Mushrooms have a remarkable scientific value due to their nutritional, medicinal properties and industrial applications in enzyme production, so that effort in the maintenance of native wild mushroom varieties is incr...Mushrooms have a remarkable scientific value due to their nutritional, medicinal properties and industrial applications in enzyme production, so that effort in the maintenance of native wild mushroom varieties is increasing. The present study focuses on the use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for biodiversity measure of wild mushroom species of the Northwest mountainous region of Greece. Data mining of similarity matrices from RAPD analysis was used to extract measurable entropy parameters for mushroom biodiversity monitoring based on Shannon’s information entropy. Shannon information index provides an easy assessment of the entropy of the genetic information of the germplasm per mushroom species while the total equitability index (E<sub>H</sub>) = 0.871 offers an overall estimation of the genetic variation evenness of all species in the population of the studied mushrooms. Application of RAPDs with parallel entropy analysis is an easily applicable and low-cost valuable technology in environmental monitoring, using genetic information of wild mushroom species as an indicator that can lead to future actions in biodiversity maintenance and germplasm protection. The provided methodology can serve as a pilot procedure enriched with other environmental factors to monitor and protect wild mushroom communities native to the Greek countryside or in any part of the world and provide comparable results about biodiversity from different regions using common entropy indices.展开更多
This article explores the dead universe theory as a novel interpretation for the origin and evolution of the universe, suggesting that our cosmos may have originated from the remnants of a preceding universe. This per...This article explores the dead universe theory as a novel interpretation for the origin and evolution of the universe, suggesting that our cosmos may have originated from the remnants of a preceding universe. This perspective challenges the conventional Big Bang theory, particularly concerning dark matter, the expansion of the universe, and the interpretation of phenomena such as gravitational waves.展开更多
根据频谱扩展-压缩(spectrum spread and compression,SSC)移频干扰信号和回波信号时频分布特性的差异,提出一种基于广义S变换和Tsallis交叉熵阈值分割的干扰抑制方法。分析了SSC移频干扰的干扰原理和干扰信号经过解线调后的信号形式,...根据频谱扩展-压缩(spectrum spread and compression,SSC)移频干扰信号和回波信号时频分布特性的差异,提出一种基于广义S变换和Tsallis交叉熵阈值分割的干扰抑制方法。分析了SSC移频干扰的干扰原理和干扰信号经过解线调后的信号形式,并利用时频聚焦性较好的广义S变换获取接收信号经过解线调后的时频图像,根据时频图像对应的灰度图像,以Tsallis交叉熵最小化作为目标函数,求出灰度图像的最佳分割阈值,并根据分割阈值构建时频滤波器,实现干扰抑制。仿真结果表明:该方法对于SSC移频干扰产生的假目标具有较好的抑制效果,干扰抑制比可达30 dB以上。展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to assess the operational efficiency of a public bus transportation via a case study from a company in a large city of China by using data envelopment analysis(DEA)model and Shannon’s ent...The purpose of this paper is to assess the operational efficiency of a public bus transportation via a case study from a company in a large city of China by using data envelopment analysis(DEA)model and Shannon’s entropy.This company operates 37 main routes on the backbone roads.Thus,it plays a significant role in public transportation in the city.According to bus industry norms,an efficiency evaluation index system is constructed from the perspective of both company operations and passenger demands.For passenger satisfaction,passenger waiting time and passenger-crowding degree are considered,and they are undesirable indicators.To describe such indicators,a superefficient DEA model is constructed.With this model,by using actual data,efficiency is evaluated for each bus route.Results show that the DEA model with Shannon’s entropy being combined achieves more reasonable results.Also,sensitivity analysis is presented.Therefore,the results are meaningful for the company to improve its operations and management.展开更多
The biological </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">principal</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;"> or its detailed mechanism for the ...The biological </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">principal</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;"> or its detailed mechanism for the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been investigated and analyzed from the topological entropy approach. The findings thus obtained have provided very useful clues and information for developing both powerful and safe vaccines against the pandemic COVID-19.展开更多
Shear viscosity (η) is a basic transport coefficient of the medium.In this work,we calculate shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/S) of an equilibrated system in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions withi...Shear viscosity (η) is a basic transport coefficient of the medium.In this work,we calculate shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/S) of an equilibrated system in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions within the framework of the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model (BUU) model.After the equilibration of Au + Au system at central collision in a fixed volume is reached,temperature,pressure and energy density are extracted by the phase space information and then η/S is calculated using the Green-Kubo formulas.The results show that η/S drops with the incident energy and its value is not so drastically different from the RHIC results.展开更多
By means of the Second Law of Thermodynamics,thispaper gives out the entropy analysis method for vapor-comperession refrigeration system.The thermal irrevers-ibility of the system charged with R12 and its hopeful al-t...By means of the Second Law of Thermodynamics,thispaper gives out the entropy analysis method for vapor-comperession refrigeration system.The thermal irrevers-ibility of the system charged with R12 and its hopeful al-ternative refrlgerant R134a have been studied respective-ly.On the basis of all the research results of this paper,the measure used to save energy for vapor-compressionrefrigeration system has been put out.展开更多
