Roughness Control of Layer-by-Layer and Alternative Spray Films from Congo Red and PAH via Laser Light Irradiation

Films from congo red (CR) alternated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride), PAH, were prepared by layer-by-layer and alternative spray techniques. In order to investigate the change of roughness induced by laser light irradiation (532 nm), both kinds of films were characterized by using UV-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). At dif- ferent irradiation times, layer-by-layer, LbL, films showed small changes in the roughness and irregular behavior, whereas spray films exhibited higher and a regular decreasing of roughness with increasing irradiation time. The higher roughness of spray films as compared with the LbL ones was attributed to different formation mechanisms of the films. The decreasing of the roughness as a function of the irradiation time (exhibited by the spray films) was associated to surface relaxation due to the interplay between photoisomerization of congo red dye and the heating of the sample during the laser light irradiation. The results suggested that the alternative spray technique is the best choose to control of roughness of the films by using light irradiation.

Research on development of surface-roughness variation and control technology of the automotive plates and rolls

Surface roughness considerably influences the stamping and coating performance of the automotive plates;however,the surface roughness of the automotive plates is transferred from the roll during the rolling process.Therefore,the variation and control technology regarding the roughness of the automotive plates and rolls has drawn increasing attention from researchers in China and around the globe.In this study,the research methods,analytical techniques,prediction models,transfer rules,and control technologies regarding the surface roughness of the automotive plates and rolls were reviewed.Among these,an online measurement system for automotive-plate and roll surface roughness has been applied to the production lines of Germany,China,Belgium,Holland,Austria,and other countries and has achieved remarkable results.Online measurement and timely feedback regarding the automotive-plate and roll surface roughness are needed to ensure favorable conditions for the establishment of automotive-plate roughness-control measurement.

Virtual Simulation System with Path-following Control for Lunar Rovers Moving on Rough Terrain

Virtual simulation technology is of great importance for the teleoperation of lunar rovers during the exploration phase, as well as the design of locomotion systems, performance evaluation, and control strategy verification during the R&D phase. The currently used simulation methods for lunar rovers have several disadvantages such as poor fidelity for wheel-soil interaction mechanics, difficulty in simulating rough terrains, and high complexity making it difficult to realize mobility control in simulation systems. This paper presents an approach for the construction of a virtual simulation system that integrates the features of 3D modeling, wheel-soil interaction mechanics, dynamics analysis, mobility control, and visualization for lunar rovers. Wheel-soil interaction experiments are carried out to test the forces and moments acted on a lunar rover’s wheel by the soil with a vertical load of 80 N and slip ratios of 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6. The experimental results are referenced in order to set the parameters’ values for the PAC2002 tire model of the ADAMS/Tire module. In addition, the rough lunar terrain is simulated with 3DS Max software after analyzing its characteristics, and a data-transfer program is developed with Matlab to simulate the 3D reappearance of a lunar environment in ADAMS. The 3D model of a lunar rover is developed by using Pro/E software and is then imported into ADAMS. Finally, a virtual simulation system for lunar rovers is developed. A path-following control strategy based on slip compensation for a six-wheeled lunar rover prototype is researched. The controller is implemented by using Matlab/Simulink to carry out joint simulations with ADAMS. The designed virtual lunar rover could follow the planned path on a rough terrain. This paper can also provide a reference scheme for virtual simulation and performance analysis of rovers moving on rough lunar terrains.

Adaptive Predictive Inverse Control of Offshore Jacket Platform Based on Rough Neural Network

The offshore jacket platform is a complex and time-varying nonlinear system, which can be excited of harmful vibration by external loads. It is difficult to obtain an ideal control performance for passive control methods or traditional active control methods based on accurate mathematic model. In this paper, an adaptive inverse control method is proposed on the basis of novel rough neural networks （RNN） to control the harmful vibration of the offshore jacket platform, and the offshore jacket platform model is established by dynamic stiffness matrix （DSM） method. Benefited from the nonlinear processing ability of the neural networks and data interpretation ability of the rough set theory, RNN is utilized to identify the predictive inverse model of the offshore jacket platform system. Then the identified model is used as the adaptive predictive inverse controller to control the harmful vibration caused by wave and wind loads, and to deal with the delay problem caused by signal transmission in the control process. The numerical results show that the constructed novel RNN has advantages such as clear structure, fast training speed and strong error-tolerance ability, and the proposed method based on RNN can effectively control the harmful vibration of the offshore jacket platform.

Rough集理论及其应用发展

论述了Rough集理论在人工智能、认知科学等领域的应用情况,讨论了Rough集理论的发展前景及趋势.论文中较为重要的创新之处的是,基于粗糙神经网络构造了一种从虚拟的场景图像智能化地直接推测符合主观听感的音质效果参数的模型.

