An Interview-Based Study of the Factors Influencing the Quality of Professional Training of Science Education Graduates

The proposal of the strategy of developing the country through science education has clarified China’s demand for the development of the science and education industry and the cultivation of science and education talents,and the birth of Science Education majors is an important link in the cultivation of scientific literacy.Based on the grounded theory,we interviewed three Science Education graduates from a university and coded the interview data by using NVivo 12.0 to find eight important factors affecting their professional training and employment choices.The factors are“social factors,”“individual career choice factors,”“campus resources,”“employment advantages,”“professional self-development,”“teacher factors,”“planning for further education and employment,”and“student motivation.”This study analyzes the interaction between the influencing factors,constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of the quality of Science Education professional training,explores the problems of the training process of Science Education majors and employment dilemmas,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

基于Web of Science数据库的护理硕士研究生教育领域研究趋势的可视化分析

目的:了解近10年护理硕士研究生教育领域在全球的研究热点、研究现状和发展趋势。方法:通过Web of Science检索2013年1月1日—2023年3月1日护理硕士研究生教育领域的英文文献,对收集到英文文献的年度发文量、国家发文量、作者发文量、机构发文量、关键词聚类共现的数据进行可视化处理,分析其研究热点。CiteSpace软件用于检测关键字突现。结果:护理硕士研究生教育领域全球年度发文量呈整体逐步上升趋势;关键词共现聚类分析结果显示,研究热点主题集中在多领域服务实践、心理支持策略、跨专业教育课程、研究生教育模式。结论:近10年护理硕士研究生教育处于迅速发展阶段,护理硕士研究生模拟训练策略、临床思维能力、社会适应能力、跨学科模式等可能是未来该领域研究的热点和方向。未来发展跨学科研究生教育模式,充分发挥护理硕士研究生优势,提高其社会适应能力水平。

Southwest University of Political Science and Law Human Rights Education and Research Center

I. Overview 1. History The Southwest University of Political Science and Law devel- oped from the Southwest People＇s Revolutionary University, which was founded in 1950. Based on the former university and the law departments of Sichuan University, Chongqing University, Guizhou University, Yunnan University and Chongqing Finance and Economics College, the Southwest College of Political Science and Law was established.

Northwest University of Political Science and Law Human Rights Research and Education Center

I. Human Rights Education and Training 1. Overview The Northwest University of Political Science and Law is a diversified university, highlighting law as well as covering philosophy, economics, literature, management, art and engineering. It is an important base for training legal professionals as well as a center for legal education, research and information in Northwest China. The university, which was established 77 years ago and has trained undergraduate students for 56 years and graduate students for 35 years, is financially supported by the Shaanxi provincial govemment.

How do Metafictive Fictional Science Picturebooks Introduce Natural Science Knowledge to Children?——Wolves and The Magic School Bus:Inside a Hurricane

This paper explores metafiction’s role in fictional science picturebooks and its resolution of the contradictions between fictional stories and scientific knowledge in existing research by analysing two children’s picturebooks,Wolves(Gravett,2015)and The Magic School Bus(Cole,1995).The paper first identifies both books as metafictive science picturebooks by analysing their content.Secondly,the author analyses the structure of the two picturebooks and exposes that they both have two narrative lines as the composite structure:science knowledge and fictional stories.Thirdly,the article discusses the metafictive elements in Wolves and The Magic School Bus from the content perspectives,which are relevant to“reality”,in order to evaluate how metafiction enhances fictional science picturebooks in supporting children’s learning of science,conveying knowledge to children,and avoiding children’s misunderstanding of fiction and scientific information.

构建海外“中医社会健康学”的探讨及SWOT分析

随着中医药在全球受到越来越多的关注,海外中医领域的发展不仅带来了机遇,也面临着多重挑战,如文化差异、法律制约、医疗保险政策以及专业资格认证等问题。特别是在教育和科研方面,仍存在重视临床而忽视科学研究的倾向。近年来,越来越多的海外中医教育机构开始培养出一批拥有博士学位的中医高学历人才,并开始重视科学研究工作。文章探讨了构建“中医社会健康学”作为海外中医从业者进行科学研究的新路径。这一新兴的跨学科领域融合了中医学、社会科学和健康科学的研究方法,旨在深入探讨中医在当代社会中的实践和价值,促进中医的国际化与现代化以及在全球健康领域中的应用。文章首先探讨了社会科学和健康科学对中医研究的贡献,并通过3个补充替代医学的成功案例,展示了社会科学研究方法在推动中医发展中的作用。进一步,文章借助广泛用于商科领域的战略规划工具即SWOT分析框架,全面分析了构建“中医社会健康学”这一学科的内部优势(Strengths)、内部弱势(Weaknesses)、外部机遇(Opportunities)和外部挑战(Threats),旨在对海外中医的发展提供战略性思考和研究方向。此外,“中医社会健康学”对中国内地的中医发展也会有借鉴意义,为中医在本土及国际舞台上的进一步发展提供了全新的视角和研究路径。

