Voluntary wheel running ameliorated the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on glucose metabolism,gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites

Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.However,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running on high-fat diet induced abnormal glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to diets(fed with normal chow diet or high-fat diet)and running paradigm(housed in static cage or with voluntary running wheel).An integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolites profiling was synchronously performed to characterize the effects of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota and metabolites.It showed that voluntary wheel running prevented the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding on glucose metabolism 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable changes in Rikenella and Marvinbryantia genera.Metabolic profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites,which were enriched in secondary bile acid biosynthesis signaling.In conclusion,our study indicated that voluntary wheel running significantly improved glucose metabolism and counteracted the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on body weight and glucose intolerance.We further found that voluntary wheel running could integratively program gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites changes,and may regulate muricholic acid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis in high-fat fed mice.

基于RUN-XGBoost算法的土石坝渗流预测模型

针对传统土石坝渗流预测模型存在局部最优、抗干扰性差和预测精度低等问题,通过RUN算法优化XGBoost算法得到RUN-XGBoost算法,构建了RUN-XGBoost模型以获得更优的土石坝渗流预测结果。该模型在种群初始化时采用RUN算法对XGBoost算法的3个主要参数进行改进,使预测结果有较高的有效性;通过自动寻找最优参数增进算法的整体收敛速度和预测精度,同时引入随机解,使算法能够排除局部最小值并继续搜索,从而获得全局最优结果。工程实例验证结果表明,RUN-XGBoost模型具有简洁、高效、预测精度高、鲁棒性强等优点。

电池极耳TAB焊接尺寸精度检测

电池极耳TAB焊接是薄型铜箔与电极片焊接的重要工艺,其焊接质量会影响电池稳定性、可靠性、使用寿命,在进行加工时需对其尺寸精度进行严格控制,以确保其焊接的一致性和稳定性。利用机器视觉技术实现电池极耳TAB焊接尺寸精度检测,首先用相机采集图像并进行滤波降噪,然后利用HSV颜色空间模型进行阈值分割得到二值图像,查找极耳焊接处的零点区域并逐个像素点扫描图像,获得极耳焊接处各尺寸大小及精度;再对二值图像进行边缘检测、Hough变换,提取边缘线段,并计算电芯边距极片(TAB)距离及精度。该文实现电池极耳TAB焊接尺寸精度的自动检测,可提高检测效率,保证检测质量并降低工人的劳动强度。

草鱼TAB2与TAK1蛋白互作鉴定及其对两种抗菌肽基因表达的影响

为了探究草鱼TAB2(Ci TAB2)与Ci TAK1能否互作及其对2种草鱼抗菌肽基因(Cihepcidin与Ciβ-defensin1)表达的影响,实验首先采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)方法分析拟态弧菌感染后Citab2和Citak1在草鱼免疫相关组织中的时空表达模式。然后利用荧光共定位、免疫共沉淀及Western blot技术鉴定Ci TAB2与Ci TAK1在细胞内共定位及相互作用情况。最后将过表达质粒pEGFP-N1-Citak1与pEGFP-N1-Citab2共同转染草鱼肾细胞(CIK细胞),检测Cihepcidin与Ciβ-defensin1的相对mRNA表达水平。结果显示,拟态弧菌感染能够显著改变Citab2和Citak1的相对表达水平,前者于感染后不同时间在各检测组织中表现出不同的时空表达模式,而后者均呈现先上调后下调的表达模式;荧光显微镜下观察到Ci TAB2与Ci TAK1共定位于转染后的HEK293T和CIK细胞的胞质中,且在HEK293T细胞内能够形成Ci TAB2-Ci TAK1蛋白复合物;共同过表达Ci TAB2与Ci TAK1后,CIK细胞内Cihepcidin与Ciβ-defensin1的相对mRNA表达水平在各检测时间点均显著上调。结果表明,Ci TAB2与Ci TAK1存在互作关系且二者互作能够促进上述两种抗菌肽的转录表达。本研究从蛋白互作调控抗菌肽表达的角度为防治鱼类弧菌病提供了新策略。

