Energy-Saving Construction Technologies for Buildings

The development of the construction industry is shifting towards low-carbon construction,so it is necessary to improve and optimize related construction concepts,methods,and processes.By improving resource and energy control efficiency in building projects,minimizing construction waste,and reducing environmental impact,a foundation for the sustainable development of the industry can be established.This paper mainly analyzes the significance of low-carbon energy-saving construction technology and the control factors of construction,summarizes the status quo of the development of building energy-saving construction,and puts forward strategies for applying building energy-saving construction technology.These strategies serve to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals to promote the healthy development of energy-saving construction.

Exploration of Energy-Saving Technologies in Building Electrical System Design

Green energy conservation is the mainstream trend in the current development of the construction industry.The application of energy-saving technology in building electrical system design can effectively reduce energy consumption,avoid unnecessary energy consumption,and truly achieve energy conservation and environmental protection.Based on this,the article elaborates on the principles of energy-saving design in building electrical systems,and actively explores the application of energy-saving technologies from different perspectives such as optimizing power supply and distribution system design,adopting high-efficiency energy-saving lighting equipment,applying renewable energy,promoting smart home technology,and improving the efficiency of building electrical equipment.

Application Strategy of PLC Technology in Energy-Saving Control of Tunnel Lighting

In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.

Energy-saving Technology of Vent in Passive Solar Wall of Rural House of Severe Cold Region

This paper aims at solving the problems of low thermal collection rate,inconvenient maintenance,hindering indoor using during the application of passive solar technologies in rural houses in severe cold region.All these defects prevent the passive solar houses' further development. This paper chooses trombe wall,which has higher thermal efficiency of the passive solar house,as research object. The traditional vent is improved into a new type of ventilation device. This improvement overcomes the shortcoming,which traditional vent loses huge heat,and simplifies the construction of vent. Comparing with traditional trombe wall,the energy saving rate is 15. 69%.

Energy-saving Technology Application in Building Water Supply and Drainage Construction

Under the increasing demands as well as resource shortages in today’s society,energy-saving technologies in building water supply and drainage construction plays a vital role.Through the rational application of energy-saving technologies,energy consumption in water supply and drainage projects can be significantly minimized and wastage of water resources can be reduced.This will play a very promising role in promoting sustainable development of resources and environmental conservation in the modern era.This paper analyzes the application of energy-saving technology in building water supply and drainage construction,with an aspiration to make energy-saving technology more reasonable in today’s building water supply and drainage projects and to improve the quality of water supply and drainage construction projects,while achieving effective environmental protection.

Overburden fracture evolution laws and water-controlling technologies in mining very thick coal seam under water-rich roof

Considering the danger of water inrush in mining very thick coal seam under water-rich roof in Majialiang Coal Mine,the universal discrete element(UDEC)software was used to simulate the overburden fracture evolution laws when mining 4#coal seam.Besides,this study researched on the influence of face advancing length,speed and mining height on the height of the water flowing fractured zones(HWFFZ),and analyzed the correlation of face advancing length and change rules of aquifer water levels and goaf water inflow.Based on those mentioned above,this research proposed the following water-controlling technologies:draining the roof water before mining,draining goaf water,reasonable advancing speed and mining thickness.These water-controlling technologies were successfully used in the feld,thus ensured safely mining the very thick coal seam under water-rich roof.

The application of the regenerative combustion technology to a radiant-tube furnace and its practice

This study compares the regenerative radiant-tube heater with the traditional radiant-tube heater, showing the regenerative radiant-tube heaters have many advantages in fuel consumption. Based on the experience of changing a heating system with traditional radiant-tube burners to a heating system with regenerative combustion, propositions are given for the combustion control system, pilot burner, flame detection and for trouble prevention in rebuilding the continuous annealing production line（CAPL） and the continuous galvanizing line（CGL）.