运用Rough集理论研究工艺变量对RTM产品质量的影响(英文)

提出基于Rough集理论的用于研究工艺变量对RTM产品质量影响的一个方法程式,然后通过一个示例表明这一程式的可行性。

基于Rough集理论的数据库推理通道动态消除

提出了一种基于Rough集理论的数据库推理泄漏通道消除方法。在由数据库中所有数据生成的不完备决策表上,该方法应用Rough集理论,分析提取出敏感和非敏感数据之间的确定性推理关系,以此产生推理控制规则。利用这些规则对数据库系统返回给普通用户的数据动态地做最小修改,防止推理通道的产生。实验结果表明,该方法可扩展性强,在保证较高的数据库安全性的同时提高了数据可用性。

NC Rough Machining of Sculptured Surface Based on Measured Data

A new method for generating tool paths for rough machining of sculpturedsurface is presented in this paper. The sculptured surface is approximated by a regular mesh ofquadrangular facets. A set of equidistant horizontal planes are assigned to intersect the blank ofmachined part and surface model , resulting in a series of contours, which demarcate the feasiblecutting regions of each layer of material removal. The desired cutter path is computed through NCprogramming and any gouging between the cutter and the part being machined is detected and correctedautomatically. The proposed algorithm successfully solves the problem of layered milling forsculptured surface with nested islands.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DATA MINING METHOD FOR LAND CONTROL

Land resources are facing crises of being misused,especially for an intersection area between town and country,and land control has to be enforced.This paper presents a development of data mining method for land control.A vector_match method for the prerequisite of data mining i.e., data cleaning is proposed,which deals with both character and numeric data via vectorizing character_string and matching number.A minimal decision algorithm of rough set is used to discover the knowledge hidden in the data warehouse.In order to monitor land use dynamically and accurately,it is suggested to set up a real_time land control system based on GPS,digital photogrammetry and online data mining.Finally,the means is applied in the intersection area between town and country of Wuhan city,and a set of knowledge about land control is discovered.

RESEARCH ON THE 3-AXES ROUGH MILLING OF MULTI-SURFACES

In particular, a fair amount of the machining time may be spent in rough cutting process when a large portion of the raw material has to be removed. Therefore, an algorithm for generating the toolpath for rough cutting is suggested in the paper. The algorithm is based on an extended tracing method for plane/surface intersection is proposed for smooth surface. A 2.5D milling or parallel offset machining is to be used to significantly improve producitvity and lead to lower production costs for the sculptured multi surfaces part rough machining..

Depth Control for AUV Based on RS-LSSVM

Aimed at uncertainties and model's impreciseness, nonlinearity and time-variability of depth control system in autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), a depth predictive control method was put forward based on rough set (RS) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). By using RS theory, the monitor data attribute of AUV was reduced to eliminate the redundant information and to improve efficiency. Then, LSSVM model was trained by using the reduced rules, and its parameters were optimized by using chaos theory for the higher accurate control. Taken an AUV typed NPS Phoenix as an example, its depth step response, horizontal rudder and pitch change were simulated. The simulation results show that the method improves the model's accuracy and has better real-time response, fault-tolerant ability, reliability and strong anti-interfere capability.

基于地形特征时频变换的无人特种车辆速度自适应控制方法

为提高复杂环境下无人特种车辆安全性、自主性及作业能力,面向在崎岖地形下无人特种车辆应用需求,提出一种基于地形特征时频变换的速度自适应控制方法。通过度量地形特征崎岖度、建立崎岖度和车速数学模型,实现无人特种车辆在崎岖地形的自主、自适应车速规划。针对崎岖地形和坡度引起的点云数据失真问题,融合惯性测量单元传感器数据对点云进行补偿,获得了车辆前方地形的精准点云数据;针对可视距离与跟踪精度冲突问题,不同于传统横向曲率计算方式,采用以线到面的方式,将激光雷达纵向剖面点云数据进行时频变换后,在频域内选取次频区域的积分面积作为崎岖度量化值,实现对不同地形下的崎岖度量化;此外,基于上述获得的崎岖度,采用迭代搜索的方式建立速度与崎岖度数学模型,并采用滑动窗口的方式更新崎岖度,实现车速到崎岖度之间的连续映射。以可控震源野外勘探特种车为研究对象,采用上述方法在实际野外地形环境中进行多次实验。实验结果表明,所提出的方法在崎岖地形具有良好的安全性、自主性,可以识别地形和自适应控制车速。

Optimization and perfection of the roughing model for ferritic SUS430

Based on the characteristics of ferritic SUS430 heating and deformation,and combined with the features of the 1780 mm hot-rolling mill,a roughing model was introduced in two aspects:optimizing the rough rolling passes and improving the width control precision.Through reducing the rough rolling passes,the rough rolling time can be shortened,the precision rolling startup temperature can be raised and the yield of the hot-rolled products can be increased.Moreover,on the premise that the slab width fluctuation was great,the precision of the width control can be improved through optimizing the parameters of the hot-rolling width control model.The result shows that the optimization and perfection of the original rolling process of the stainless steel 430 series further improved its capacity and product quality.

