NONLINEAR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDRODYNAMIC JOURNAL BEARING-FLEXIBLE ROTOR SYSTEM

The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of flexible rotor system with hydrodynamicbearing supports are analyzed. The shaft is modeled by using the finite element method that takesthe effect of inertia and shear into consideration. According to the nonlinearity of thehydrodynamic journal bearing-flexible rotor system, a modified modal synthesis technique withfree-interface is represented to reduce degrees-of-freedom of model of the flexible rotor system.According to physical character of oil film, variational constrain approach is introduced tocontinuously revise the variational form of Reynolds equation at every step of dynamic integrationand iteration. Fluid lubrication problem with Reynolds boundary is solved by the isoparametricfinite element method without the increasing of computing efforts. Nonlinear oil film forces andtheir Jacobians are simultaneously calculated and their compatible accuracy is obtained. Theperiodic motions are obtained by using the Poincare -Newton-Floquet (PNF) method. A method,combining the predictor-corrector mechanism to the PNF method, is presented to calculate thebifurcation point of periodic motions to be subject to change of system parameters. The localstability and bifurcation behaviors of periodic motions are obtained by Floquet theory. The chaoticmotions of the bearing-rotor system are investigated by power spectrum. The numerical examples showthat the scheme of this study saves computing efforts but also is of good precision.

Complex nonlinear behaviors of a rotor dynamical system with non-analytical journal bearing supports

Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of a rotor dynamical system with finite hydrodynamic bearing supports were investigated. In order to increase the numerical accuracy and decrease computing costs, the isoparametric finite element method based on variational constraint approach is introduced because analytical bearing forces are not available. This method calculates the oil film forces and their Jacobians simultaneously while it can ensure that they have compatible accuracy. Nonlinear motion of the bearing-rotor system is caused by strong nonlinearity of oil film forces with respect to the displacements and velocities of the center of the rotor. A method consisting of a predictor-corrector mechanism and Newton-Raphson method is presented to calculate equilibrium position and critical speed corresponding to Hopf bifurcation point of the bearing-rotor system. Meanwhile the dynamic coefficients of bearing are obtained. The nonlinear unbalance periodic responses of the system are obtained by using Poincaré-Newton-Floquet method and a combination of predic- tor-corrector mechanism and Poincaré-Newton-Floquet method. The local stability and bifuration behaviors of periodic motions are analyzed by the Floquet theory. Chaotic motion of long term dynamic behaviors of the system is analyzed with power spectrum. The numerical results reveal such complex nonlinear behaviors as periodic, quasi-periodic, chaotic, jumped and coexistent solutions.

不确定转子系统动力学降阶模型构建与模型散度参数辨识

在航空、航天、船舶等领域的实际工程转子系统中,广泛存在高维复杂的非线性系统。在航空发动机转子系统、燃气轮机转子系统等重点研究领域,通常还难以对高维复杂非线性系统进行直接的数据处理和分析统计。针对不确定性转子系统的模型维度较高等问题,提出了一种模型不确定性动力学降阶计算模型构建和模型散度参数辨识方法。首先,根据确定性动力学模型和静态矩阵降阶方法,完善了确定性动力学降阶模型;然后,基于随机矩阵理论和非参数动力学建模方法,提出了不确定性动力学降阶模型;最后,利用系统确定性模型的一阶临界转速、振型和实验数据,对不确定性动力学模型的散度参数进行了辨识;为了验证散度参数辨识方法的有效性,笔者又在转子实验平台上进行了实验验证。研究结果表明:实验结果与降阶之后振动响应均值的差异性较小,且与不确定性动力学模型相差不超过10%,表明所采用的理论模型在描述转子系统行为方面具备了较高的准确性和可靠性,该模型可以为深入研究模型不确定性转子系统提供参考。

STABILITY AND BIFURCATION OF UNBALANCE ROTOR/LABYRINTH SEAL SYSTEM

The influence of labyrinth seal on the stability of unbalanced rotor system was presented . Under the periodic excitation of rotor unbalance , the whirling vibration of rotor is synchronous if the rotation speed is below stability threshold, whereas the vibration becomes severe and asynchronous which is defined as unstable if the rotation speed exceeds threshold . The. Muszynska model of seal force and shooting method were used to investigate synchronous solution of the dynamic equation of rotor system. Then , based on Floquet theory the stability of synchronous solution and unstable dynamic characteristic of system were analyzed.