This study is to introduce concepts of energy and entropy to describe a robot＇s emoton decisien. It chooses the dimensional approach based on factors of pleasure and arousal for the merit of the interpolation between...This study is to introduce concepts of energy and entropy to describe a robot＇s emoton decisien. It chooses the dimensional approach based on factors of pleasure and arousal for the merit of the interpolation between enotions. Especially, Circumplex model which has also two axes： pleasure and arousal is used. Besides, the model indicates how emotions are distributed in the two-dimensional plane. Then by the definition of psychodynamicsthe energy states （mental energy and physical energy） are matched to pleasure and arousal respectively that are the basis of Circumplex model. The mental energy is updated by the result of Prospect theory which measures the value of gain and loss as pleasure factor. And the physical energy is updated by the result of hedonic scaling which measures levels of arousal from pleasure computed by Prospect theory, and the result of intensity of stimuli. Then the energy states are fed by entropy. The feedback loop by entropy satisfies the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The energy states generated by stimuli and fed by entropy take a position in the plane of Circumplex model. Then distances between the current position and other emotions are cornputed to get a level of each emotion, proportional to the inverse of the distance.展开更多
Following an entropy approach, the electric current can be postulated as a flow of electromagnetic waves that has an electric potential. Such postulate is verified in this article by results of experimental measuremen...Following an entropy approach, the electric current can be postulated as a flow of electromagnetic waves that has an electric potential. Such postulate is verified in this article by results of experimental measurement then it is applied to review Tesla’s discovery of wireless power transmission. Tesla discovered the wireless transmission of electric power during his operation in an entirely new domain of physics based on abrupt discharging of electrostatic charges. He realized that electrons were not responsible for such discovered phenomena. So, he called the new energy as “Radiant Electricity”. He didn’t identify that the true nature of electric current was a flow of electromagnetic waves that can be normally radiated through air. So, he proposed the term “Aether gas” to describe the discovered transfer of the electric charges by radiation from his designed tower, though air, to specified receivers. Following an entropy approach, the nature of the discovered radiated energy can be identified as electromagnetic waves that have an electric potential. So, the followed approach succeeds in eliminating the confusing observations of Tesla’s measurements in his famous experiment and the confusions found in modern literature that deals with such energy as an “Ambiguous Radiant Energy”.展开更多
The present communication offers a method to determine an unknown discrete probability distribution with specified Tsallis entropy close to uniform distribution. The relative error of the distribution obtained has bee...The present communication offers a method to determine an unknown discrete probability distribution with specified Tsallis entropy close to uniform distribution. The relative error of the distribution obtained has been compared with the distribution obtained with the help of mathematica software. The applications of the proposed algorithm with respect to Tsallis source coding, Huffman coding and cross entropy optimization principles have been provided.展开更多
文摘Mushrooms have a remarkable scientific value due to their nutritional, medicinal properties and industrial applications in enzyme production, so that effort in the maintenance of native wild mushroom varieties is increasing. The present study focuses on the use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for biodiversity measure of wild mushroom species of the Northwest mountainous region of Greece. Data mining of similarity matrices from RAPD analysis was used to extract measurable entropy parameters for mushroom biodiversity monitoring based on Shannon’s information entropy. Shannon information index provides an easy assessment of the entropy of the genetic information of the germplasm per mushroom species while the total equitability index (E<sub>H</sub>) = 0.871 offers an overall estimation of the genetic variation evenness of all species in the population of the studied mushrooms. Application of RAPDs with parallel entropy analysis is an easily applicable and low-cost valuable technology in environmental monitoring, using genetic information of wild mushroom species as an indicator that can lead to future actions in biodiversity maintenance and germplasm protection. The provided methodology can serve as a pilot procedure enriched with other environmental factors to monitor and protect wild mushroom communities native to the Greek countryside or in any part of the world and provide comparable results about biodiversity from different regions using common entropy indices.
文摘This article explores the dead universe theory as a novel interpretation for the origin and evolution of the universe, suggesting that our cosmos may have originated from the remnants of a preceding universe. This perspective challenges the conventional Big Bang theory, particularly concerning dark matter, the expansion of the universe, and the interpretation of phenomena such as gravitational waves.