Application of the waste heat recovery system and energy-saving in the strip continuous annealing furnace

The common problem of cold strip continuous annealing furnaces is high exhaust gas temperature and great energy consumption. Taking the cold-strip continuous annealing furnaces of Baosteel No. 4 cold mill plant as an example, several waste heat recovery systems in the annealing furnaces are compared and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed through different energy-saving technologies.

闽南沿海红砖民居屋顶构造工艺研究

闽南沿海红砖民居的屋顶多以红瓦覆盖,在当地自然、人文等因素的影响下,发展出独具地域特色的形态特征和构造工艺,蕴含着深厚的建构思想与营造智慧。文章采用田野调研、匠师访谈等方法,从屋顶各部位的构造特征入手,归纳材料种类、尺寸与砌筑方式,探究其设计规律与原理,梳理构造做法的地域差异,总结构造设计与防雨、排水、抗风等实用功能的关联,以期为今后的相关研究以及遗产保护工作提供参考。

我国不同类别煤层顶板水害致灾机理与防控路径

我国是世界上成煤和赋存条件最复杂的国家,煤层顶板水文地质条件的多样性和复杂性,采动覆岩裂隙场与渗流场耦合的相互性和时变性以及煤层顶板突水的独特性和危害性,造成顶板水害是我国尤其是西部煤矿区的主要矿井灾害之一。为了更好地认识顶板水害和推广现有技术和探索新技术防控此类矿井灾害,在全面分析近年来我国煤层顶板水害事故规律与顶板充水含水层的赋存条件、突水模式、动力特征、力学行为等基础上,系统划分了顶板水害的类型、特征、主要类别的致灾机理及梳理了现有顶板水害的防治技术,并展望了未来顶板水害防治领域的发展方向。研究发现:①顶板水害主体架构包括巨厚基岩含水层涌(淋)水、薄基岩弱胶结层水-砂耦合溃涌、离层空间蓄水储能突水、天窗补给型突水、围岩烧变增透致突等5种类别,集中分布于秦岭—淮河沿线以北地区,陕、蒙、宁是顶板水害主要聚集地。②采动诱发巨厚基岩含水层下覆岩原生裂隙互馈-贯通发育“Z”型离层空间,导致采场出现大面积涌(淋)水现象;基于复合关键层破断力学条件,阐明了薄基岩弱胶结层水-砂耦合溃涌致灾的动力源;构建了离层失稳突水临界判别准则,将离层突水划分为静载扰动、“动+静”载复合扰动、复合煤层开采重复扰动3种模式;红土隔水层缺失及红土薄弱区采动劣化损伤是产生天窗越流补给的主要根源;围岩烧变增透,孔隙度增大,接受临近水源补水后形成新的含水结构体,在采动诱发下烧变岩水涌入采场发生水害事故。③梳理了当前煤层顶板水害“探-放-治”三位一体的解危防控技术体系,提出了井上下共轭联动、钻-采(掘)高位协同地质勘探系统,以防治水“三区”划分为导向的地质保障工作,“煤-水-生态”多目标齐抓共管的绿色开采和防治水理念,以及数智化、透明化矿山水文地质灾害信息维护系统等未来发展方向。

建筑屋面保温隔热防水施工技术探析

伴随着工程施工技术的不断进步,在目前的建筑工程中,对屋面结构的设计和施工也变得更加重视起来,采取适当的施工技术能够有效地减少施工中的难度,同时还能得到更高的施工质量。本文采用文献分析法重点讨论了屋面结构中的保温隔热和防水工程施工工艺,分析保温隔热的几种主要方式,并结合实际案例,对其具体的施工技术进行了详细的分析,以期在未来的工程中可以得到推广。