人工智能科学(AI4S)引发的范式变革——大语言模型视角下教育研究的问题、方法与过程

人工智能科学(AI for science,AI4S)为代表的新范式正在重塑科学研究。作为AI4S的关键技术,大语言模型在教育智能体建模与仿真、教育过程挖掘、教育数据增广等方面展现出了巨大潜力。研究立足科学哲学领域的“问题-方法-过程”框架,剖析了大语言模型引发的教育研究范式变革图景:在问题维度,大语言模型基于海量数据形成的“世界知识”拓宽了教育研究的问题视野;在方法维度,大语言模型依托其“泛思维链”能力,为情境建模、模拟仿真、因果推断等方法创新提供新的可能;在过程维度;大语言模型为“端到端”和“人在回路”理念在教育研究中的融合提供了理想的技术载体,开启了人机协同的新范式;结合教育研究范式演进的历史维度,当前AI4S引领的变革是社会需求牵引和技术进步双重驱动的必然,既延续了数字时代教育研究范式的演进逻辑,还在智能维度、生成式范式、跨界整合等方面实现了独特突破。需要指出的是,这场范式变革虽然前景广阔,但其复杂性也不容忽视。研究对教育知识生产“单一文化”、理解错觉加剧、模型黑箱效应等潜在风险作了深度探讨,提出了重塑教育研究的反思性、审慎评估大语言模型适用边界的策略实施,为应对AI4S时代的教育机遇与挑战提供了新思路。

Randomized Controlled Trials and Ph.D. Level Training in Educational Research

This invited paper reviews recent initiatives in teaching about randomized field trials at the graduate level in education research. Reports in a book on randomized trials by Mosteller and Boruch are used as a benchmark. The initiatives have been driven heavily by recent governmental emphasis on ＂evidence based policy＂ in education, criminology, welfare and other sectors. This policy has been backed, in the US at least, by substantial investments in mounting randomized controlled trials to evaluate curriculum packages and programs in grades K-12, crime prevention programs, welfare, and other work. Accelerated growth in randomized trials has entailed cross discipline pre-doctoral and post-doctoral institutes and graduate education programs aimed at enhancing the quality in trial design, execution, and analysis of results. Specific illustrations of graduate education in this area of statistics are taken mainly from experience at the University of Pennsylvania＇s Graduate School of Education and selected other institutions.

Women and the Transnational Dynamics of Science Education in Early Twentieth Century China:A Quiet Revolution

This article explores both the personal and transnational dimensions of domestic science education and study abroad for the pioneering generation of Chinese women in science.By focusing on women’s unique calculus of risk and reward,the article not only distinguishes Chinese women’s experiences from those of their male counterparts but also delineates the special contours of the Chinese case within the global advancement of women in science.The article begins by outlining some of the features and dynamics of early Chinese girls’schools that affected students’interest in and preparation for further scientific study.Then it traces the emerging college-level opportunities that made it possible for women who were studying science in China to contemplate advanced work overseas.Turning to study abroad,the article highlights the radicalness of the decision to study abroad by examining the impact of both family background and national circumstances on Chinese women’s strategies of mobility.The article argues that if we are to take women’s experiences seriously,we cannot just look at scientific pursuits in terms of achievements in the development of Chinese science,we also need to consider the ways that·scientific ambitions forced individuals—both male and female—to navigate and reimagine multiple social norms and expectations.

我国高校本科生科研的现状与成效研究——基于“国家大学生学情调查研究数据库(NCSS)”的数据分析

党的二十大报告要求高等教育深入推进科教融汇战略,培养创新人才。本科生科研是科教融汇育人的重要途径。基于“国家大学生学情调查研究数据库(NCSS)”的数据,从整体科研参与、参与教师课题、主持科研课题和参与同学课题四个方面分析我国高校本科生科研的基本情况与育人成效。研究发现:本科生科研参与整体情况较好,近2/5的本科生参与过不同形式的本科生科研;一流大学建设高校、理学类学科、大四学生科研参与情况最好,并且这些类别本科生也最多参与教师课题;本科生科研显著提高了高校的育人成效,并且对专业知识与技能提高最大;在不同类型的科研活动中,参与教师课题的育人效果最好。基于此,建议在实践层面扩大本科生科研参与范围和途径、在理论层面拓展本科生科研的过程和机制研究,以优化高等教育科教融合育人路径和效能。