文摘根据频谱扩展-压缩(spectrum spread and compression,SSC)移频干扰信号和回波信号时频分布特性的差异,提出一种基于广义S变换和Tsallis交叉熵阈值分割的干扰抑制方法。分析了SSC移频干扰的干扰原理和干扰信号经过解线调后的信号形式,并利用时频聚焦性较好的广义S变换获取接收信号经过解线调后的时频图像,根据时频图像对应的灰度图像,以Tsallis交叉熵最小化作为目标函数,求出灰度图像的最佳分割阈值,并根据分割阈值构建时频滤波器,实现干扰抑制。仿真结果表明:该方法对于SSC移频干扰产生的假目标具有较好的抑制效果,干扰抑制比可达30 dB以上。
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT),Macao SAR(0017/2019/A1,0002/2020/AKP)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61803397)。
文摘The purpose of this paper is to assess the operational efficiency of a public bus transportation via a case study from a company in a large city of China by using data envelopment analysis(DEA)model and Shannon’s entropy.This company operates 37 main routes on the backbone roads.Thus,it plays a significant role in public transportation in the city.According to bus industry norms,an efficiency evaluation index system is constructed from the perspective of both company operations and passenger demands.For passenger satisfaction,passenger waiting time and passenger-crowding degree are considered,and they are undesirable indicators.To describe such indicators,a superefficient DEA model is constructed.With this model,by using actual data,efficiency is evaluated for each bus route.Results show that the DEA model with Shannon’s entropy being combined achieves more reasonable results.Also,sensitivity analysis is presented.Therefore,the results are meaningful for the company to improve its operations and management.
文摘The biological </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">principal</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;"> or its detailed mechanism for the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been investigated and analyzed from the topological entropy approach. The findings thus obtained have provided very useful clues and information for developing both powerful and safe vaccines against the pandemic COVID-19.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11035009,10979074,10775168 and 10975174)Major State Basic Research Development Program in China (No.2007CB815004)+1 种基金Foundation for Developing Science and Technology in Shanghai (No. 09JC1416800)Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy ofSciences under (No. KJCX2-EW-N01)
文摘Shear viscosity (η) is a basic transport coefficient of the medium.In this work,we calculate shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/S) of an equilibrated system in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions within the framework of the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model (BUU) model.After the equilibration of Au + Au system at central collision in a fixed volume is reached,temperature,pressure and energy density are extracted by the phase space information and then η/S is calculated using the Green-Kubo formulas.The results show that η/S drops with the incident energy and its value is not so drastically different from the RHIC results.
文摘By means of the Second Law of Thermodynamics,thispaper gives out the entropy analysis method for vapor-comperession refrigeration system.The thermal irrevers-ibility of the system charged with R12 and its hopeful al-ternative refrlgerant R134a have been studied respective-ly.On the basis of all the research results of this paper,the measure used to save energy for vapor-compressionrefrigeration system has been put out.
基金supported by the MKE(The Ministry of Knowledge Economy),Korea,under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center)support program supervised by the NIPA(National IT Industry Promotion Agency)(NIPA-2009-(C1090-0902-0007))
文摘This study is to introduce concepts of energy and entropy to describe a robot＇s emoton decisien. It chooses the dimensional approach based on factors of pleasure and arousal for the merit of the interpolation between enotions. Especially, Circumplex model which has also two axes： pleasure and arousal is used. Besides, the model indicates how emotions are distributed in the two-dimensional plane. Then by the definition of psychodynamicsthe energy states （mental energy and physical energy） are matched to pleasure and arousal respectively that are the basis of Circumplex model. The mental energy is updated by the result of Prospect theory which measures the value of gain and loss as pleasure factor. And the physical energy is updated by the result of hedonic scaling which measures levels of arousal from pleasure computed by Prospect theory, and the result of intensity of stimuli. Then the energy states are fed by entropy. The feedback loop by entropy satisfies the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The energy states generated by stimuli and fed by entropy take a position in the plane of Circumplex model. Then distances between the current position and other emotions are cornputed to get a level of each emotion, proportional to the inverse of the distance.
文摘Following an entropy approach, the electric current can be postulated as a flow of electromagnetic waves that has an electric potential. Such postulate is verified in this article by results of experimental measurement then it is applied to review Tesla’s discovery of wireless power transmission. Tesla discovered the wireless transmission of electric power during his operation in an entirely new domain of physics based on abrupt discharging of electrostatic charges. He realized that electrons were not responsible for such discovered phenomena. So, he called the new energy as “Radiant Electricity”. He didn’t identify that the true nature of electric current was a flow of electromagnetic waves that can be normally radiated through air. So, he proposed the term “Aether gas” to describe the discovered transfer of the electric charges by radiation from his designed tower, though air, to specified receivers. Following an entropy approach, the nature of the discovered radiated energy can be identified as electromagnetic waves that have an electric potential. So, the followed approach succeeds in eliminating the confusing observations of Tesla’s measurements in his famous experiment and the confusions found in modern literature that deals with such energy as an “Ambiguous Radiant Energy”.
文摘The present communication offers a method to determine an unknown discrete probability distribution with specified Tsallis entropy close to uniform distribution. The relative error of the distribution obtained has been compared with the distribution obtained with the help of mathematica software. The applications of the proposed algorithm with respect to Tsallis source coding, Huffman coding and cross entropy optimization principles have been provided.