RUN和FYVE结构域蛋白1在胰腺癌中的表达特征及功能作用

目的探究RUN和FYVE结构域蛋白1(RUFY1)在胰腺癌中的表达特征及功能作用。方法通过分析癌症基因组图谱、临床蛋白质组肿瘤分析协作组、基因表达综合数据库等,探究RUFY1在胰腺癌中mRNA、蛋白的表达水平以及与胰腺癌患者预后关系。采用免疫组织化学染色比对胰腺癌患者肿瘤组织与正常胰腺组织中RUFY1蛋白表达水平。在胰腺癌细胞系中敲低RUFY1,并通过肿瘤成球、CCK-8、克隆形成实验验证RUFY1在胰腺癌细胞系中发挥的功能与作用。联合CTRP和PRISM等数据库探究RUFY1与部分抗肿瘤药物敏感性的关系。结果通过分析公共数据库发现,与正常胰腺组织相比,胰腺癌肿瘤组织中RUFY1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);RUFY1的高表达与胰腺癌患者的预后呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果表明,相较于癌旁组织,RUFY1蛋白表达水平在胰腺癌肿瘤组织中升高。肿瘤成球、CCK-8、克隆形成实验结果显示RUFY1敲低会显著抑制胰腺癌细胞系的增殖功能(P<0.01)。由CTRP和PRISM数据库分析得出,低RUFY1表达的患者对PD318088(P<0.01)、RITA(P<0.01)、selumetinib(P<0.05)、AZD8931(P<0.01)等药物更加敏感。结论RUFY1 mRNA及蛋白水平在胰腺癌肿瘤组织中升高,RUFY1的高表达与胰腺癌患者的预后呈负相关,敲低RUFY1可抑制胰腺癌细胞系的增殖能力,RUFY1有望成为用来预测临床用药治疗敏感性的靶点。

Influence of pier height on the safety of trains running on high-speed railway bridges during earthquakes

Sudden earthquakes pose a threat to the running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges,and the stiffness of piers is one of the factors affecting the dynamic response of train-track-bridge system.In this paper,a experiment of a train running on a high-speed railway bridge is performed based on a dynamic experiment system,and the corresponding numerical model is established.The reliability of the numerical model is verified by experiments.Then,the experiment and numerical data are analyzed to reveal the pier height effects on the running safety of trains on bridges.The results show that when the pier height changes,the frequency of the bridge below the 30 m pier height changes greater;the increase of pier height causes the transverse fundamental frequency of the bridge close to that of the train,and the shaking angle and lateral displacement of the train are the largest for bridge with 50 m pier,which increases the risk of derailment;with the pier height increases from 8 m to 50 m,the derailment coefficient obtained by numerical simulations increases by 75% on average,and the spectral intensity obtained by experiments increases by 120% on average,two indicators exhibit logarithmic variation.

Acute effect of foot strike patterns on in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joint kinematics during barefoot running

Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related injuries.The maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patterns influence these specific foot and ankle kinematics.However,technical deficiencies in traditional motion capture approaches limit knowledge of in vivo joint kinematics with respect to rearfoot and forefoot strike patterns(RFS and FFS,respectively).This study uses a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system(DFIS)to determine the effects of different foot strike patterns on 3D in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joints kinematics.Methods:Fifteen healthy male recreational runners underwent foot computed tomography scanning for the construction of 3-dimensional models.A high-speed DFIS(100 Hz)was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom kinematics for participants’tibiotalar and subtalar joints when they adopted RFS and FFS in barefoot condition.Results:Compared with RFS,FFS exhibited greater internal rotation at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint.The peak internal rotation angle of the tibiotalar joint under FFS was greater than under RFS(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.92).RFS showed more dorsiflexion at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint than FFS.RFS also presented a larger anterior translation(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=1.28)in the subtalar joint at i nitial contact than FFS.Conclusion:Running with acute barefoot FFS increases the internal rotation of the tibiotalar joint in the early stance.The use of high-speed DFIS to quantify the movement of the tibiotalar and subtalar joint was critical to revealing the effects of RF S and FFS during running.

Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

A novel refined dynamic model of high-speed maglev train-bridge coupled system for random vibration and running safety assessment

Running safety assessment and tracking irregularity parametric sensitivity analysis of high-speed maglev train-bridge system are of great concern,especially need perfect refinement models in which all properties can be well characterized based on various stochastic excitations.A three-dimensional refined spatial random vibration analysis model of high-speed maglev train-bridge coupled system is established in this paper,in which multi-source uncertainty excitation can be considered simultaneously,and the probability density evolution method(PDEM)is adopted to reveal the system-specific uncertainty dynamic characteristic.The motion equation of the maglev vehicle model is composed of multi-rigid bodies with a total 210-degrees of freedom for each vehicle,and a refined electromagnetic force-air gap model is used to account for the interaction and coupling effect between the moving train and track beam bridges,which are directly established by using finite element method.The model is proven to be applicable by comparing with Monte Carlo simulation.By applying the proposed stochastic framework to the high maglev line,the random dynamic responses of maglev vehicles running on the bridges are studied for running safety and stability assessment.Moreover,the effects of track irregularity wavelength range under different amplitude and running speeds on the coupled system are investigated.The results show that the augmentation of train speed will move backward the sensitive wavelength interval,and track irregularity amplitude influences the response remarkably in the sensitive interval.

SmartMicro Grid Energy System Management Based on Optimum Running Cost for Rural Communities in Rwanda

The governmental electric utility and the private sector are joining hands to meet the target of electrifying all households by 2024.However,the aforementioned goal is challenged by households that are scattered in remote areas.So far,Solar Home Systems(SHS)have mostly been applied to increase electricity access in rural areas.SHSs have continuous constraints to meet electricity demands and cannot run income-generating activities.The current research presents the feasibility study of electrifying Remera village with the smart microgrid as a case study.The renewable energy resources available in Remera are the key sources of electricity in that village.The generation capacity is estimated based on the load profile.The microgrid configurations are simulated with HOMER,and the genetic algorithm is used to analyze the optimum cost.By analyzing the impact of operation and maintenance costs,the results show that the absence of subsidies increases the levelized cost of electricity(COE)five times greater than the electricity price from the public utility.The microgrid made up of PV,diesel generator,and batteries proved to be the most viable solution and ensured continuous power supply to customers.By considering the subsidies,COE reaches 0.186$/kWh,a competitive price with electricity from public utilities in Rwanda.

Review of Research on English Translation of Chinese Running Sentences

In order to convey complete meanings,there is a phenomenon in Chinese of using multiple running sentences.Xu Jingning(2023,p.66)states,“In communication,a complete expression of meaning often requires more than one clause,which is common in human languages.”Domestic research on running sentences includes discussions on defining the concept and structural features of running sentences,sentence properties,sentence pattern classifications and their criteria,as well as issues related to translating running sentences into English.This article primarily focuses on scholarly research into the English translation of running sentences in China,highlighting recent achievements and identifying existing issues in the study of running sentence translation.However,by reviewing literature on the translation of running sentences,it is found that current research in the academic community on non-core running sentences is limited.Therefore,this paper proposes relevant strategies to address this issue.

Modified DS np Chart Using Generalized Multiple Dependent State Sampling under Time Truncated Life Test

This study presents the design of a modified attributed control chart based on a double sampling(DS)np chart applied in combination with generalized multiple dependent state(GMDS)sampling to monitor the mean life of the product based on the time truncated life test employing theWeibull distribution.The control chart developed supports the examination of the mean lifespan variation for a particular product in the process of manufacturing.Three control limit levels are used:the warning control limit,inner control limit,and outer control limit.Together,they enhance the capability for variation detection.A genetic algorithm can be used for optimization during the in-control process,whereby the optimal parameters can be established for the proposed control chart.The control chart performance is assessed using the average run length,while the influence of the model parameters upon the control chart solution is assessed via sensitivity analysis based on an orthogonal experimental design withmultiple linear regression.A comparative study was conducted based on the out-of-control average run length,in which the developed control chart offered greater sensitivity in the detection of process shifts while making use of smaller samples on average than is the case for existing control charts.Finally,to exhibit the utility of the developed control chart,this paper presents its application using simulated data with parameters drawn from the real set of data.

Safety of the express freight train running over a long-span bridge

Purpose-Express freight transportation is in rapid development currently.Owing to the higher speed of express freight train,the deformation of the bridge deck worsens the railway line condition under the action of wind and train moving load when the train runs over a long-span bridge.Besides,the blunt car body of vehicle has poor aerodynamic characteristics,bringing a greater challenge on the running stability in the crosswind.Design/methodology/approach-In this study,the aerodynamic force coefficients of express freight vehicles on the bridge are measured by scale model wind tunnel test.The dynamic model of the train-long-span steel truss bridge coupling system is established,and the dynamic response as well as the running safety of vehicle are evaluated.Findings-The results show that wind speed has a significant influence on running safety,which is mainly reflected in the over-limitation of wheel unloading rate.The wind speed limit decreases with train speed,and it reduces to 18.83 m/s when the train speed is 160 km/h.Originality/value-This study deepens the theoretical understanding of the interaction between vehicles and bridges and proposes new methods for analyzing similar engineering problems.It also provides a new theoretical basis for the safety assessment of express freight trains.

