This article presents a methodology to determine the risk of aircrafts lateral runway excursion during landing via mathematical risk modeling. In addition, the methodology is demonstrated by means of detailed calculat...This article presents a methodology to determine the risk of aircrafts lateral runway excursion during landing via mathematical risk modeling. In addition, the methodology is demonstrated by means of detailed calculation of the lateral runway excursion risk value during the landing of the aircraft Airbus A310-200, in view of the maximum landing weight and the appropriate range of landing velocities according to the International Civil Aviation Organization specification. Obviously, the calculation demonstrates that the developed math solutions and equations presented herein are powerful tools to evaluate the risk of lateral runway excursion of the majority of aircrafts and for any airport. The method is also applicable to assess the residual level of risk at any specific airport and its deviation compared to the recommended safety level. Consequently, the presented mathematical solutions to determine the risk rate of lateral runway excursion during landing offers airports’ operational and safety management departments a viable tool so that appropriate measurements could be adopted. Finally, it is a methodology not only to assess the risk but also to determine the appropriate runway width.展开更多
多跑道机场飞行区运行效率低下会导致空域-跑道系统容流供需失衡,进而造成终端区空域交通拥堵、航班延误现象频发。为提升多跑道机场终端区运行效率,借助全空域与机场模型软件(total airspace and airport modeler,TAAM)建立空域仿真模...多跑道机场飞行区运行效率低下会导致空域-跑道系统容流供需失衡,进而造成终端区空域交通拥堵、航班延误现象频发。为提升多跑道机场终端区运行效率,借助全空域与机场模型软件(total airspace and airport modeler,TAAM)建立空域仿真模型,针对不同运行模式动态转换下对终端区交通流走向、扇区开合等空域时空特性的影响进行分析,提出1种考虑不同运行时段内终端区机场走廊口流量配比和进离港流量分布的动态多跑道使用策略优化方法。首先,使用TAAM综合考虑不同跑道运行模式下各扇区内航班流量、高度变更、移交协调及冲突解脱对管制负荷的影响,拟合得出不同跑道运行模式下基于当量航空器架次的各扇区管制负荷函数。以终端区内航班平均飞行时间、平均延误时间及管制员工作负荷为优化目标,建立了跑道使用策略优化模型。设计了1种基于航空器基本性能数据库(the base aircraft data,BADA)的多目标非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ),并结合机场实际运行条件在无运行限制、运行方向限制、运行模式限制等5种场景下进行仿真计算。对各场景Pareto最优解集进行评价得出不同场景下最优跑道使用策略,并使用TAAM进行仿真对比验证。结果表明:无运行限制和运行方向限制相较于单一跑道运行模式的航班服务效率提升10.15%,5.01%;管制员工作负荷减少3.91%,3.4%;延误时间减少28.86%,19.46%。展开更多
机场跑道排水是保障飞机运行安全和飞机品质的关键因素之一,良好的排水系统能够有效排除雨水,减少积水和滞留水的影响。为了探讨现有机场跑道排水系统排水能力,以及降雨与排水系统的演化过程,以中国南方某机场跑道为研究对象,将丹麦水...机场跑道排水是保障飞机运行安全和飞机品质的关键因素之一,良好的排水系统能够有效排除雨水,减少积水和滞留水的影响。为了探讨现有机场跑道排水系统排水能力,以及降雨与排水系统的演化过程,以中国南方某机场跑道为研究对象,将丹麦水利研究所开发的集成的水文水质量模型(Danish Hydraulic Institute model integrated computing,DHI MIKE)模型应用于机场跑道,构建耦合雨洪模型。根据研究区域的降雨特性以及现有排水系统,设计4种不同重现期的降雨情景,从管道充满度、地表淹没结果、跑道积水演化过程3个方面进行模拟分析。结果表明:管道满管数量与降雨强度呈正比关系,不同重现期下研究区域水深的空间分布大体呈一致状态,集中在集水浅沟周围。重现期越大,积水深度越高;出现积水时间和跑道关闭时间提前。跑道排水能力基本能够满足5年一遇的降雨标准。展开更多
文摘This article presents a methodology to determine the risk of aircrafts lateral runway excursion during landing via mathematical risk modeling. In addition, the methodology is demonstrated by means of detailed calculation of the lateral runway excursion risk value during the landing of the aircraft Airbus A310-200, in view of the maximum landing weight and the appropriate range of landing velocities according to the International Civil Aviation Organization specification. Obviously, the calculation demonstrates that the developed math solutions and equations presented herein are powerful tools to evaluate the risk of lateral runway excursion of the majority of aircrafts and for any airport. The method is also applicable to assess the residual level of risk at any specific airport and its deviation compared to the recommended safety level. Consequently, the presented mathematical solutions to determine the risk rate of lateral runway excursion during landing offers airports’ operational and safety management departments a viable tool so that appropriate measurements could be adopted. Finally, it is a methodology not only to assess the risk but also to determine the appropriate runway width.
文摘多跑道机场飞行区运行效率低下会导致空域-跑道系统容流供需失衡,进而造成终端区空域交通拥堵、航班延误现象频发。为提升多跑道机场终端区运行效率,借助全空域与机场模型软件(total airspace and airport modeler,TAAM)建立空域仿真模型,针对不同运行模式动态转换下对终端区交通流走向、扇区开合等空域时空特性的影响进行分析,提出1种考虑不同运行时段内终端区机场走廊口流量配比和进离港流量分布的动态多跑道使用策略优化方法。首先,使用TAAM综合考虑不同跑道运行模式下各扇区内航班流量、高度变更、移交协调及冲突解脱对管制负荷的影响,拟合得出不同跑道运行模式下基于当量航空器架次的各扇区管制负荷函数。以终端区内航班平均飞行时间、平均延误时间及管制员工作负荷为优化目标,建立了跑道使用策略优化模型。设计了1种基于航空器基本性能数据库(the base aircraft data,BADA)的多目标非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ),并结合机场实际运行条件在无运行限制、运行方向限制、运行模式限制等5种场景下进行仿真计算。对各场景Pareto最优解集进行评价得出不同场景下最优跑道使用策略,并使用TAAM进行仿真对比验证。结果表明:无运行限制和运行方向限制相较于单一跑道运行模式的航班服务效率提升10.15%,5.01%;管制员工作负荷减少3.91%,3.4%;延误时间减少28.86%,19.46%。
文摘机场跑道排水是保障飞机运行安全和飞机品质的关键因素之一,良好的排水系统能够有效排除雨水,减少积水和滞留水的影响。为了探讨现有机场跑道排水系统排水能力,以及降雨与排水系统的演化过程,以中国南方某机场跑道为研究对象,将丹麦水利研究所开发的集成的水文水质量模型(Danish Hydraulic Institute model integrated computing,DHI MIKE)模型应用于机场跑道,构建耦合雨洪模型。根据研究区域的降雨特性以及现有排水系统,设计4种不同重现期的降雨情景,从管道充满度、地表淹没结果、跑道积水演化过程3个方面进行模拟分析。结果表明:管道满管数量与降雨强度呈正比关系,不同重现期下研究区域水深的空间分布大体呈一致状态,集中在集水浅沟周围。重现期越大,积水深度越高;出现积水时间和跑道关闭时间提前。跑道排水能力基本能够满足5年一遇的降雨标准。