In recent years, along with centering on establishment of market economy system, stressing the importance of macroeconomic management, incessant exploitation, conservation and optimizing utilization of energy, and inc...In recent years, along with centering on establishment of market economy system, stressing the importance of macroeconomic management, incessant exploitation, conservation and optimizing utilization of energy, and incorporating rural production and environmental protection through technical innovation, rural energy construction has gained a significant progress with remarkable economical, environmental and social benefit.展开更多
This paper analyses the present situation of new and renewable energy development in China’s rural and remote areas and gives the development objectives and tasks which could be fulfilled in the future. At last, it i...This paper analyses the present situation of new and renewable energy development in China’s rural and remote areas and gives the development objectives and tasks which could be fulfilled in the future. At last, it is summed up that exploiting new and renewable energy is the national key strategy for rural economic development.展开更多
Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated ...Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.展开更多
Biomass has been widely accepted as a ＂zero-emission＂ energy carrier to take place fossil fuels, while its catalytic conversion is still limited by low efficiency of carbon atoms. Biomass conversion via 5- hydroxyme...Biomass has been widely accepted as a ＂zero-emission＂ energy carrier to take place fossil fuels, while its catalytic conversion is still limited by low efficiency of carbon atoms. Biomass conversion via 5- hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF） as a platform chemical is highly attractive because almost all carbon atoms could he retained in the downstream chemicals under mild reaction conditions. Here we summarize recent fundamental researches and industrial progresses on all involved processes including biomass degradation to hexoses, HMF formation, hydrogenation and oxidation of HMF.展开更多
文摘In recent years, along with centering on establishment of market economy system, stressing the importance of macroeconomic management, incessant exploitation, conservation and optimizing utilization of energy, and incorporating rural production and environmental protection through technical innovation, rural energy construction has gained a significant progress with remarkable economical, environmental and social benefit.
文摘This paper analyses the present situation of new and renewable energy development in China’s rural and remote areas and gives the development objectives and tasks which could be fulfilled in the future. At last, it is summed up that exploiting new and renewable energy is the national key strategy for rural economic development.
基金supported jointly by the National Key Project for Basic Research on Tibetan Plateau(G1998040800)Promotion Plan of the Ministry of Education and President Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20576025, 21133010, 21473223)Ningbo Agricultural Key Science and Technology Program (2013C11035)the Laboratory of Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry (ZDXKFZ201304, ZDXKFZ201306)
文摘Biomass has been widely accepted as a ＂zero-emission＂ energy carrier to take place fossil fuels, while its catalytic conversion is still limited by low efficiency of carbon atoms. Biomass conversion via 5- hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF） as a platform chemical is highly attractive because almost all carbon atoms could he retained in the downstream chemicals under mild reaction conditions. Here we summarize recent fundamental researches and industrial progresses on all involved processes including biomass degradation to hexoses, HMF formation, hydrogenation and oxidation of HMF.