“L型”疏放水系统构建及其在松散层防治水中的应用

矿井突水在矿井生产中始终是一个安全隐患,特别是对于顶板松散含水层,处理不当可能会发生溃水溃砂事故。为确保研究区薄基岩厚松散含水层下煤层的安全开采,采用疏降或疏干含水层水是一种有效方法,但井下疏放受松散含水层塌孔影响无法顺利实施。以赵家寨矿为例,通过“L型”顶板水疏放系统构建,将上覆新近系松散含水层水由顶板水转化为底板水,从井下巷道排出,解决了薄基岩厚松散含水层下煤层综放开采问题,实现了工作面的安全回采。该技术的成功应用,对类似水文地质条件下的煤层开采具有推广价值。

甜水堡煤矿煤巷支护参数与设备工艺优化研究

目前巷道快速掘进技术研究主要针对巷道快速掘进的影响因素、设备优化等,对巷道空顶距、支护参数、施工工艺联合优化的研究较少。针对该问题,以甘肃省环县甜水堡煤矿2号井1309工作面回风巷为研究对象,对煤巷支护参数与设备工艺优化方法进行研究。分析了巷道掘进各工序的用时特征,得出掘进、永久支护、临时支护用时最多,占比分别为25.3%,49.9%,6.2%;以耗时最长的3个工序为重点优化方向,构建了掘进工作面空顶区顶板力学模型,得出掘进工作面理论最大空顶距为2.32 m,考虑现场受设备、地质、工艺等因素影响,确定空顶距为2.0 m;根据不同支护方案下巷道围岩应力、变形、塑性区的分布特征,结合巷道高效掘进需求,确定最佳锚杆间排距为800 mm×1000 mm。结合巷道实际的地质条件,配套优化了掘进设备、临时支护工艺与施工工艺。现场试验结果表明,优化后最大日进尺由8 m提高到10 m,巷道掘进速度提高了25%;巷道围岩变形基本处于稳定状态,最大变形量为226 mm。优化方案不仅保证了巷道的安全稳定,还显著提高了巷道的掘进速度。

地下铝土矿山顶板稳定性分析及事故预防管理

准确划分巷道围岩等级类别是评价地下工程安全与稳定性的基础。针对山西省吕梁市兴县地下铝土矿山巷道冒顶问题,结合现场勘探与工程实测,从巷道顶板岩性、岩石结构及其坚固性系数分析入手,划分并制定了五级标准顶板和五级围岩稳定性分类。在此基础上,通过深入分析巷道变形破坏特征,针对性制定出了五级围岩对应的支护方案;阐述并提出了地下铝土矿山井巷顶板管理办法,指出在管理方面应从制度建设、危险源辨识与隐患排查、教育培训、流程管理、应急处置五个方面进行细化分析,以形成全流程、全链条的顶板闭环管理模式。研究成果可为铝土矿山巷道围岩稳定性分析和工程事故预防提供理论依据和工程应用价值。

BIM在建筑光伏一体化设计中的应用研究——以世界顶尖科学家论坛永久会址项目为例

本文针对碳中和背景下的建筑光伏一体化设计难题,对BIM在建筑光伏一体化中的应用进行了研究,分析了建筑光伏一体化的设计要点,得到BIM技术在建筑光伏一体化项目中的解决方案。为深化BIM技术应用,实现建造新技术和绿色新技术的融合,本文以世界顶尖科学家论坛永久会址项目为例,探究其在建筑形体设计、日照遮挡分析、光伏排列布置、多维度协同设计方面的应用价值,旨在为类似项目提供经验和参考。

大跨度钢结构屋顶吊装施工技术设计

钢结构对于绝大多数大型建筑屋面的稳定性具有极其重要的作用,为解决传统吊装工艺中出现的问题,提高屋顶吊装施工质量,研究大跨度钢结构屋顶吊装施工技术。本研究以某展览馆建设项目为研究背景,通过安排吊点位置计算和吊装方案设计等施工前准备工作,明确施工工艺流程,结合项目概况,选择综合吊装方法进行施工。通过合理布设监测点对构件的变形与应力情况进行监测,结果表明,整体结构的最大位移与应力值均满足控制要求,表明所设计的施工方案具有一定的可行性。

