Improvement Of Rural Social Security System and the Service Government Construction

The establishment and improvement of the social system is an important indicator of a nation political cultures and social development, and is the basic guarantee of social harmony. In recent years, our urban social security system is maturing, but rural social security system is almost a blank, affecting the economic and political development, and the progress of the farmers, and restricting the process of service government construction.Service government is a new model of government, which orients the purpose of fundamental interests for the whole people. The rural and the farmers are the focus of our country, and the improvement of rural social security system is the key point for solving the problems. Therefore, it is really important to deal with the relationship between the improvement of rural social security system and the service government construction.In my essay, based on the analysis of the theory of rural social security system and the service government, I will put forward the ideas of the improvement of rural social security system and the service government construction.

Comparative Analysis on Policy Realization of Old and New Rural Social Endowment Insurance System

Based on the perspective of"political potential"and"incentive mechanism",this paper compares the different effects of the old rural social endowment insurance system and the new rural social endowment insurance system,so as to explain the policy realization degree of the old and new rural social endowment insurance system.According to the analysis,the new rural social endowment insurance system has greatly improved the implementation of policies,the implementation of policies,the overall planning ability between departments,and the enthusiasm of individual farmers to participate in the insurance.Compared with the old rural social endowment insurance system,the policy realization ability of the new rural social endowment insurance system has been significantly enhanced,and the effect of the policy realization has been significantly improved.

The Approaches to Narrowing Urban-Rural Income Gap——From the Perspective of Rural Social Security

From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social economy:firstly,it hampers economic development;secondly,it is detrimental to the social development.Then the thesis analyzes the role of a sound social security in narrowing urban-rural income gap:at first,it broadens the institutional environment of improving the agricultural efficiency;secondly,it eliminates the uncertainties influencing the farmers' income;thirdly,it improves the farmers' capacity to increase income;at last,it enhances the farmers' consciousness of wealth.Next the thesis inquires into the problems existing in the system of rural social security:the first problem is more obviously fragmented system;the second is inadequate security projects and narrower coverage;the third is an obvious lack of equality in urban and rural security;the fourth is even less sound management system;the last is the lagging of legislation.Afterwards the thesis proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the system of rural social security and narrow urban-rural income gap:firstly,to integrate the social security system in rural areas;secondly,to perfect security projects and enhance the security system;thirdly,to integrate the administrative management of social security;at last,to enforce the legal system.

Human Capital of Family and Social Mobility in Rural Areas-Evidence from China

This research focuses on the impact of family＇s human capital on social mobility in China＇s rural community.Empirical research is conducted based on data from surveying a typical rural community in the past 20 yr.The study indicates that social mobility in rural area is active in the past 20 yr,and the human capital of family,represented by primary labor＇s education level,has played an essential role in mobility of low social class.Meanwhile,socio-economic development and the change of supply and demand in labor market dims the signaling role of degree education,but the impact of occupational training is increasingly remarkable.Therefore,the change from sole degree education to multi-leveled education including occupational education and training is a main way for China＇s rural families in low class to realize social mobility.

Actual Value of Rural Cultural Auditorium Construction from the Perspective of Social Transformation:A Case Study of Wenzhou City

From the perspective of social transformation,this paper analyzed the actual value of the construction of Wenzhou rural cultural auditorium,and it was found that it has important value in promoting the transformation of rural culture,economy,and grassroots governance.The construction of rural cultural auditorium is helpful for improving the present backward status of rural public cultural service supply,and promoting the integration and development of rural culture and urban culture;cultivating new rural economic entities,injecting action force for rural economic transformation and development;providing space guarantee for citizen participation in rural grassroots social governance,and is favorable for enhancing the awareness of public participation in rural grassroots governance.However,in the context of comprehensive rural revitalization,the value of cultural auditorium construction has not yet been fully realized.It is necessary to further enhance its value in rural social transformation from three aspects:auditorium construction,daily activity undertaking,and residents'participation in cultivation.

Sensitivity of Personal Account Accumulated Value of New Rural Social Pension Insurance to Variation of Uncertainties

The personal account of new rural social pension insurance raises funds in the form of individual premium-paying,collectively pooled subsidy and government subsidy.The personal account accumulated value has a decisive influence on the payment level of personal account pension.The personal account accumulated value has a direct or indirect relationship with the income level of farmers,premium-paying level,the insured period,investment return rate of funds and other factors.Analysing the impact of infinitesimal variation of these factors on accumulated value of personal account pension,is of great significance to improving and consolidating personal account,and achieving sustainable development of new rural social pension insurance.