电化学加工表面均匀性的多变量统计过程控制

零件表面粗糙度对其使用性能有重要影响。为了解决零件表面单一粗糙度参数不能全面反映零件加工表面缺陷的问题,提出一种将基于相关性分析和主元分析的多变量统计过程控制应用于电化学光整加工零件表面均匀性评价的方法。设计无表面缺陷和有表面缺陷两个样件进行对比实验,在电化学光整加工之后记录两个样件的多项表面粗糙度参数,先进行多个参数的单变量统计过程控制,再对多个粗糙度参数进行相关性分析和主元分析,得到综合评价值绘制统计控制图。对比分析结果表明:对于存在局部缺陷的表面,相比单一粗糙度参数,采用综合评价控制图检测零件表面缺陷更准确;基于相关性分析和主元分析的多变量统计过程控制是评价电化学光整加工零件表面均匀性的有效方法。

壁面粗糙度对隔离段气动性能影响的数值计算

针对粗糙度对隔离段性能影响,本文开展了不同粗糙度大小、不同粗糙度分布对相同背压下隔离段内激波串发展以及对隔离段出口气流参数影响的数值计算。隔离段进口马赫数2.0,总压0.82 MPa,总温840 K。研究结果表明:与光滑壁面相比,整体布置粗糙度时,边界层转捩提前,激波串起始位置向上游移动,隔离段出口气流参数下降;当粗糙带布置在50S时,随着粗糙度的增加,激波串起始位置后移;当粗糙带布置在70S时,随着粗糙度的增加,隔离段出口气流总压恢复系数升高。因此,合理布置粗糙度位置及大小能够使隔离段具有更优的性能。

Rough set based multi-agent system cooperation for industrial supervisory interface system

In this paper, rough set theory is introduced into the interface multi-agent system （MAS） for industrial supervisory system. Taking advantages of rough set in data mining, a cooperation model for MAS is built. Rules for avoiding cooperation conflict are deduced. An optimization algorithm is used to enhance security and real time attributes of the system. An application based on the proposed algorithm and rules are given.

胶东调水工程冰期运行输水特性及控制措施探究

结合工程运行经验分析了胶东调水工程不同冰期阶段的输水特性,主要包括渠道内气、水、冰的热量交换和温度变化,流冰和冰盖的形成、演变及相关条件,输水能力变化及冰盖消融过程等,着重探讨了水流弗劳德数、水流流速、过流孔口断面淹没深度等因素对冰情发展模式的影响,冰盖糙率的变化特征和计算方法,有无冰盖条件下的输水能力差异等。基于输水特性分析提出了水力调控、工程技术、智慧调度、调度管理和应急处突等方面的控制措施,经工程实践验证效果良好,最后就冰情水情数值模拟及控制研究现状进行思考给出了几点建议,对长距离调水工程的冰期运行控制能力提升和冰害防治处置具有一定的参考意义。

复杂曲面零件的五轴数控加工技术研究

随着科技水平的不断提升,精密复杂曲面零件的应用越来越广泛。曲面驱动是复杂曲面零件加工的重要方法,驱动刀轨的规划直接关系到曲面物理特性的调控,应用五轴数控加工技术能够提升复杂曲面零件的加工质量。文章主要研究复杂曲面零件的五轴数控加工技术,以佛像这个复杂曲面零件为例,分析了曲面驱动刀轨规划、工装方案设计、加工策略以及试制加工过程。在实际加工过程中,技术人员应充分理解驱动刀轨规划思路与原理,在粗加工、精加工中完善刀轨设计,并进行试制加工。

Electrochemically Deposited CZTSSe Thin Films for Monolithic Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiencies Over 17%

In spite of the high potential economic feasibility of the tandem solar cells consisting of the halide perovskite and the kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),they have rarely been demonstrated due to the difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovskite top cell on the rough surface of the bottom cells.Here,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolithic two-terminal perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing the surface roughness of the electrochemically deposited CZTSSe bottom cell.The surface roughness(R_(rms))of the CZTSSe thin film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using the potentiostatic mode rather than using the conventional galvanostatic mode,which can be further reduced to 22 nm after the subsequent ion-milling process.The perovskite top cell with a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on the flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in the efficient perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar cells.After the current matching between two subcells involving the thickness control of the perovskite layer,the best performing tandem device exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 17.5%without the hysteresis effect.

基于数控工艺信息挖掘的型腔特征粗加工刀具序列优化决策方法

为有效提升数控加工过程中粗加工刀具的使用效率,提出一种基于数控工艺信息挖掘的型腔特征粗加工刀具序列优化决策方法。首先计算型腔特征的中轴变换表征数控加工的刀具轨迹,探究中轴变换与数控加工的映射机理;然后基于加工规则和中轴变换参数,挖掘隐含在型腔特征中的深层次数控工艺信息;最后综合考虑材料去除量和加工连续性,建立刀具序列决策的多目标优化模型,采用混合蚁群/模拟退火算法进行优化求解。实验结果表明,该方法能够高效、自动生成型腔特征最优粗加工刀具序列,提升企业数控工艺设计智能化水平。