基于BIM的屋面广场砖整砖排布技术研究与应用

对将BIM技术用于屋面工程中的广场砖进行深化设计,做到屋面分区均匀合理,坡度准确,排水系统流畅,整体协调,美观大方。而且对排砖的前期工作和施工阶段都起到一个良好的指导作用。在分析目前国内普遍使用CAD软件进行排砖所存在问题的基础上,以广西某医院住院楼A栋为分析对象,应用BIM技术对其进行三维模拟排砖,提出BIM模拟排砖最佳施工方案,该技术不仅提高排砖效率,而且其过程形象、直观。从而有效地解决目前传统软件CAD排砖中存在的排砖效率低下,不够形象直观等问题。BIM技术的应用不仅提高整个屋面的美观度更是在屋面施工精细化管理、节省材料等方面发挥作用,达到指导创优的目标,值得普及推广。

Temperature-Based Fan Speed Optimization Strategy

As energy efficiency and indoor comfort increasingly become key standards in modern residential and office environments,research on intelligent fan speed control systems has become particularly important.This study aims to develop a temperature-feedback-based fan speed optimization strategy to achieve higher energy efficiency and user comfort.Firstly,by analyzing existing fan speed control technologies,their main limitations are identified,such as the inability to achieve smooth speed transitions.To address this issue,a BP-PID speed control algorithm is designed,which dynamically adjusts fan speed based on indoor temperature changes.Experimental validation demonstrates that the designed system can achieve smooth speed transitions compared to traditional fan systems while maintaining stable indoor temperatures.Furthermore,the real-time responsiveness of the system is crucial for enhancing user comfort.Our research not only demonstrates the feasibility of temperature-based fan speed optimization strategies in both theory and practice but also provides valuable insights for energy management in future smart home environments.Ultimately,this research outcome will facilitate the development of smart home systems and have a positive impact on environmental sustainability.

高家堡煤矿顶板深孔爆破致裂半径数值模拟及试验研究

冲击地压灾害是制约高家堡煤矿安全高效回采的难题之一,顶板深孔爆破作为一种有效的冲击地压灾害控制手段,已被应用于高家堡煤矿的冲击地压防治。顶板深孔爆破致裂半径是设计爆破方案的重要参数之一。为探究高家堡煤矿顶板深孔爆破的致裂半径,以高家堡煤矿二盘区205工作面地质条件为工程背景,采用数值模拟和现场试验方法进行研究。首先,基于Hoek-Brown破坏准则的应变软化模型数值模拟了岩石柱状爆破,数值结果表明该条件下顶板深孔爆破钻孔径向方向粉碎区半径为0.58 m,裂隙区半径为3.00 m。然后,在高家堡煤矿205工作面回撤通道开展顶板深孔爆破致裂半径测定现场试验,采用束管分析技术对检测孔在顶板爆破前后的气体成分进行测定。结果表明,距离爆破孔2.95 m处的3号检测孔中氧气和二氧化碳含量降低,氮气含量增加,且检测到一氧化碳气体,说明爆破试验孔产生的爆破裂隙导通了3号检测孔,可确定高家堡煤矿顶板爆破致裂半径可达到2.95 m,该结果与数值模拟基本一致。研究结果能够为类似条件下顶板深孔爆破方案设计提供指导。

缓倾斜中厚矿体采矿方法研究

该文以国外某缓倾斜中厚铅锌矿体赋存条件及开采技术问题为背景,提出一种高效的垂直分条嗣后充填采矿法,并对该采矿法成功应用存在的技术问题进行分析。针对矿体上盘围岩条件差、下盘三角矿体回收困难,提出双进路出矿巷道2步骤回采控顶技术和预控顶垂直分条嗣后充填采矿法2种解决技术方案,以争取实现此类缓倾斜中厚矿体的安全高效开采。