基于ROTI和AATR的测地型GNSS接收机监测北半球高纬度区域电离层闪烁准确性分析

当前,第25个太阳周期已进入强活跃时期,能引发大量电离层不规则体,进而对使得穿行其中的GNSS信号产生电离层闪烁。这已成为影响GNSS全球稳定导航定位服务的重要干扰源。对全球电离层闪烁进行广泛且全面的监测是消除闪烁对GNSS干扰的重要前提,然而传统电离层闪烁监测接收机(ISMR)分布有限,无法满足闪烁全球监测需求;测地型接收机分布广泛,但从其低采样数据中提取的闪烁因子缺乏新太阳周期长时序监测数据验证,导致其闪烁监测可靠性存疑。为此,本文基于近3 a新太阳周期测地型接收机数据,以ISMR提供的闪烁因子为参考,从代表性空间天气事件闪烁响应、日闪烁发生率、闪烁持续时间概率分布、闪烁日发生规律及其随极昼、极夜、地磁指数的特征变化等方面,对比研究了两种测地型接收机电离层闪烁因子(即电离层总电子含量变化率指数ROTI和沿弧段电子含量变化率指数AATR)监测北极高纬度区域电离层闪烁的准确性,并给出了ROTI和AATR在高纬度区域判断闪烁发生的经验阈值。结果表明,ROTI和AATR均能较为准确探测到地磁扰动、太阳活动等因素驱动的区域电离层闪烁,并能有效表征电离层闪烁统计学上的日变化规律,但两种闪烁因子不能准确区分闪烁和电离层电子密度梯度变化,导致在电子密度梯度变化剧烈期间存在较高虚警。该研究成果可为准确选择区域电离层闪烁监测因子提供指导。

基于SWOT分析法的农业科研机构科普教育发展的策略研究

文章主要分析了农业科普教育模式和科研机构科普发展概况,阐述了农业科研机构开展科普教育的现实意义,通过SWOT分析法探讨农业科研机构科普教育的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,从建立科普平台、挖掘科技资源、创新组织模式、探索多元投入、健全人才队伍等方面提出了促进农业科研机构科普教育发展的策略,以促进农业科研机构践行科学普及社会责任,助力科普事业发展,为建设创新型国家发挥重要作用。

Research foresight in bridging open science and open innovation:Overview based on the complex thinking paradigm

Open innovation benefits from access to cutting-edge discoveries to increase their transformation into tangible applications for the benefit of society.Improving research quality has been proposed as a primary objective of open science by the United Nations,to increase science reproducibility,impact,and trust,leading to robust decision-making and policies.However,opening access to data and processes is insufficient for researchers to achieve open innovation in the context of globalization,for example,by gathering insights from external and internal sources.Developing the appropriate mindset to manage complexity and generate synergy among researchers in academia,industry,and the government is essential to catalyze knowledge and transform it into relevant innovations for society.To gain insights into the roles and challenges of researchers aiming to bridge the gap between open science and open innovation,a decade-plus Mapping Literature Review was conducted based on the complex thinking paradigm.Complex thinking allows for novel connections of the information collected through open science and open innovation,considering different forms of engaging with alternative means of knowledge creation that may promote innovative and critical thinking.The findings revealed:a)broad positioning of the terms in the European Union;b)open access and open data as current driving themes;c)a constant trade-off between the terms“open data”and“information protection”;d)lack of studies on researchers’complex thinking to help them manage openness;e)absence of the environmental helix in the initiatives;and(f)challenges in innovative communication and collaborative practices among public and private entities.Overall,we identified an opportunity to develop researchers’complex thinking such that the openness of information becomes a shared responsibility among partners across multiple helices.This shared responsibility can have methodological implications that permeate how open science and open innovation are theorized and,in practice,facilitate the development of fundamental collaborative research procedures.

A Glimpse of the Initial Conditions for the Development of Science and Technology and Soviet Specialists in the PRC:1949–1955

This article aims to analyze the so-called“starting point”when modern scientific and technological successes in China were in their infancy,and to provide the reader with insight on how various challenges were overcome in their development.The period under review is 1949–1955.The information about this period was obtained from Soviet archives and special literature.The first part of the article describes the state of affairs in the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in the early years of its formation,focusing on education,science,industry(including military),communications,and rail transport.The second part turns to the Soviet specialists working in the PRC during these years,focusing on their profession,number,cities of residence and living conditions.Issues regarding Chinese specialists’internship in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)are also touched upon.The article selects several lesserknown areas in which professional competencies were established in this very weak post-war country to discover the origins of the most important science and technology in the contemporary PRC,thereby contributing to readers’understanding of the initial conditions for the development of science and technology in China.