Nonlinear characteristic investigation of magnetorheological damper-rotor system with local nonlinearity

Magnetorheological(MR)dampers show superior performance in reducing rotor vibration,but their high nonlinearity will cause nonsynchronous response,resulting in fatigue and instability of rotors.Herein,we are devoted to the investigation of the nonlinear characteristics of MR damper mounted on a flexible rotor.First,Reynolds equations with bilinear constitutive equations of MR fluid are employed to derive nonlinear oil film forces.Then,the Finite Element(FE)model of rotor system is developed,where the local nonlinear support forces produced by MR damper and its coupling effects with the rotor are considered.A hybrid numerical method is proposed to solve the nonlinear FE motion equations of the MR damper-rotor system.To validate the proposed model,a rotor test bench with two dual-coil MR dampers is constructed,upon which experimental studies on the dynamic characteristics of MR damper-rotor system are carried out.The effects of different system parameters,including rotational speed,excitation current and amount of unbalance,on nonlinear dynamic behaviors of MR damper-rotor system are evaluated.The results show that the system may appear chaos,jumping,and other complex nonlinear phenomena,and the level of the nonlinearity can be effectively alleviated by applying suitable excitation current and oil supply pressure.

汽轮发电机组转子振动预警方法研究

汽轮发电机组转子长期连续高速旋转,不可避免地出现转子振动状态变化,而转子振动状态的优劣直接影响整个机组安全运行,对其预警方法的研究势在必行。首先统计转子振动运行规律;其次基于振动运行规律提出转子振动异常阈值计算方法;再次依托异常阈值和非线性状态评估(Nonlinear State Estimation Technique,NSET)提出转子振动预警方法;最后利用某电厂机组运行数据进行测试验证,并与基于反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络的振动预警方法进行对比,结果表明所提方法可以准确有效实现转子振动预警。

桨叶数目对对转螺旋桨气动和噪声特性的影响

对转螺旋桨的高效率与低油耗等优点已引起人们越来越多的关注。然而,噪声是对转螺旋桨研制过程中亟需解决的关键问题。基于非线性谐波法和声类比理论,研究了转子桨叶数目对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律及其物理机制。以某型对转螺旋桨为基准对象,研究了7种不同桨叶数组合的对转螺旋桨模型。研究发现,增加对转螺旋桨前/后排转子桨叶数,前/后排转子拉力系数和功率系数将增大,而其波动幅值则明显减小,但这也将损害对转螺旋桨的总推进效率。提出在增加前/后排转子桨叶数的同时适当降低前/后排转子转速,结果表明,该方案既可以保证对转螺旋桨总推力及总效率不受影响,还可以在干涉噪声频率下,获得比单纯增加桨叶数更明显、更宽广的降噪效果。

Improved incremental transfer matrix method for nonlinear rotor-bearing system

Rotor system supported by nonlinear bearing such as squeeze film damper(SFD)is widely used in practice owing to its wide range of damping capacity and simplicity in structure.In this paper,an improved and effective Incremental transfer matrix method(ITMM)is first presented by combining ITMM and fast Fourier transform(FFT).Afterwards this method is applied to calculate the dynamic characteristics of a Jeffcott rotor system with SFD.The convergence dificulties incurred caused by strong nonlinearities of SFD has been dealt by adopting a control factor.It is found that for the more general boundary problems where the boundary conditions are not at input and output ends of a chain system,the supplementary equation is necessarily added.Additionally,the Floquet theory is used to analyze the stability and bifurcation type of the obtained periodic solution.The semi-analytical results,including the periodic solutions of the system,the bifurcation points and their types,are in good agreement with the numerical method.Furthermore,the involution mechanism of the quasi-periodic and chaotic motions near the first-order translational mode and the second order bending mode of this system is also clarified by this method with the aid of Floquet theory.

