Problem and Countermeasure Analysis of Popularization Mode for Rural Residential Demonstration Project

Popularization mode of government-dominated rural residential demonstration projects and its features were introduced.It was proposed that such a popularization mode still remained at the primary development stage and was still suffering from many problems such as guiding role of government not fully played,lack of assessment standards,unitary funding channels,ineffective popularization effects and unpractical management regulations.In view of these problems,popularization strategies for rural residential demonstration projects were given from the perspective of establishing authorized coordination and supervision agencies,improving incentive policies of demonstration projects and also regulation system for these projects,expanding funding channels,and building information platforms.The study was to provide practical references for the future development of rural residential demonstration projects.

Design of Water Disinfection Scheme for Rural Drinking Water Safety Project

As further promotion of the rural drinking water safety project in whole country, small villages in vast countryside have been or will be equipped with safety drinking water project. We analyzed necessity of the rural drinking water disinfection, discussed disinfection method suitable for rural drinking water characteristics, and put forward disinfection schemes for different water supply sources.

An Analysis of Evolution of Lending Patterns of IFAD China's Rural Financial Project

This paper tells us briefly the background and aims of the fundation of IFAD.It points out that IFAD plays an important part in helping the development of agriculture and food production in developing countries,and in reducing the poverty conditions in the poorest countries.It tells us that IFAD has offered donation to China for 8 times,with a total amount reaching to 56.839 million dollars.With the development of the economy of China,IFAD has changed its lending financial policies to China from a highly beneficial policy to a moderate lending policy.The operation of the loan projects have greatly improved the living conditions and of the local and the conditions of agricultural production,promoting the improvement of economy,social stability,and enviroment.It discusses several lending patterns of IFAD China's rural financial projects.The government-leading model,which is represented by the IFAD financial lending loan.Market-oriented model of formal financial institutions,which is represented by IFAD Rural Credit Cooperatives,with market oriented.Government supporting as secondary model,which are dominated by IFAD Women's lending patterns and Village Development Fund lending model.In this paper,advantages and disadvantages of lending patterns are analyzed and evaluated.It discusses the development trend of IFAD financial lending patterns in terms of Rural Credit Cooperatives and a pattern which is community-oriented and farmers-benefited.

Analysis and Discussion on Property Right of Rural Drinking Water Projects

Since rural drinking water projects have diversified investment subjects,complex form,and lacks property right system and policy at national level,there are many difficulties in determining property right of projects in many areas.This not only puzzles competent authorities and specific management institution,but also is unfavorable for long-term full play of project benefit.Combining related laws,regulations,and policies,this paper analyzed and discussed property right of rural drinking water projects.It proposed establishing usufructuary right to replace division of property right,in the hope of helping improve management of rural drinking water projects.

Exploration on the Crowdfunding Mode of Rural Memory Project

In the past decades of industrialization and urbanization,a plenty of Chinese villages have passed out of existence.The amount of the existing ancient villages in China only accounts for 1.9% of the amount of Chinese administrative villages.Chinese traditional villages include tangible cultural heritage like traditional residential architecture and cultural relics,as well as intangible cultural heritage like folk customs and handcraft,which are of extremely important values and demand proper conservation immediately."Rural Memory Project" is not only a carrier project of "memorizing nostalgia" and "retaining passion for home",but also the original protection project of tangible cultural heritage like rural historic streets and traditional resident courtyard,as well as intangible cultural heritage like production and living customs.At present,"Rural Memory" Project launched by Shandong province was primarily funded by the government sectors whose investment was far from sufficient for the great appetite of the project,thus massive social capital has to be absorbed to ensure a sustainable implementation of the project.Featured with low threshold,strong inclusivity and stable mass basis,crowdfunding which could adapt to the characteristics of the current "Rural Memory" Project is regarded as a feasible fund-raising channel.In the exploration of crowdfunding mode,the authorities could focus on establishing a specialized crowdfunding platform for Rural Memory Project,select proper crowdfunding mode according to the characteristics of the project,adhere to the macro orientation and policy of the government,and commit themselves to dissolving the institutional constraints in crowdfunding.

Determinants of Adoption of Agricultural Extension of Green River Project among Rural Households of Niger Delta, Nigeria

This study analyzed the determinants of adoption of agricultural extension of Green River Project among rural households of Niger Delta, Nigeria. Questionnaire, which was randomly distributed, was used for data collection from 270 direct beneficiaries of the project. Frequency, percentage and multiple regression were used for data analyses. For the beneficiaries, the results indicated a mean age of 48 years, 9 years of formal education, annual net farm income of N115, 681.48 and 2.8 times of monthly contact with Project Extension Officers. The mean adoption status of the project was 56.6%. The relationship between socio-economic characteristics of beneficiaries and adoption status gave an R2 of 0.668. Age, education, farming, experience, farm income and extension contact were significant determinants of adoption. The study recommends improvement in formal education, farm income, extension contact and inclusion of younger farmers as beneficiaries to enhance adoption status.

