Characteristics and influencing mechanisms of production-living-ecological space dynamics in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA),Chongqing,China

The Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)is an important ecological barrier in the Yangtze River Basin,China.Therefore,it is of great importance to understand the spatio-temporal variation and the driving factors of production-living-ecological spaces for sustainable and high-quality development in the TGRA.This study investigated the dynamic variation of production-living-ecological spaces in the TGRA by employing land use data in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2018,and detected the influencing factors by using the Geographic detector(GeoDetector).Results implied that the structure and dynamic trajectories of production-living-ecological spaces in the TGRA varied in both horizontal and vertical directions,and the study area was dominated by ecological space.A spatial orientation towards the northeast was detected in the evolution of production-living-ecological spaces during 2000-2018.In terms of quantity,the transition from ecological space(grassland and woodland)to agriculture land accounted for the largest proportion from 2000 to 2018.However,the reverse transition from agriculture land to ecological space has increased since 2000 with the efforts of“Grain for Green”.In terms of temporal scale,there was a fluctuating trend in production space with the continuous expansion of living space,while ecological space showed an inverted U-shaped trend during 2000-2018.The dynamic pattern of production-living-ecological spaces in the TGRA was influenced by both physical and socio-economic variables as basic determinants and dominant driving factors,respectively.Finally,the harmonization and protection of production-living-ecological spaces still require policy-makers’efforts.This work may have potential in advancing our understanding about land use conflicts,and provide a reference for rational layout of spatial functions and the realization of sustainable development in the TGRA.

Exploring the Element Integration of Urban and Rural“Space of Flows”in the Context of Consumption Upgrading:A Case Study of Changsi Village in Anhui Province

The mobility and interaction between urban and rural areas are becoming more and more intensive,and their links and exchanges are increasingly closer due to constant flow of factors such as information,capital,personnel and technology.In this context,the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”can promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,improve the consumption environment and experience,and promote the industrial upgrading and technological progress.To realize the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”,it is necessary to explore and innovate in infrastructure construction,information technology application,industrial cooperation and cultural exchanges.Government departments,enterprises and social organizations also need to work together to give play to their respective advantages and jointly promote the process of element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”.

An Evaluation System for Agriculture and Tourism Coupling Degree of Rural Complex Based on Production-living-ecological Space

Rural complex is a bright spot for China to realize the development of new industries for rural revitalization.Starting from the concept,development history and current situation of rural complex,based on the perspective of production-living-ecological space,according to the different characteristics of agriculture and tourism,3 secondary indices and 18 tertiary indices were selected,and each of them was weighted using the Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to construct an evaluation system for the coupling degree of agriculture and tourism in rural complex.The results show gross domestic product and forest coverage have the most significant impact on agriculture,economic benefits and the ecological water quality of tourist attractions have the most significant impact on the tourism industry,and tourism economic benefits and agricultural ecological benefits have the most significant impact on rural complex.

Association between Residential Greenness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Adults in Rural Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China:A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region.Methods We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016.The normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was used to estimate residential greenness.The generalized linear mixed model(GLMM)was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors.Results Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence.After adjustments were made for age,sex,education,and marital status,for each interquartile range(IQR)increase of NDVI500-m,the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3%(OR=0.897,95%CI=0.836-0.962),the risk of obesity by 20.5%(OR=0.795,95%CI=0.695-0.910),the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1%(OR=0.849,95%CI=0.740-0.974),and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5%(OR=0.895,95%CI=0.825-0.971).Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4%(OR=0.796,95%CI=0.716-0.885)for the same.Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation among male participants.The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level.PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%-9.2%of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation.Conclusion Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang.Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.