乡村振兴战略下社会组织建构乡村阅读服务体系的实践探索

探究乡村振兴战略背景下社会组织建构乡村阅读服务体系的实践现状,为社会组织开展乡村阅读服务提供参考。选取2017—2023年14个社会组织已公开的年度报告作为研究样本,结合扎根理论识别并分析乡村振兴战略背景下社会组织建构乡村阅读服务体系的实践机理,并进一步采用必要条件分析(NCA)和模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探讨了社会组织建构乡村阅读服务体系的组态路径。结果表明:阅读服务保障体系是提高乡村阅读服务成效的必要条件,但要获得更高成效需要整个体系协调运转;存在生态构建驱动型、资源建设驱动型、师资—保障驱动型3种高服务成效的组态路径;为推进乡村阅读服务体系的高质量发展,社会组织应当提高阅读服务保障能力、重新审视阅读服务资源建设价值、建设多层次的阅读服务师资、推进多元主体的良性协作和联动城乡阅读服务。

乡村社会精英参与乡村治理效果评价研究

乡村振兴是实现国家现代化及实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的重要一环。要实现乡村振兴,人才振兴是关键,在党的十九大上,新乡贤作为新时代的乡村社会精英进入人们的视野,其作为重要的人才资源,日益成为参与乡村治理、实现乡村振兴的重要资源。乡村社会精英参与乡村治理面临哪些困境?其参与效果如何?需要具体指标评价。本文以此为着力点,在进行实地调研和广泛阅读文献的基础上,试图构建乡村社会精英参与乡村治理效果的评价指标体系,并构建相关变量之间的关系。

乡村产业融合对集体行动响应的影响——基于社会生态系统(SES)框架的研究

基于社会生态系统(SES)框架,利用2022年中国土地经济调查(CLES)数据,采用OLS模型和中介效应模型,实证分析乡村产业融合对村庄集体行动响应的影响和作用机制。结果表明:乡村产业融合对集体行动响应具有显著正向影响;在进行内生性和稳健性检验后,研究结论依然成立。机制分析表明,乡村产业融合主要通过提高收入水平、重塑社会资本和增加政策感知等路径破解集体行动困境。同时,受利益联结机制驱动,乡村产业融合的影响在原生型组织模式下更为显著。据此,建议进一步加快促进乡村产业融合发展,持续优化乡村产业融合达成集体行动的良好生态,创新紧密型联结机制的实现形式,进而促进集体行动达成。

乡村老年人数字鸿沟的“针灸理念”介入机理与实践逻辑

在老龄化和数字化的双重背景下,如何有效弥合乡村老年人数字鸿沟是数字乡村建设必须回答的时代命题。文章以“针灸理念”为切入视角,结合社会工作实务的四大基本系统,构建“针灸理念”介入乡村老年人数字鸿沟的分析框架。研究发现,“针灸理念”介入乡村老年人数字鸿沟的过程主要包括“激活功能、确定穴位”和“辨症施针、舒经活穴”两大疗程,继而提出“空间微更新、需求微刺激、资源微链接、多方微组织”四大行动策略,但在介入过程中依然存在“理念、个体、系统”层面的现实困境。因此,可进一步通过“全局观”倡导数字包容、“渐进式”增强数字认同、“可持续”保证多主体参与的一系列“舒经活穴”路径,增强乡村老年人的数字获得感和幸福感。

共责异构:农村养老服务的有效模式

以人口老龄化和乡村振兴的双重战略为背景,基于全国78名村党组织书记的一手访谈资料,采用定性比较分析方法,探讨不同主体在农村养老服务中的作用和效果。区别于既有理论,我国农村养老体系呈现主体分层、对象分类、方法分段的“共责异构”特征。组态结果显示:(1)邻里互助是唯一的单因素必要条件,市场机制基本缺失;(2)政府兜底是互助型养老的前提,党建引领的组织化社会力量起到补足作用;(3)居家养老的主要逻辑是共同体互助而不完全是家庭反哺,机构养老的逻辑是政府主导资源协同。在新时代新征程,农村养老体系改革要立足中华民族优秀传统文化和制度优势,实现有中心的多元协同。

农村社会诚信建设的主要困境及路径选择

农村社会诚信建设既是村民个人品德提高的主要依凭,也是农村经济发展的重要保障,更是实现乡村振兴战略的价值目标。农村社会诚信建设面临农村行政能力弱化、传统诚信文化衰退、诚信制度建设滞后等发展困境。从强化党的领导、弘扬传统诚信文化、加强农村诚信制度建设等方面探析农村社会诚信建设的有效路径,对于推进农村社会稳定和发展具有重要现实意义。

甘南高原乡村社会-生态系统可持续治理机制研究

甘南高原既是黄河上游重要水源补给生态功能区,又是安多藏文化核心区,研究该区域乡村社区对推动高寒地区乡村振兴和共同富裕具有重要意义。应用社会—生态系统理论开展甘南高原乡村社区可持续治理机制研究对该区域实现乡村振兴,保障民族地区团结稳定和长治久安具有重要意义。本文基于社会—生态系统理论,结合甘南高原特殊的文化背景,扩展了适用于甘南高原乡村文化特征的社会—生态系统分析框架,提出了包含资源系统、资源单位、治理系统、文化系统、使用者系统的甘南高原乡村社会—生态系统“五要素”分析框架,并对该框架的二级指标进行了细化,梳理了甘南高原乡村社会—生态系统的治理历程,最后分析了甘南高原乡村社会—生态系统不同演化阶段的可持续治理机制。

