Analysis on the Optimization of New Rural Social Endowment Insurance in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan

On the basis of the investigation on the status quo of pilot area of rural endowment insurance in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan,farmers' demand on insuance in the new pilot area of rural endowment insurance is expounded from two aspects:farmers' awareness on insurance is increasing gradually;farmers' ability on insuring is increasing.The growing demand of farmers on insuring and the conflicts between the supply of rural endowment insurance and the system construction are analyzed.The problems are inadequate input of funds,low level of social security;imperfect fund-collecting mechanism,serious vacancy;low level of fund management and operation,poor ability of inflation-proofing and appreciation;backward laws and regulations and instability of system.On the strength of the analysis above,the government should innovate and compound fund-collecting mechanism;establish "G-C-F" three-pillar model and set up "BSI" the third party custodian;accelerate the legislation of new rural pension system so as to push forward the optimization of new rural pension insurance system in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan.

Sensitivity of Personal Account Accumulated Value of New Rural Social Pension Insurance to Variation of Uncertainties

The personal account of new rural social pension insurance raises funds in the form of individual premium-paying,collectively pooled subsidy and government subsidy.The personal account accumulated value has a decisive influence on the payment level of personal account pension.The personal account accumulated value has a direct or indirect relationship with the income level of farmers,premium-paying level,the insured period,investment return rate of funds and other factors.Analysing the impact of infinitesimal variation of these factors on accumulated value of personal account pension,is of great significance to improving and consolidating personal account,and achieving sustainable development of new rural social pension insurance.

Constructing Index System for Evaluating Work Level in Rural Endowment Insurance

This paper used fuzzy math principles, analyzed different aspects of the work of the current rural endowment insurance and formed the indices to assess the work level of the rural endowment insurance. After selecting the indices of the work level scientificly, constructed the index system to evaluate the work level of the rural endowment insurance and the index system was expressed in the form of math equation. In this way, an objective standard used to evaluate the work level of rural endowment insurance was establised.

Investigation and Solutions of Rural Micro Insurance——A Case of Hebei Province

On the strength of investigation,the status quo of rural micro insurance of Hebei Province is introduced.The results show that it is characterized by the following features:rapid development;continuously increased experimental types and experimental areas;increasingly improved ability of serving the economic and social development;the combination of micro insurance and small loan has achieved success.Based on the efforts of analyzing the questionnaires,the following problems of the development of rural small loan are detected.For instance,the inadequate promotion on micro insurance;peasants' weak awareness of insurance;unclear understanding of the functions of micro insurance;unitary marketing channel of micro insurance;complex reasons of peasants' unwillingness to buy micro insurance and the poor service quality of insurance company.In view of these problems,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,which include strengthening the promotion on micro insurance,improving peasants' awareness of insurance;expanding the marketing channel and innovating operation mode;innovating the products of micro insurance and encouraging technological innovation;improving the quality of service and establishing the excellent image of insurance company;strengthening the support from government and assisting peasants to insure.

Optimization of Actuarial Model for Individual Account of Rural Social Pension Insurance

This paper firstly analyzes different payment methods of individual account and the pension replacement rate under the pension payment method.Results show that it will be more scientific and reasonable for the individual account of new rural social pension insurance to adopt the actuarial model of payment according to proportion of income and periodic prestation at variable amount.The Guiding Opinions on New Rural Social Pension Insurance sets forth individual account should be paid at fixed amount,and the insured voluntarily selects payment level as per criteria set by the State.The monthly calculation and distribution amount of pension is the total amount of individual account divided by139.Therefore,it should start from continuation of policies and make adjustment of payment level in accordance with growth of per capita net income of rural residents.When condition permits,it is expected to realize transition to payment as per income proportion and periodic prestation at variable amount.

Research on Interactive Relationship between Agricultural Insurance and Rural Financial Development in Central and Western Regions

By selecting the panel data from 2001 to 2008 in central and western regions,I adopt the methods of covariance analysis test,Hausman test,panel unit root test and co-integration test to conduct empirical research on the interactive relationship between agricultural insurance and rural financial development in central and western regions.The results show that there is a long-term balanced and interactive causal relationship between agricultural insurance and rural financial development in central and western regions.The agricultural insurance in western regions is the cause of rural financial development,while such relationship in central regions is not tenable.There is an interactive promotion relationship between agricultural insurance and rural financial development efficiency in central regions,while the relationship between agricultural insurance and rural financial development efficiency in western regions is mutually inhibitive,but the rural financial efficiency in western regions promotes the development of agricultural insurance.Then corresponding suggestions are put forward in order to give full play to the role of mutual promotion between agricultural insurance and rural financial development as follows:reinforce the support degree for policy finance in central and western regions;increase the inputs of rural financial institutions in serving agriculture,countryside and farmers;expand the types and coverage of policy agricultural insurance.