基于AHP-SPACE矩阵的镇雄县乡村产业发展战略研究

该研究构建县域乡村产业评价指标体系,明确乡村各产业战略地位,制定科学的产业发展优化措施,改善农民生活、推进农村现代化,为县域乡村产业发展决策提供参考依据。通过战略地位和行动评价SPACE矩阵,从财务优势、竞争优势、环境稳定性和产业优势共4个方面构建乡村产业评价指标体系。应用层次分析法(AHP)确定指标权重。镇雄县农林牧渔具有竞争型战略地位,工业,建筑业,交通运输、仓储和邮政业,批发零售业,房地产业及其他服务业属于进取型战略地位,住宿和餐饮业为防御型战略地位,金融业为保守型战略地位。镇雄县发展起步较晚,但乡村振兴战略和政府支持为其带来巨大潜力。未来应重点发展乡村主导产业,增加投资力度,推动产业快速发展。

Analysis of the Image Space of Rural Landscape of the Pearl River Delta

Through questionnaires and perceptual maps,we made a variation analysis of landscape spatial image to the people in the Pearl River Delta from the viewpoint of the subjective perception.It is found that the people of different ages and different education levels from different areas hold diversified perceptions towards rural landscape space,and they have different ideal rural landscapes.However,there is a common point that the development of rural landscape should retain its excellent local landscape features and the local spirit,which will provide references for building the ideal rural landscape model.

Conservation-minded Urban Green Space System Planning in the Urban-rural Integration

Environmental and ecological problems in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, characteristics of urban green space system introduced, such as excellent landscape eco-structure, distinctive historical and humanistic features, and diversified natural landscape resources, and also challenges pointed out. Evolution, overall spatial structure and conservation concept of conservation-minded urban green space system planning were elaborated, on the basis of which the evaluation system of conservation-minded urban green space system was studied, and it was proposed that mutual relationship between impact factors of compound value and qualitative evaluation factors should be taken into consideration as a whole in evaluating conservation effects of green space system. Quantitative evaluation indexes and qualitative evaluation measures were analyzed, an objective and precise evaluation system for the conservation-minded urban green space system was established by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to improve ecological environment during the urbanization, and fully show planning concepts of conservation-minded green space system.

Space Pattern of Rural Leisure Tourism Development in Southwest Minority Area——A Case Study of Ethnic Minority Area in Southeast Chongqing

On the basis of analysis of current research documents on rural leisure tourism, taking ethnic minority area of Southeast Chongqing for example, the paper expounded ecology, culture, authenticity and uniqueness of rural leisure tourist resources in ethnic minority area, and city-dependent, scenic area-dependent, traffic route-dependent and remote characteristic village type of space pattern.

Ecological function transitions of land use in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone from the perspective of production-living-ecological space

The ecological function of land use is the basis for developing an ecological civilization and realizing sustainable development.This paper may help guide the coordination of economic development and ecological development in China’s coastal border areas.Based on theoretical analysis,this paper studies the spatiotemporal evolution of the functional spaces and the ecological function transitions of land use in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone(BGEZ)by analyzing patterns,processes,and factors by applying eco-environmental quality index,grid subdivision,kriging interpolation,barycenter model,and Geodetector.This paper constructs a theoretical framework of ecological function transitions of land use based on the research idea of“system-pattern-process-factor”,and carries out empirical research.Some conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1)The ecological space in the BGEZ has continuously decreased,converting mainly into agricultural production space and industrial-mining production space.The production space has expanded slowly.The area of living space in the BGEZ has increased rapidly.(2)The ecological function of land use in the BGEZ has continued to weaken,especially in the southern part of the BGEZ.The“high-sub-high”quality zones of ecological function are retreating to the north.(3)There were more deterioration transition areas than optimization transition areas of ecological function in the BGEZ.The former were mostly located in the central and southern urbanized areas of the BGEZ,whereas the latter were mostly located in the edge zones of district and county units.(4)As for the driving factors of the deterioration transitions of land use ecological function in the BGEZ,the significant trend of“de-ecologization”of the land cover/land use structure was the dominant driving factor;the interactions among the“natural-socioeconomic-managerial”systems were the main recessive factor.The natural system played a fundamental role,and the driving force of natural factors was the strongest.The industrialization,urbanization,and GDP increment in the socioeconomic system and the policy positioning of development intensity in the managerial system played a significant role.The interactions among natural factors,road construction,and industrial non-agricultural transformation had a“fuze”effect on stimulating driving forces.