不同轴承支撑下碰摩转子系统的动力学特性

研究了不同类型轴承支撑下的转子碰摩故障振动特征。首先,采用了计及回转效应、剪切效应及横向扭转的梁单元建立了实验装置转子的有限元分析模型;然后,通过二维计算流体力学方法得到不同类型轴承的动力学参数;最后,在此基础上,结合非线性动力学理论,分析比较了转子在圆柱轴承、可倾瓦轴承等5种轴承支撑下的碰摩非线性动力学行为。研究结果表明:在椭圆轴承、五瓦轴承和四瓦可倾瓦轴承支撑下,系统主要表现为同频周期运动;而对于圆柱轴承和四油叶轴承支撑,系统会出现较复杂的运动。本研究工作是对之前转子碰摩非线性动力学研究的扩展,所得计算结果可为大型高速旋转机械系统动态设计制造和碰摩故障的诊断和控制提供理论参考。

双盘转子系统轴向-径向碰摩非线性动力学特性分析

动静碰摩是透平机械常见的故障之一,其动力学行为较为复杂,表现为在机器运行的过程中碰摩故障产生的故障征兆丰富多样。建立了双盘转子-轴承系统在轴向碰摩、径向碰摩以及两种碰摩共同冲击下的有限元法连续模型,采用计及了回转效应和剪切效应的梁单元,对转子系统在不同碰摩情况下的非线性动力学行为进行了数值模拟,研究了转子转速、转子系统上的不平衡量的分布以及碰摩刚度对系统的影响。研究结果表明:相对于径向碰摩故障的动力学特征,轴向碰摩产生的非线性特征不明显,与工程中观察的现象基本一致的;但当两种碰摩均考虑时,系统的非线性动力学特征与仅考虑径向碰摩时有显著的不同。所得计算结果可为大型高速旋转机械系统的故障诊断和碰摩故障的振动控制提供理论指导,从而保证系统的安全运行。

迷宫密封不平衡转子动力系统的稳定性与分岔

研究迷宫密封对不平衡转子系统动力稳定性的影响· 存在不平衡量的转子在旋转过程中受到周期激励,低转速时,转子作与激励同频率的周期运动,随着转速的提高,达到一定阈值时周期运动开始失稳· 对迷宫密封的气动力采用Muszynska非线性力学模型,用打靶法求解转子运动周期解。

质量不平衡转子的弯扭耦合振动分析

对Jeffcott质量不平衡转子建立弯扭耦合振动方程。利用小参数法,得到该耦合振动方程的解析解,并给出数值仿真结果。理论分析与计算表明:弯振与扭振是相互耦合的,质量偏心是耦合的前提;转子在圆频率为ω1的外部激励作用下,通过弯扭耦合,主要激发出频率为|Ω-ω1|的扭振。当转子有频率为ωT1的外扭矩作用时,将主要激励产生|Ω±ωT1|频率成分的弯振;转速Ω等于转轴扭振固有频率ωt0与弯振固有频率ω0之和或之差时,可能发生弯扭耦合共振;当外激励的频率为弯振(或扭振)固有频率时,也会激发出较大的扭振(或弯振);弯扭耦合共振导致转子损坏的可能性很小,可为故障诊断提供有益的信息。

轴向槽气体润滑轴承-转子系统非线性行为

基于非线性理论,分析了气体动压轴承-转子非线性动力系统的不平衡响应。建立了与时间相关的非线性气体动压轴承的压力分布模型和气体动压轴承-刚性Jeffcott转子系统的动力学模型。运用微分变换法求解了动压气体润滑的Reynolds方程,得到了非线性气膜压力分布。运用分岔图、轨迹图、Poincaré映射图及频谱图研究了三轴向槽有限宽气体轴承支承的非线性转子系统的不平衡响应。数值结果表明,系统的非线性行为包括周期运动、周期二运动、周期四运动、周期八运动及混沌运动等。

支承非线性特性对双转子系统的响应特性影响研究

以双转子试验器为研究对象,开展高维复杂双转子系统的建模方法和动力特性的研究。将双转子系统划分为模态子结构和连接子结构,利用有限元方法和固定界面模态综合进行模态子结构的建模及维数缩减,将连接子结构保留在物理空间中,通过界面对接条件实现子结构的组装,利用Newmark法进行含局部非线性的双转子系统运动方程的数值求解。进行了计算模型的试验验证,并研究了转子系统的响应规律。研究结果表明:随转速的变化,转子响应中出现了滚动轴承的变刚度振动频率、不平衡激励频率及相关组合频率;同步不平衡响应的变化规律与支承位置、转子各轮盘的不平衡量及临界振型有着密切的联系。

非线性转子—轴承系统的动力学特性及稳定性

研究非线性转子—轴承系统的动力学特性及稳定性。采用改进的自由界面模态综合技术给出一种自由度降阶方法 ,该方法将非线性油膜力及非线性自由度保留在物理空间 ,以增加非线性分析的精度 ,使降阶系统仍具有局部非线性特征。基于打靶法及将延续算法和打靶法相结合的轨迹预测追踪算法 ,研究系统非线性不平衡响应 。

