procedure.展开更多
1. The focus is on private foundations, which are engaged in advancing science, technology, and the humanities. In this context the Volkswagen Foundationis a prominent example for Germany. 2. Accordingly, the paper do...1. The focus is on private foundations, which are engaged in advancing science, technology, and the humanities. In this context the Volkswagen Foundationis a prominent example for Germany. 2. Accordingly, the paper does not look at the management within firms , but at the systemic level of innovation management. Though innovation has a broadermeaning, including also economic, social, and political aspects. research and higher education are central arenas and factors of change. 3. Contemporary research and higher education are confronted with new challenges, which require new responses and new forms of innovation management: science and technology has become an integral part of the knowledge- based society; the boundaries between basic and applied research are vanishing, problem --oriented research is increasing, as a consequence the demand for inter展开更多
文摘This systematic literature review aimed to analyze and synthesize studies that indicated the importance of behavioral observation in the organizational context.Based on Social Learning Theory and by considering relevant recent findings and theories,the impact of managers as role models for employees is researched and analyzed.The importance of this topic is to determine ways that learning and enhancing performance in the workplace can be applied for people management development.The literature for theory was numerous,however studies on the particular topic were limited and not expanded in the organizational context.The key message of this review is that the impact of managers and leaders can be positive and progressive both for the employees and for the organization.
文摘Introduction The Transjugular Intra-hepatic Porto-Systemic Shunt(TIPS)was introduced in the early 1990's by Josef Rosch.It rapidly gained popularity in the US where at that time we were performing many per week.Originally,it was utilized to treat variceal hemorrhage with good results but,over time, endoscopic banding procedures have become better and the shunt has fallen into relative disfavor due to its higher than expected closure rate.In the ensuing fifteen years,there have been many changes in the approach to the treatment of portal hypertension and more specific role for this specialized procedure.
文摘1. The focus is on private foundations, which are engaged in advancing science, technology, and the humanities. In this context the Volkswagen Foundationis a prominent example for Germany. 2. Accordingly, the paper does not look at the management within firms , but at the systemic level of innovation management. Though innovation has a broadermeaning, including also economic, social, and political aspects. research and higher education are central arenas and factors of change. 3. Contemporary research and higher education are confronted with new challenges, which require new responses and new forms of innovation management: science and technology has become an integral part of the knowledge- based society; the boundaries between basic and applied research are vanishing, problem --oriented research is increasing, as a consequence the demand for inter