Comparative Analysis on Policy Realization of Old and New Rural Social Endowment Insurance System

Based on the perspective of"political potential"and"incentive mechanism",this paper compares the different effects of the old rural social endowment insurance system and the new rural social endowment insurance system,so as to explain the policy realization degree of the old and new rural social endowment insurance system.According to the analysis,the new rural social endowment insurance system has greatly improved the implementation of policies,the implementation of policies,the overall planning ability between departments,and the enthusiasm of individual farmers to participate in the insurance.Compared with the old rural social endowment insurance system,the policy realization ability of the new rural social endowment insurance system has been significantly enhanced,and the effect of the policy realization has been significantly improved.

乡村振兴战略下中国农业收入保险创新发展研究

在乡村振兴战略和粮食安全战略背景下,为深化农业供给侧结构性改革赋能我国“三农”产业结构升级,亟待加快构建农业收入保险制度体系,以实现农业强国目标。本文探讨了乡村振兴战略下创新发展我国农业收入保险的紧迫性和必要性,分析了我国农业收入保险试点中遇到的困难和不足,并借鉴美国、日本两国农业收入保险的制度安排和经营管理经验,提出了乡村振兴战略下创新发展中国农业收入保险的政策建议。

农村医疗保险的减贫效应研究——基于CFPS 2018的实证分析

基于中国家庭追踪调查2018年(CFPS 2018)的数据,以相对贫困线作为贫困标准,采用二元Logistic模型实证评估农村医疗保险制度的减贫效应及其异质性。整体样本回归结果表明,农村医疗保险减贫效应显著,在相对贫困线标准下降低了43.0%的贫困发生率。异质性分析结果表明,农村医疗保险减贫效应在年龄、性别方面存在差异:在年龄方面,农村医疗保险对于中老年人的减贫效应更为显著;在性别方面,农村医疗保险对于女性的减贫效应总体高于男性。为了充分发挥农村居民医疗保险减贫的制度效能,建议:优化医疗保险内部制度设计,强化经济绩效;下沉优质医疗卫生资源,提高健康绩效;建立长效机制,提高医疗保险减贫效应精准性。

金融素养对农村家庭商业保险参与的影响研究——基于CHFS数据的实证

金融素养是个体具有的一种金融能力,对金融决策行为产生重要影响。文章基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS2019)数据,利用Probit模型和Tobit模型,实证分析金融素养对农村家庭商业保险参与行为和参与深度的影响。研究表明:金融素养会显著促进农村家庭商业保险参与行为,对农村家庭商业保险参与深度有显著促进作用,对农村高收入家庭商业保险参与促进作用更加明显;家庭收入和风险态度在金融素养对农村家庭商业保险参与影响中存在中介效应;家庭总资产、户主受教育程度和年龄会显著提升农村家庭商业保险参与。因此,文章提出加强农村金融知识普及教育,提升农村居民金融素养和金融能力;积极发展农村商业保险,提高抵御风险能力;全面推进乡村振兴,拓宽农民增收致富渠道等建议。

城乡居民基本养老保险的制度优化研究

目前,我国城乡居民养老保险制度进入“从有到好”的新阶段,制度的优化成为关键问题。城乡居民养老保险制度作为“保基本”的社会保险制度,当前面临的主要问题表现在:城乡居民养老保险的待遇水平低、农村老龄人口基数大、管理层级低,公平性和可持续性发展问题凸显。为此,从保险待遇、保险结构和经办服务三个方面提出六条优化措施:提高城乡居民参保的最低缴费档次标准;设立城乡居民基本养老保险待遇的增长机制;引入集体补助促进保险缴费结构优化;引导灵活就业人员、失地农民等劳动年龄段城乡居民参加企业职工基本养老保险;探索城乡居民基本养老保险参保者转为企业职工基本养老保险参保者的分流途径和方法;探索提高城乡居民养老保险的管理层级。