基于Reynolds边界的滑动轴承动力学系数的计算及应用

运用有限元方法,在不需要额外求解Reynolds方程的情况下,求解了具有Reynolds边值条件的流体润滑问题,使得同时完成动力积分过程中非线性油膜力及影响Floquet乘子求解的油膜力Jacobian矩阵的计算成为可能;运用打靶法及预估-校正和打靶法相结合的延续算法考察了轴承-转子系统的非线性不平衡响应及其随轴承设计参数改变而出现的分岔现象,实现了计算量的有效减少.

碰摩故障下高维转子系统降维方法研究

碰摩故障下的转子系统为高维非线性系统,为提高数值模拟的效率,减少仿真精度损失,对比标准Galerkin法(SGM)、非线性Galerkin法(NGM)和特征正交分解法(POD)对碰摩故障下的高维转子-滚动轴承系统降维的适应性。利用Runge-Kutta方法对原系统模型和降维模型在典型工况ω=1500rad/s时进行数值仿真,对比分析轴心轨迹图。结果表明:在较大碰摩间隙下,SGM、NGM以及POD法均能有效应用于系统的降维,但NGM和POD优于SGM法;在较小碰摩间隙下,非线性碰摩力增大,SGM与NGM降维方法失效,而POD法依然有效,其在处理碰摩故障下高维转子系统的强非线性问题时要优于SGM和NGM。利用POD法对碰摩故障下的高维转子系统进行降维处理,在保证仿真精度的同时能提高数值模拟的效率。

盘式分布拉杆转子系统扭转振动非线性动力学特性分析

随着燃气轮机技术的发展,盘式分布拉杆转子系统在燃气轮机等动力机械中得到广泛应用。主要研究盘式分布拉杆转子扭转振动的非线性动力学特性,通过考虑叶盘接触效应和拉杆等效简化,建立一个新的系统扭转振动方程。利用多尺度方法求解动力学方程解析解,并获得拉杆转子系统扭转振动幅频方程和解析曲线,根据奇异性理论获得系统转迁集,并利用动力学系统的扰动方程零解稳定性研究原系统的周期解的稳定特性,并发现系统动力学参数对其影响规律,并根据新模型建立实际结构参数与非线性动力学参数的联系,给出系统稳定性边界条件。分析结果对燃气轮机转子系统动力学设计具有一定的指导意义。

非线性动力学理论及其在机械系统中应用的若干进展

非线性动力学的理论及其工程应用是非线性科学研究的前沿和热点,应用非线性动力学的理论揭示事物动态过程现象的本质和机理,进行自主性原始创新,具有十分重大的理论和应用价值,在科学与工程中具有广阔的应用前景。综述非线性动力学基础理论方面的近期研究成果及其在机械系统中应用的研究进展。理论研究方面主要涉及揭示非线性动力系统周期分岔解与系统结构参数之间关系的C-L方法、高余维分岔的普适分类、高余维非对称分岔的普适开折、约束分岔的分类、计算非线性自治系统正规形的直接方法、计算非线性非自治系统正规形的复内积平均法以及高维非线性系统的降维方法等。应用方面主要涉及大型旋转机械非线性转子系统的失稳机理、分岔解与混沌运动、故障诊断及其综合治理技术;冲击振动机械的稳定性、Hopf分岔、亚谐分岔、余维二分岔和混沌运动;大型共振筛的非线性振动及其动力学设计方法等。

200MW汽轮机低压转子-轴承系统的非线性动力学分析

采用数值计算方法对实际大型转子-轴承系统的非线性动力学特性进行了研究,计算结果能与现场的运行经验很好地吻合。用有限元法建立了200MW汽轮机低压转子-轴承系统的非线性振动微分方程。采用Newmark逐步积分法对转子在升、降速过程中的振动响应进行了数值仿真,得到了转子发生油膜失稳的转速和油膜振荡的"惯性迟滞"现象。对转子的重力和不平衡量对系统的油膜涡动和油膜振荡的影响进行了计算和分析。计算得到了转子的振动随转子的偏心距、轴承的长径比、间隙比、润滑油粘度的变化规律,分析结果为定量和定性分析该类机组转子-轴承系统的稳定性提供了参考依据。