Discussion on Anti-Seepage Technologies in the Construction of Small-Scale Rural Water Conservancy Projects

In order to ensure the sustainable growth of rural economy,it is necessary to carry out further research on small-scale water conservancy projects and solve the seepage issue in rural areas.Based on the application significance of small-scale rural water conservancy projects and the analysis of anti-seepage technologies,along with specific examples,this paper specifically discusses the application of high-pressure jet technology,so as to provide reference for the development of engineering construction.

乡村数字基础设施与共同富裕——基于“宽带乡村”试点工程和电信普遍服务试点项目的证据

本文以2008—2021年中国286个地级及以上城市为研究样本,将“宽带乡村”试点工程和电信普遍服务试点项目视为乡村数字基础设施建设的一项准自然实验,通过构建多期双重差分模型,系统考察了乡村数字基础设施建设对共同富裕的影响效应及内在机制。实证研究发现,乡村数字基础设施建设可以缓解数字鸿沟,缩小城乡收入差距,从而促进共同富裕。机制在于,乡村数字基础设施建设通过降低信息获取成本和加强政府数字治理的方式促进共同富裕。拓展研究还发现,乡村数字基础设施建设具备时间累积效应和强外部性的双重特征,运行时间越长对所在地区产生的福利价值越高,而且由于溢出效应对相邻地区也产生了促进作用,对共同富裕目标的实现具有重要贡献。据此,本文提出加强乡村数字基础设施建设,促进数字化赋能共同富裕跨越式发展,加快补齐短板;统筹多方力量,推广数字化教育,深化数字化治理的应用,实现乡村数字基础设施的提档升级;优化数字基础设施的时空布局,构建城乡协同发展网络,推动发展成果共享的政策启示。

Engineering Study on the Treatment of Multi-soil-layering System on the Rural Domestic Wastewater in Taihu Basin

By combining with the actual situation in the rural area,the practical technology of domestic wastewater treatment which had the wide popularization value was developed in the rural area of Taihu Basin.Moreover,the multi-soil-layering system was used to treat the concentrated rural domestic wastewater,and the demonstration project was established in Fenshui Village,Yixing,Jiangsu.The result showed that the infrastructure and operating cost of system was low,and the treatment effect was good.The average removal ratios of COD,NH+4-N,TN,TP and SS were respectively 70%,83%,59%,76% and 94%.The quality of yielding water could reach Grade A standard of Pollutant Emission Standards in Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant.

学习运用“千万工程”经验建设宜居宜业和美乡村的实践与思考——以成都市龙泉驿区为例

对标浙江“千万工程”的主要做法,当前宜居宜业和美乡村建设中还存在都市现代农业现代化水平不高、高品质乡村消费场景发展滞后、村庄发展的基本面貌较为落后和共建共治共享的机制尚未建立等方面的问题,这需要从基层党组织建设、人居环境整治、产业发展、城乡融合和乡村善治等方面入手,打造生态“宜居”、生产“宜业”、生活“和美”的乡村发展新格局。

易地迁建中“大娘”的性别身份与生计重构——以黄河滩S安置社区农村老年妇女的经济实践策略为例

黄河滩区迁建等移民搬迁民生工程能有效帮助群众走出发展的困境,但移民安置后面临的生计冲击亦不容小觑。学界对移民搬迁后的生计状况及政策支持已作出详尽的探讨,然而相关研究往往缺乏性别研究的视角,也较少考察移民如何发挥自身能动性来应对生计的变化和重构日常生活。以黄河滩区居民迁建项目作为背景,聚焦鲁西北S外迁安置社区老年妇女这一常被认为处于弱势地位的群体,分析她们如何运用各种性别化策略应对安置后生计危机的。研究发现,一方面,在移民安置后的日常生活实践中,农村老年妇女既会通过展演“弱势的女性气质”与基层干部进行利益协商,也会及时切换自身性别角色,成为重建家庭生活的主导者;但另一方面,受制于“贤妻良母”、隔代抚养“代母职”等性别身份想象,她们只能在繁重的家务和看护劳动的缝隙打着各式零工帮补家计。通过照见农村老年妇女应对生活困难的非凡韧性,不仅可呈现出移民安置这一特定情境下女性主体性的具体实践经验,还可勾勒出移民搬迁中性别身份认同与经济实践相互作用的复杂路径。

共同富裕背景下浙江省推动乡村全面振兴的创新路径研究——以“巾帼共富工坊”为例

2022年以来,浙江省持续践行“八八战略”,探索建设“巾帼共富工坊”,开辟将农村“富余”劳动力转化为“富裕”劳动力的新空间,成为浙江探索推进乡村全面振兴的重要路径,形成具有区域特色的经济社会现象。该文基于对浙江推动“巾帼共富工坊”建设的历程、模式、成效的调研分析,总结出浙江女性尤其是农村妇女在其中凝聚巾帼力量,深化“千万工程”,助力乡村全面振兴的经验与启示,为推进中国式现代化提供有益借鉴。

