Objective:A study was conducted about the putative links of older rural Australians'health knowledge and preparation with their quality of involvement in patient-general practitioner(GP)communication during health...Objective:A study was conducted about the putative links of older rural Australians'health knowledge and preparation with their quality of involvement in patient-general practitioner(GP)communication during health intake visits.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study between January 2021 and April 2022.The 32-item quality of involvement in communication scale was designed and incorporated into the SurveyGizmo software.This online survey was administered by sending an email request to the Renmark Rotary Club,which actively promoted this study across five rural towns in South Australia.121 participants completed the surveys.Mean-sum scores were calculated based on the questionnaire responses to evaluate outcomes,specifically initiation of information,active participation,and emotional expression.We employed different methods including t-tests,ANOVA,and leaner regressions to analyse data.Results:The demographic profile of participants characterised by a female predominance(58.7%,71/121),a majority falling within the 65-<70 age bracket(47.1%,57/121),and a high level of educational attainment(58.7%had completed high school or higher,71/121).Additionally,35%of the participants predominantly spoke a language other than English at home.Regarding the initiation of information with GPs,the mean sum-score was(20.5+3.7),indicating a marginally above-average level of engagement.Contrarily,the active participation was suboptimal,as suggested by a mean sum score of(35.9±6.3).Furthermore,the emotional expression was relatively low,with a mean score of(13.9±1.8).Substantial variations were discerned in the quality of patient-GP communication,contingent upon factors such as educational background,language spoken at home,health literacy,and preparatory measures for clinical visits.Participants who predominantly spoke a language other than English at home demonstrated significantly lower levels of information initiation with their GPs(P<0.o01).Higher educational attainment was positively correlated with increased active participation(P<0.001).Enhanced health literacy and thorough visit preparation were significantly associated with increased levels of active participation(P<0.001).Conclusion:Meaningful engagement through recognition,empowerment,and support(health literacy programs)for older rural adults is suggested for improving their quality of involvement in communication with GPs.展开更多
Objective We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive training for older adults in rura settings and with low education levels, who have mild cognitive impairment （MCl）. Methods Forty-five older adults...Objective We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive training for older adults in rura settings and with low education levels, who have mild cognitive impairment （MCl）. Methods Forty-five older adults （ages 〉65 years） with MCI were assigned to treatment or control groups, at a 2：1 ratio. Cognitive training occurred in the treatment group for 2 months. The cognitive abilities of the participants were assessed at pre-training, metaphase, and post-training time points, using the Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment （LOTCA）, and Hamilton Depression Scale （HAM-D）. Results Following training, cognitive abilities improved in the treatment group, based on the total scores of all 4 measures, as well as specifically on the MoCA and LOTCA. There were differences in the main effects of group and time point on some subscales, but these differences had little, if any, effect on the overall analyses. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that cognitive training has beneficial effects on attention, language, orientation, visual perception, organization of visual movement, and logical questioning in patients with MCI. Furthermore, the observed effects are long-term changes.展开更多
This study provides information on the development and factor scaling, validity, and reliability of a newly developed community service utilization measure (Older Adult Service Usage Assessment-OASUA). Analyzes indica...This study provides information on the development and factor scaling, validity, and reliability of a newly developed community service utilization measure (Older Adult Service Usage Assessment-OASUA). Analyzes indicate the OASUA can be used to assess current perceived community service use and satisfaction, as well as providing an indication for future service use and potential service needs with older persons. Additional data collection sites should be identified and a broader sample obtained so as to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument in conjunction with further development of the OASUA.展开更多
目的:分析城乡居民医保整合对农村中老年人心理健康的影响及作用机制,为政策制定提供参考。方法:使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年四期面板数据,运...目的:分析城乡居民医保整合对农村中老年人心理健康的影响及作用机制,为政策制定提供参考。方法:使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年四期面板数据,运用多期双重差分法评估城乡居民医保整合对农村中老年人心理健康的影响,同时分析性别、慢性病和地区异质性,并进一步检验功能受限和劳动参与的中介效应。结果:城乡居民医保整合可以改善农村中老年人心理健康(P<0.01),对男性、西部地区农村中老年人有更显著的作用,但是在是否患有慢性病方面没有存在差异。城乡居民医保整合可能通过功能受限、劳动参与对农村中老年人的心理健康产生影响。结论:城乡居民医保政策可能对农村中老年人的心理健康产生影响,政府应关注城乡居民医保政策在心理健康方面的效益,在政策制定中充分考虑不同特征农村中老年人的差异,提高统筹层次,强化区域间协同。展开更多
This paper aims to investigate how social contacts affect middle-aged and older adults’(MOA)mental health,happiness,depression,and loneliness in China.The results show that social relations lead to an improvement of ...This paper aims to investigate how social contacts affect middle-aged and older adults’(MOA)mental health,happiness,depression,and loneliness in China.The results show that social relations lead to an improvement of mental health and hap-piness and relief of depression and loneliness.For respondents who changed the sta-tus of their social contacts during the sample period,social relations benefit overall mental health and happiness but have no significant impact on depression and lone-liness.Moreover,the loss in mental health and happiness from quitting the social activities exceeds the gain from joining.This asymmetrical impact between adding and dropping social contacts emphasizes the importance of maintaining the social relations of current participants.On average,the MOA’s willingness to pay(WTP)for social contacts ranges from$235 to$270,or 9.57-11.00%of income a year.展开更多
基金financed by the Flinders University College of Business,Government and Law Large Project Grant[Grant Number:100031.21].