Tabbed Routing 阻抗能力探究

高速服务器主板主芯片到存储器的高速信号传输通过Double Data Rate(简称DDR)技术实现,传输高速信号的连接线简称为DDR阻抗线。因主芯片相对存储器位置能布设管脚的空间要小,从主芯片到存储器的DDR高速阻抗线呈扇出形状,主芯片位置的阻抗线线宽相对存储器位置要小,存在阻抗不连续问题。对靠近主芯片位置的DDR阻抗线增加规则的凸耳状走线可提升整段DDR阻抗不匹配问题。增加规则的凸耳走线的阻抗线又称Tabbed Routiing阻抗(简称TAB阻抗)。探究布设不同形状和不同尺寸的TAB设计来提升阻抗不连续问题,根据材料等级选择一种最佳的布线设计模式,对TAB阻抗设计及生产制作控制都有较大指导意义。

汽车零部件Milk-run业务公铁联运模式下的铁路货运站选址研究

能否精准科学地选择汽车零部件循环取货(Milk-run)业务中公铁联运模式的铁路货运站,将直接影响物流总成本。随着公铁联运模式在节能减排与降本增效中的优势逐渐呈现,汽车生产商也开始在零部件物流领域探索Milk-run业务采用公铁联运方式。基于以往研究基础,对汽车零部件Milk-run业务中采用公铁联运的背景进行分析,以重庆长安福特汽车有限公司华东片区的Milk-run业务为例,构建基于公铁联运的Milk-run物流运作模式,发现在运作过程中需要确定Milk-run业务中的铁路货运站地址。为精确、合理地进行选址,采用定量与定性相结合的方法,运用精确重心法计算出铁路货运站备选地址范围,再利用综合指标评级法在备选地址中确定地址,最终通过优化选址,提高企业Milk-run业务中物流的运作效率。

Metabolic and performance responses of male runners wearing 3 types of footwear: Nike Vaporfly 4%, Saucony Endorphin racing flats, and their own shoes

Purpose We compared running economy(RE)and 3-km time-trial(TT)variables of runners wearing Nike Vaporfly 4%(VP4),Saucony Endorphin lightweight racing flats(FLAT),and their habitual running(OWN)footwear.Methods Eighteen male recreational runners(age=33.5±11.9 year(mean±SD),peak oxygen uptake(VO_(2peak))=55.8±4.4 mL/kg·min)attended 4 sessions approximately 7 days apart.The first session consisted of a VO_(2peak) test to inform subsequent RE speeds set at 60%,70%,and 80%of the speed eliciting VO2peak.In subsequent sessions,treadmill RE and 3-km TTs were assessed in the 3 footwear conditions in a randomized,counterbalanced crossover design.Results Oxygen consumption(mL/kg·min)was less in VP4(from 4.3%to 4.4%,p≤0.002)and FLAT(from 2.7%to 3.4%,p≤0.092)vs.OWN across intensities,with a non-significant difference between VP4 and FLAT(1.0%-1.7%,p≥0.292).Findings related to energy cost(W/kg)and energetics cost of transport(J/kg·m)were comparable.VP43-km TT performance(11:07.6±0:56.6 mm:ss)was enhanced vs.OWN by 16.6 s(2.4%,p=0.005)and vs.FLAT by 13.0 s(1.8%,p=0.032).The 3-km times between OWN and FLAT(0.5%,p=0.747)were similar.Most runners(n=11,61%)ran their fastest TT in VP4.Conclusion Overall,VP4 improved laboratory-based RE measures in male recreational runners at relative speeds compared to OWN,but the RE improvements in VP4 were not significant vs.FLAT.More runners exhibited better treadmill TT performances in VP4(61%)vs.FLAT(22%)and OWN(17%).The variability in RE(-10.3%to 13.3%)and TT(-4.7%to 9.3%)improvements suggests that responses to different types of shoes are individualized and warrant further investigation.