惠来凤梨产业园创新实践

本文以惠来县凤梨产业园为案例,详细探讨了广东在培育发展农业新质生产力、推动“百千万工程”中的创新实践。通过对惠来县凤梨产业园创新实践进行全面分析,展现了该产业园在推动农业产业升级,实现农业现代化方面的积极成效,以及惠来凤梨产业园在品牌建设,一、二、三产业融合发展等方面的具体举措,本文为其它地区提供了可借鉴的思路。

Poverty alleviation through e-commerce:Village involvement and demonstration policies in rural China

The diffusion of e-commerce has played a significant role in recent rural economic development in China.E-commerce is also considered as an efficient channel to alleviate poverty in rural China.Voluminous studies have investigated the contribution of e-commerce to agricultural development,yet it is lacking empirical evidence as to the effects of e-commerce on rural poverty alleviation.Since the year of 2014,in order to develop rural e-commerce,Chinese government launched the National Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project.This gradual involvement policy offered a natural experiment for evaluation of e-commerce.Based on village-level survey data from rural China and Heckit method,our study finds that rural e-commerce has a significantly positive effect on rural income.Moreover,the effect is inverted U-shaped for the relative-poverty villages.The estimation of the propensity scores matching model confirms that the results are robust.The following policy recommendations are proposed:(1)policy support to rural e-commerce should prioritize the povertystricken villages.By doing so,the marginal income effects of e-commerce will be maximized.(2)Investment in internet infrastructure and establishment of human resources for e-commerce in rural areas will have spillover effects,increasing rural income through the"digital dividend".

Dynamic Mechanisms for Evolution of Mountain Rural Settlements and Soil Conservation in Upper Yangtze River Basin

This paper presents the logic relationship between rural settlement reconstruction and soil conservation in the Upper Yangtze River. Firstly, by introducing the concepts of ＂flow＂ and ＂intercepted flow＂, we probe into the dynamic mechanism on interaction between ecological and environmental system, and then point out that the ＂intercepting sites＂ are physical conditions for establishment of human settlements in mountains. Secondly, by using ecological theories, ＂flow＂, ＂source＂, and ＂sink＂, material cycle and energy flow in mountains have been discussed. Thirdly, according to dissipative structure theory and thermodynamic laws, a hypothesis has been proposed that ＂entropy flow＂ is a dynamic force for settlement evolution. Finally, it is argued that a project for soil conservation is set to control and utilize flows so rural settlements can be supported and farmers＇ life improved.

Compensation for Land Loss in Reservoir Resettlement: A Case Study of The Three Gorges Project, China

This paper studies current policies in compensation for land lost due to construction of the Three Gorges project (TGP), China. In the case study of Kaixian County, the value of land in the peri-urban areas is underestimated. Some losses in land are tangible and thus measurable, but some losses are intangible and thus immeasurable. The land available in the resettlement areas is scarce and rarely of equivalent quality. This study suggests that the loss of agricultural land be compensated with alternative land and/or non-land-based livelihood strategies, including part compensation in monetary terms and preferential policies.

“项目进村”对村庄治理机制的重构

“项目进村”是实现乡村产业振兴与集体经济可持续发展的关键,基于交易成本理论和治理机制的协同效应理论,结合安徽省YQ乡的案例分析,解读“项目进村”何以成功,并分析生产型治理对乡村治理机制的重构。研究发现:生产型治理通过发挥科层机制与合约机制的协同效应,能够降低项目的交易成本,实现“项目进村”;当合约机制的交易成本更低时,就会引致对科层机制的替代,但是当交易的非市场化程度较高时,就会不可避免地选择科层机制。科层机制是村庄“有项目”的基础,而合约机制的嵌入能够避免科层机制治理目标的异化,使得进村项目“得以落地”;合约机制是项目内生性嵌入村庄的过程,而通过与科层机制间的协同,能够避免合约机制治理能力的弱化,使得落地项目“得以持续”;通过生产型治理,可以从治理主体、产权结构、分配结构等方面打通乡村治理的关键痛点,为“项目进村”打下坚实的治理基础。

基于布迪厄理论的村落体育扶贫工程农民参与意愿研究

采用问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计等方法,基于布迪厄理论审视“三区三州”村落农民参与体育扶贫工程的意愿。结果表明:人口特征、经济资本、文化资本、社会资本等变量对“三区三州”村落农民参与体育扶贫工程意愿均有不同程度的影响。在性别上,男性较之女性意愿更强;在年龄上,老年人意愿强于青年人,青年人意愿强于中年人;在户口性质上,非农户口意愿强于农业户口。从影响系数看,各因素影响力依次是体育消费情况、农村体育公共服务组织、农村体育参与、家庭经济情况、常住人口,三类资本的影响力均超过人口学特征变量。据此提出建议:刺激农村体育消费、健全农村组织网络、创新农民健身活动、防止农村人口流失。