文摘Objective:A study was conducted about the putative links of older rural Australians'health knowledge and preparation with their quality of involvement in patient-general practitioner(GP)communication during health intake visits.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study between January 2021 and April 2022.The 32-item quality of involvement in communication scale was designed and incorporated into the SurveyGizmo software.This online survey was administered by sending an email request to the Renmark Rotary Club,which actively promoted this study across five rural towns in South Australia.121 participants completed the surveys.Mean-sum scores were calculated based on the questionnaire responses to evaluate outcomes,specifically initiation of information,active participation,and emotional expression.We employed different methods including t-tests,ANOVA,and leaner regressions to analyse data.Results:The demographic profile of participants characterised by a female predominance(58.7%,71/121),a majority falling within the 65-<70 age bracket(47.1%,57/121),and a high level of educational attainment(58.7%had completed high school or higher,71/121).Additionally,35%of the participants predominantly spoke a language other than English at home.Regarding the initiation of information with GPs,the mean sum-score was(20.5+3.7),indicating a marginally above-average level of engagement.Contrarily,the active participation was suboptimal,as suggested by a mean sum score of(35.9±6.3).Furthermore,the emotional expression was relatively low,with a mean score of(13.9±1.8).Substantial variations were discerned in the quality of patient-GP communication,contingent upon factors such as educational background,language spoken at home,health literacy,and preparatory measures for clinical visits.Participants who predominantly spoke a language other than English at home demonstrated significantly lower levels of information initiation with their GPs(P<0.o01).Higher educational attainment was positively correlated with increased active participation(P<0.001).Enhanced health literacy and thorough visit preparation were significantly associated with increased levels of active participation(P<0.001).Conclusion:Meaningful engagement through recognition,empowerment,and support(health literacy programs)for older rural adults is suggested for improving their quality of involvement in communication with GPs.
基金supported by the Department of Health,Heilongjiang Province,China
文摘Objective We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive training for older adults in rura settings and with low education levels, who have mild cognitive impairment （MCl）. Methods Forty-five older adults （ages 〉65 years） with MCI were assigned to treatment or control groups, at a 2：1 ratio. Cognitive training occurred in the treatment group for 2 months. The cognitive abilities of the participants were assessed at pre-training, metaphase, and post-training time points, using the Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment （LOTCA）, and Hamilton Depression Scale （HAM-D）. Results Following training, cognitive abilities improved in the treatment group, based on the total scores of all 4 measures, as well as specifically on the MoCA and LOTCA. There were differences in the main effects of group and time point on some subscales, but these differences had little, if any, effect on the overall analyses. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that cognitive training has beneficial effects on attention, language, orientation, visual perception, organization of visual movement, and logical questioning in patients with MCI. Furthermore, the observed effects are long-term changes.
文摘This study provides information on the development and factor scaling, validity, and reliability of a newly developed community service utilization measure (Older Adult Service Usage Assessment-OASUA). Analyzes indicate the OASUA can be used to assess current perceived community service use and satisfaction, as well as providing an indication for future service use and potential service needs with older persons. Additional data collection sites should be identified and a broader sample obtained so as to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument in conjunction with further development of the OASUA.
文摘目的:分析城乡居民医保整合对农村中老年人心理健康的影响及作用机制,为政策制定提供参考。方法:使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年四期面板数据,运用多期双重差分法评估城乡居民医保整合对农村中老年人心理健康的影响,同时分析性别、慢性病和地区异质性,并进一步检验功能受限和劳动参与的中介效应。结果:城乡居民医保整合可以改善农村中老年人心理健康(P<0.01),对男性、西部地区农村中老年人有更显著的作用,但是在是否患有慢性病方面没有存在差异。城乡居民医保整合可能通过功能受限、劳动参与对农村中老年人的心理健康产生影响。结论:城乡居民医保政策可能对农村中老年人的心理健康产生影响,政府应关注城乡居民医保政策在心理健康方面的效益,在政策制定中充分考虑不同特征农村中老年人的差异,提高统筹层次,强化区域间协同。
文摘This paper aims to investigate how social contacts affect middle-aged and older adults’(MOA)mental health,happiness,depression,and loneliness in China.The results show that social relations lead to an improvement of mental health and hap-piness and relief of depression and loneliness.For respondents who changed the sta-tus of their social contacts during the sample period,social relations benefit overall mental health and happiness but have no significant impact on depression and lone-liness.Moreover,the loss in mental health and happiness from quitting the social activities exceeds the gain from joining.This asymmetrical impact between adding and dropping social contacts emphasizes the importance of maintaining the social relations of current participants.On average,the MOA’s willingness to pay(WTP)for social contacts ranges from$235 to$270,or 9.57-11.00%of income a year.