Metabolic cost of level,uphill,and downhill running in highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates

Background:Compared to conventional racing shoes,Nike Vaporfly 4% running shoes reduce the metabolic cost of level treadmill running by4%.The reduction is attributed to their lightweight,highly compliant,and resilient midsole foam and a midsole-embedded curved carbon-fiber plate.We investigated whether these shoes also could reduce the metabolic cost of moderate uphill(+3°) and downhill(-3°) grades.We tested the null hypothesis that,compared to conventional racing shoes,highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates would impart the same ~4%metabolic power(W/kg) savings during uphill and downhill running as they do during level running.Methods:After familiarization,16 competitive male runners performed six 5-min trials(2 shoes × 3 grades) in 2 Nike marathon racing-shoe models(Streak 6 and Vaporfly 4%) on a level,uphill(+3°),and downhill(-3°) treadmill at 13 km/h(3.61 m/s).We measured submaximal oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production during Minutes 4-5 and calculated metabolic power(W/kg) for each shoe model and grade combination.Results:Compared to the conventional shoes(Streak 6),the metabolic power in the Vaporfly 4% shoes was 3.83%(level),2.82%(uphill),and2.70%(downhill)less(all p <0.001).The percent of change in metabolic power for uphill running was less compared to level running(p=0.04;effect size(ES)=0.561) but was not statistically different between downhill and level running(p=0.17;ES=0.356).Conclusion:On a running course with uphill and downhill sections,the metabolic savings and hence performance enhancement provided by Vaporfly 4% shoes would likely be slightly less overall,compared to the savings on a perfectly level race course.

基于Milk-Run的生鲜农产品取货物流优化方法研究

生鲜农产品不易储存、易腐性要求科学制定物流模式与路径,以最大程度保障产品鲜活度。针对取货车辆到达生鲜农产品供应商的不准时与物流费用高的问题,提出基于Milk-Run的生鲜农产品物流优化方法。依据生鲜农产品物流的构成,引入Milk-Run循环取货模式并给出最优取货期量确定方法。同时,为最大限度对企业成本、驾驶安全、客户需求和产品质量进行平衡与保障,综合考虑装载率、出车数量、疲劳驾驶、客户时间等因素构建多目标VRPTW模型,结合评价函数法与线性加权法对目标进行转换,设计了一种遗传算法求解模型,并引入栅格法测量各节点间实际配送距离。最后,结合实际物流问题,检验Milk-Run循环取货模式的可行性与优越性,通过仿真实验证明了文章提出的方法可以为企业的物流决策提供参考。

The Effect of Taping on Foot Structure, Functional Foot Stability and Running Gait Patterns of the Foot

Running related foot injuries are associated with excessive foot movements due to malaligned foot structure and poor functional foot stability. Clinicians tape the foot to alleviate pain and prevent further injuries, whilst allowing the athlete to continue training. However, the effect of taping is not conclusive. The purpose of this study is to investigate if taping effectively improves foot structure, functional foot stability and reduces excessive foot movements during running. Twenty-two subjects had their foot structure identified as： fiat foot stable, fiat foot unstable and normal arched unstable according to the FPI （foot posture index） and the Modified Romberg＇s Test with the BESS （balance error scoring system） criteria. The subjects ran on an instrumented treadmill barefooted with their feet taped and untaped. Running kinetic and kinematic data were collected and analysed using a paired t-test and 3x2 ANOVA. Taping improved foot structure but not functional foot stability. During running, taping significantly reduced rearfoot eversion. Taping increased the loading rate in the fiat foot and normal arched unstable groups but reduced the loading rate for the flat foot stable group. Implication on the appropriate use of foot taping was discussed.

Stability Criterion for Humanoid Running

A humanoid robot has high mobility but possibly risks of tipping over. Until now, onemain topic on humanoid robots is to study the walking stability; the issue of the running stabilityhas rarely been investigated. The running is di?erent from the walking, and is more di?cult tomaintain its dynamic stability. The objective of this paper is to study the stability criterion forhumanoid running based on the whole dynamics. First, the cycle and the dynamics of running areanalyzed. Then, the stability criterion of humanoid running is presented. Finally, the e?ectivenessof the proposed stability criterion is illustrated by a dynamic simulation example using a dynamicanalysis and design system (DADS).