Evaluation of the production-living-ecology space function suitability of Pingshan County in the Taihang mountainous area,China

A rational utilization of land is a matter of importance in sustainable development of mountainous area.The land function in mountainous areas has a close connection with space structure of ecology,production and living.To promote a harmonious development of the relationship between people and nature in mountainous areas,it is necessary to coordinate their relationships of space functions.Suitability evaluation of basic unit function associated with multi-scale space analysis is a prerequisite to a reasonable optimization of land function structure.In this study,an optimized evaluation index system of combination functions was introduced into the assessment of ecological spatial functional suitability in ecological fragile regions by adding three indicators,namely,soil erosion sensitivity,landscape ecological risk and ecological sensitivity.The principle of"taking high"(referred to a function with high suitability to be regarded as the main function of an evaluation unit)and ecological priority(referred to the case,supposing the suitability of a unit’s three functions is consistent,the main function is determined to be the ecological function)were used to determine the main function of an evaluation unit.Pingshan County,China,located at the eastern foot of the Taihang Mountain,was targeted in this case study.The production-livingecology space(PLES)function in Pingshan was identified by applying our improved valuation indexes.Further,the functional suitability distribution of the combination of elements was obtained by using overlapping comprehensive analysis method,considering the tradeoff of the functional suitability of combination elements.The regions suitable for production/living were distributed in relatively flat piedmont plains,whereas the regions suitable for ecology were distributed in the mountain areas of middle and low altitudes.Therefore,to maintain a sustainable development in mountainous areas,an improved scheme of development for Pingshan should be to delineate ecologically fragile areas,to build ecological industrial parks near existing scenic spots,to protect basic agricultural production areas,and to increase investment in science and technology,including reasonable ecological compensation.This study can provide reference for the planning of sustainable development in the Taihang Mountain area and similar regions.

NEW RURAL SPACES: THE IMPACT OF RURAL INDUSTRIALIZATION ON RURAL-URBAN TRANSITION IN CHINA

Since the 1980s, rural-urban transition has been becoming one of the most important aspects in China’s fast transformation from traditional to modern modes. From the perspective of change of rural space, this paper examines the impact of rural industrialization on the rural-urban transition. After an introduction to the issue of rural-urban transition in rural-urban continuum, a historical overview of the transformations of China’s rural space in economic, social and geographical structure is presented. This is followed by an analysis of regiotal uneven development among provinces in rural industrialization and rural-urban transition. It is concluded that the fast industrialization of rural area has brought on many radical transformations of rural space in China, especially on the formation of new rural economic, social and geographical spaces and the uneven development of rural-urban trgnsition among the eastern, central and westem areas.

Spatial Evolution of Tourism-Oriented Rural Residential Space: A Case Study of Xiaochuanfangyu Village, Dongshuichang Village and Maojiayu Village in Jizhou District, Tianjin

Currently, rural residential space can't continue to meet the growing demand for tourism receptions because of the development of rural tourism, resulting in the evolution and reconstruction of residential space in rural areas. In the past decade, rural tourism has become the main driving force for industrial transformation and economic growth in rural areas of China. Taking three tourism-oriented villages in Jizhou District, Tianjin, namely Xiaochuanfangyu Village, Dongshuichang Village and Maojiayu Village, as the objects of the research, this paper analyzed the influence of rural tourism on the evolution of rural residential space from the perspectives of the spatial pattern and architectural style at the microscopic scale.

基于CiteSpace的中国乡村空间研究热点和趋势可视化分析

在新型城镇化和乡村振兴互促共生、双轮驱动的大背景下,乡村空间成为乡村地理学热门研究领域。以1998—2022年CSSCI索引期刊收录的1566篇文献为数据源,应用CiteSpace软件,对国内乡村空间研究进行可视化分析,绘制知识图谱,剖析热点与趋势。研究发现,我国乡村空间发文量可分为萌芽期、快速发展期、稳定发展期3个阶段,研究团队呈现分散向集中转变的趋势,学科领域主要涉及人文地理学、城乡规划学、土地资源管理、宏观经济管理等。我国乡村空间领域研究热点主要包括乡村聚落、乡村转型、乡村重构、乡村振兴。我国乡村空间研究的趋势为研究对象由乡村空间向城乡共治延伸,研究维度由物质空间向多维空间拓展,研究视角由单一尺度向多尺度发展,研究方法由单一学科向多学科融合演进。