长期照护保险对农村家庭消费水平的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析

基于预防性储蓄等理论,运用双重差分法,依据中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2011—2018年四期面板数据,考量长期照护保险政策对农村家庭消费水平的影响效应。结果显示,长期照护保险使得农村家庭消费水平总体提高了5.2%,这种消费促进效应突出地体现在食品消费、日用品消费、通信消费中,对文化娱乐消费和衣着消费影响不明显。异质性分析显示,非独生子女、收入高以及过去一年内有住院经历的农村家庭受长期照护保险政策的影响程度更大。机制分析表明,预防性储蓄、居民健康和代际经济支持是长期照护保险影响农村家庭消费的重要途径。鉴于此,应通过扩大城乡试点范围、建立多元筹资渠道、构建服务供给体系等方式,推动长期照护保险实现城乡全覆盖。

共同富裕背景下基本医疗保险的受益公平性研究——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析

基于“中国健康与养老追踪调查”(CHARLS)2011—2018年四期数据,研究两类基本医疗保险参保者的城乡身份、所在地区与收入水平对基本医疗保险受益的影响及其公平性,发现城镇职工医疗保险的覆盖率较低,而城乡居民医疗保险的实际覆盖率超过政策覆盖率;城镇和东部地区、高收入参保者的受益水平较高;医疗自付费用对低收入人群形成较大负担;随着时间的推移,参保者在不同维度的受益水平和公平性有所改善。模型分析结果还表明,在城镇职工医保内部,地区差距显著,东部、中部、西部、东北地区的住院费用水平依次递减,西部地区参保人员的健康水平显著低于东部地区;在城乡居民医保内部,城镇居民的受益水平显著高于农村居民和进城农民,东部地区居民的健康水平最高,而西部地区最低;参保者收入越低则住院费用越少,健康水平也越差。上述发现与结论对于进一步缩小不同城乡、地区和收入身份特征的参保者的受益差距,促进社会公平公正,推动共同富裕,具有一定的政策启示。

普惠保险能助推乡村文化振兴吗——基于农民增收的中介效应

学界当前对乡村文化振兴的探讨多聚焦理论分析,较少从实证层面对乡村文化振兴的驱动因素和传导机制进行研究。本文构建同时包含普惠保险、农民增收和乡村文化振兴的函数模型和理论框架,推导普惠保险通过农民增收影响乡村文化振兴的路径。选取2013~2020年31个省份数据,构建指标体系测算乡村文化振兴指数,采用中介效应模型实证检验普惠保险对乡村文化振兴的影响效果和作用机制。研究发现:普惠保险能显著助推乡村文化振兴,农民增收在普惠保险助推乡村文化振兴中发挥中介效应,农业劳动效率提升是普惠保险促进农民增收的重要机制;普惠保险在西部地区助推乡村文化振兴的效果优于东、中部地区;普惠保险助推乡村文化振兴存在“马太效应”,乡村文化振兴程度越高,普惠保险助推乡村文化振兴的效果越好。本文结论为统筹普惠保险发展,促进农民增收,并助推乡村文化振兴提供政策启示。

普惠保险、农村人力资本投资与城乡收入差距

基于柯布道格拉斯生产函数模型等理论,运用中介效应模型等方法,利用2012—2021年我国30个省(区、市)面板数据,分析普惠保险对农村人力资本投资和城乡收入差距的影响。结果表明:农村人力资本投资在普惠保险缩小城乡收入差距中具有中介效应;在居民受教育水平和农村人力资本投资水平较低的地区,普惠保险更有利于缩小城乡收入差距。因此,要充分发挥普惠保险优势,因地制宜有序缩小城乡收入差距。

基于城乡居民基本养老保险基础养老金建立国民基础养老金:实施路径和可行性分析

本文探讨基于城乡居民基本养老保险基础养老金建立国民基础养老金的实施路径和可行性。2022年年末我国至少还有1235万人口尚未参加基本养老保险。基于城乡居保基础养老金建立完全由财政筹资的普惠式非缴费型养老金,即国民基础养老金,可以为这些人提供老年基本生活保障,防止老年贫困。如果让目前尚未参加基本养老保险的老年人无须缴费即可直接享受城乡居保基础养老金待遇,同时加快将城乡居保基础养老金提高到农村低保水平,即可逐步实现基本养老保障“人口全覆盖”。在此基础上从城镇职工基本养老保险财政补贴中按农村低保水平划出相应部分,即可建立全民统一的国民基础养老金,为多层次养老保障体系建设奠定坚实基础。本文按照2030年城乡居保基础养老金达到全国农村低保水平的目标,测算了建立国民基础养老金所需新增财政资金,研究认为通过调整基本养老保险财政补贴支出结构可以实现上述目标。