汉代乡村治理策略与制度安排述要

乡村治理是汉代国家治理最为重要的内容。朝廷实施以“孝悌廉洁”为标准“举孝廉”的官员选拔制度,继承和发扬古已有之的“三老”制度,规范和恢复上古的礼仪制度。这些从中央政府到地方乡村完备严密多条并行的垂直治理制度,为巩固政权获取稳定的财政、赋税和人力资源,有效管控豪右势力的扩张起到了较好的治理效果。

塑造共识和鼓励参与:乡村振兴视角下积分制实践的现实思考和发展路径

积分制是鼓励民众参与社会治理,凝聚共同意识的制度创新。阿尔山村基于村规民约制定积分制管理办法,使之与乡村振兴相联系,旨在提升村民对集体事务的关注。通过量化指标设计与精神物质激励,以制度创新应对生产关系转型、生活空间变迁、人口流失加剧带来的治理问题。积分制的运行,需要健全治理主体、塑造群体共识、适合地方实际、激发参与活力,从而实现基层组织自治有为、法治有效、德治有感,促进乡村振兴稳步发展。

乡村振兴背景下高职院校农类专业教师社会服务能力评价指标体系构建

在乡村振兴战略背景下,构建高职院校农类专业教师社会服务能力评价指标体系,引导和鼓励教师积极参与乡村振兴,提高自身的社会服务能力和水平。通过德尔菲专家咨询法、访谈法等构建农类高职院校教师社会服务能力评价指标体系。该指标体系包含4个一级指标、10个二级指标、28个三级指标。利用AHP对指标体系中各级指标权重进行赋值,明确各指标权重。研究成果为高职院校农类专业开展教师社会服务能力评价提供了可借鉴的评价方法与工具。

以基层社会治理现代化助推乡村振兴

随着我国乡村振兴战略的提出和推进,乡村发展逐渐成为国家发展的重要议题,而基层社会治理作为乡村发展的基石,其现代化程度直接影响着乡村振兴的成效。因此,加强基层社会治理现代化,提升基层组织的能力和水平,成为当前乡村振兴的迫切需求。该文介绍基层社会治理理念、基层社会治理现代化的意义,提出以基层社会治理现代化助推乡村振兴的路径。

从“疏离”迈向“协同”:乡村振兴背景下幼儿园与社区互动现状及提升策略研究

乡村幼儿园与乡村社区之间的互动作为乡村振兴与乡村幼教互生共长的重要发力点,反思二者互动可以有效审视乡村振兴背景下我国乡村幼教赖以生存的“旧生态”。本研究对我国东、中、西部六省(区/市)的1 821位乡村幼儿教师进行问卷调查,并对乡村幼儿园园长、社区工作人员以及幼儿家长共27人进行访谈,借鉴社会互动理论,从园社互动的总体概况及向度、深度、广度和频度进行分析发现:我国乡村园社互动整体处于中等水平,呈现“间隔疏离”的总体特征。由于互动观念淡薄、互动机制不畅、行动逻辑各异等,导致园社互动中呈现出单向发起多,双向发起少;表层互动多,深层互动少;原子化互动多,全体性互动少;工具性互动多,情感性互动少等问题。我国在构建“新乡土幼教体系”的征程中,应反思乡村振兴背景下二者互动的逻辑起点和重要意义,谋求价值协同;建立园所积极主导、社区有效支持的互动机制,创生制度协同;探索园社联动紧密、行动耦合的互动模式,共促行动协同。

社会系统理论视角下乡村干部主体性现状与培育研究

全面实施乡村振兴战略,乡村建设至关重要。村干部是推动乡村建设的领导力量。当前,大多数村干部具备良好的治理能力,能够有所作为。然而,部分乡村干部主体性不强,阻碍乡村建设的发展。文章通过调研Y县,了解该县村干部主体性现状,剖析了乡村干部主体性较弱的原因,并从强化教育培训、畅通监督渠道、壮大村级集体经济、建立健全激励保障制度等方面提出了培育村干部主体性的可行性对策,以帮助村干部更好地发挥主体性作用,促进乡村治理的现代化发展。

社会信用视域下积分制赋能乡村治理研究——以H省L县“信用+积分”制为例

乡村治理是基层治理的重点和难点,是推进乡村振兴,实现国家治理现代化的关键环节。近年来,在积极推进乡村治理创新的背景下,积分制模式在乡村治理中的应用日益广泛。H省L县“信用+积分”制乡村治理模式的具体实践表明,社会信用建设与积分制治理模式相融合,通过双向互动促进治理主体意识激活、奖惩激励约束引导村民行为塑造、多元协同与治理能力重塑等作用机制赋能乡村治理。但其运行中仍存在一些不足,因此,需要从建立保障机制、完善积分考评、加强数字应用等方面持续优化。