Rural Residential Space Differentiation and Social Ecology

After reviewing the rural development in China since the establishment of new China,the paper has pointed out that the promotion of urbanization and construction of new socialist countryside have led to the migration of a number of rural people,the damage of traditional communities,rural social hierarchy and social separation.With the movement of people,a large area of rural lands have been abandoned and land resources been wasted.In view of these problems,it is considered that it should not adopt urban construction mode blindly in rural planning,but reconstruct rural social ecology and introduce non physical pattern planning based on rural development and villagers'status,providing a solid basis for physical pattern planning,so as to guide urban-rural coordinated development.

Solutions to the Construction of Rural Spaces in China Based on Its Problems

Rural spaces in China have witnessed various problems,such as excessive village merging,urbanization of rural image,and loss of history,culture regional characteristics.Village merging in western Europe brought it severe lessons,but in the processing of its rural spaces,the locals respected the nature,manifested regional characteristics,respected the history,which is a valuable enlightenment for China to promote the overall optimization of rural space construction.

A Study on the Factors Influencing the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas Based on State-space Model

The increasingly widening income gap between urban and rural areas is affected by many factors. Using the stepwise regression analysis,we find that urbanization level,socio-economic development,education level,financial development scale and financial development efficiency have the greatest impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. By cointegration test,it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between these five variables and the income gap between urban and rural areas. We build the state-space model to research the dynamic impact of these factors on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The results show that by improving the level of urbanization,we can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,while socio-economic development,the improvement of education level,expansion of financial development scale and financial development efficiency all significantly expand the income gap between urban and rural areas.

The Planning of Rural Public Space Influenced by the Cultural Tourism Industry

With Peitian Village in Fujian Province as the research object, existing problems in architectufe, in＆astfucture, population, industty, and culture were analyzed, and a solution to the combination of cultural tourism industry and. public space planning was proposed. Space planning methods were illustrated to achieve a sustainable cultural tourism industry chain and ecological agricultiiral production model, and landscape design means were discussed to increase economic income while optimizing the living environment.

Application of Landscape Trilism in Landscape Design of Rural Public Spaces:A Case Study of Landscape Restoration in Villagers'Committee of Madian Village

Based on the landscape trilism,this study analyzed the problems in the landscape promotion of the village,infrastructure and garden settings construction,rural culture and cohesion in the landscape restoration project of the Villagers’Committee of Madian Village(hereinafter referred to as“Madian Vil agers’Committee”)and the affiliated green spaces,and proposed corresponding suggestions.The results showed that solving realistic problems pertinently according to the 3 layers of the trilism achieved positive effectandhadpracticalsignificant.Through the reasonable renovation and improvement,landscape restoration project of Madian Villagers’Committee was much improved,which provided theoretical and practical references for landscape renovation of other rural public spaces.

基于CiteSpace的我国乡村聚落水域空间研究综述

自国家开展改善农村人居环境整治相关工作以来,乡村人居环境优化升级成为重要议题,随着《农村人居环境整治提升五年行动方案(2021—2025年)》等相关文件印发,表明对乡村聚落空间环境的研究仍是学界亟须关注的焦点。文章立足建筑科学工程学科视角,聚焦乡村聚落水域空间这一重要乡村聚落空间要素,借助CNKI数据库,整理2010—2021年相关文献,运用CiteSpace软件分析得出近年相关研究的热门研究地区、关注焦点及研究脉络。同时,对该领域研究趋向进行了分析与展望。

How to Draw on the Urban-rural Space Evolution Experience of Foreign Metropolis for Xi'an?

"Space" is the place where people take social and economic activities,as well as the carrier supporting any public life style and rights and acts.Urban and rural places are the two main parts that comprise the regional economic system,and only when they are developed harmoniously can the overall economic optimization and social welfare maximization come true.On basis of analyzing the experience and mechanism of urban and rural spaces of London,New York and Tokyo 3 typical international metropolitan area and learning from their development experience,the study has proposed development strategies for the integration of urban-rural space of Xi'an City according to its current development situation.