Just in Time Education: Educational Technology for Professional’s Health

Objective: Verify if the educational technology based on Just in Time Education is relevant to Permanent Health Education in Workers’ Health. Method: This study is exploratory and descriptive qualitative research. Were performed semi-structured interviews were carried out with the worker’s health team of a large company from the South of Brazil region. The collected data were carried out in 2021, between January and May, through the virtual environment, with eight participants from the Work Health Team of Eletrosul, located in Florianópolis, who agreed to participate in the research by signing the Free and Informed Consent Term, in accordance with the data saturation criterion. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee (n. 4079133) and the data were submitted to Bardin for thematic content analysis. Result: The results are presented from three categories: 1) Expansion and inclusion in Permanent Education needs;2) Tools adopted in educational processes;3) Just in Time Education: educational technology for workers’ health. Conclusion: The active methodology Just in Time Education helps the processes of Permanent Education in Health, which moved from a face-to-face model to e-learning and required the knowledge renewal in the technology area to maintain efficient communication. This methodology allows quick and accurate access to information from a reliable, adequate, and up-to-date source, causing a positive impact on the qualified and problem-solving work process, in line with the needs of the employer and the company. Therefore, Just in Time Education can provide standardization, organization, and informational and operational quality necessary in this context, in addition to serving as an indicator and data generator (management tool).

实用型研究的非实用性--托马斯·S·波普科维茨谈当代教育研究中的普遍主义与比较主义

在《实用型研究的非实用性:当代科学变革史》中,波普科维茨提出了一个问题,即所谓的“实用型研究”如何在全球范围内成为教育科学乃至整个社会科学领域的核心范式。所谓“实用的”知识似乎成为了各种社会弊病的万灵药,它超越了文化边界和认识论差异成为全球知识共同体的最新共识和共通情感。在这篇访谈中,我们将深入探讨作为一种普遍推崇的“实用型研究”和它的发生机制、文化历史动力以及“理性系统”,意图揭示旨在推动人类普遍福祉的当代教育科学如何被它自身的比较主义所限制,以及此悖论如何帮助我们理解碎片化知识和“后真相”时代中的知识/权力运行机制。

A new approach to assessing the science and technology competitiveness of China's provincial academies of sciences

Purpose： This study aims to establish a new framework for evaluating science and technology （S＆T） competitiveness that is appropriate to meet the needs of provincial academies of sciences （PASs） in China.Design/methodology/approaches： An evaluation index, including such assessing indicators as research strength, research impact, research development and trends, and regional contributions, is developed for China＇s PASs. Taking the Jiangxi Academy of Sciences （JXAS） as an example, we first explain how to apply this framework to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of PASs in China. Then, we compare the results of all 17 PASs in order to get a comprehensive understanding of their competitiveness.Findings： Our results show the development path, current status, innovation advantages, and weaknesses of JXAS very clearly. Based on our comparative analysis, we ranked the 17 PASs from the perspective of different dimensions, by which their competitiveness strengths and weaknesses can be highlighted for improvement.Research limitations： In this analysis, we did not take S＆T policies, S＆T systems, or historical factors into consideration. Thus, we may have ignored the influence of the soft individual differences of different PASs in China..Practical implications： The evaluation index developed in this paper provides a useful insight into an analytical method that can be used by PASs or other provincial research institutions （PRIs） to assess their competitiveness.Originality/value： Compared with existing evaluation frameworks, our method has two main characteristics： First, we added three new dimensions, including the PASs＇ applicable research outputs, regional contributions, and comparative advantages; second, we conducted a comparative analysis of local research institutes in their different advantaged industrial areas, which makes our analytical method more comprehensive for local research institutions.

2023中国教育治理研究热点与未来前瞻

2023年,中国教育治理研究成果丰富、重点和特点突出,回应了中国教育的时代问题,体现了教育治理研究的学术特色和优势。通过系统梳理和分析教育治理研究文献,文章发现:2023年的教育治理研究密切关注党的二十大报告作出的重大战略部署,主要内容是基础教育治理、高等教育治理、教师教育治理、全球教育治理;形成了中国式现代化进程中的教育治理、以教育数字化开启教育现代化、生成式人工智能赋能教育治理、“双减”政策落地两周年省思、乡村振兴视域下的乡村教育治理等学术热点;聚焦教育治理概念厘定、教育治理学科建设、教育法体系化与法典化等研究前沿,深化了教育治理热点研究。从未来发展趋势来看,今后将进一步推进教育治理理论研究与学科体系建设,注重教育治理政策与立法研究,加强教育治理比较研究,深化教育治理实践研究,以深入推进教育治理体系与治理能力现代化。

教育、科技、人才一体推进背景下高等教育对基础研究资助的新需求

基础研究是整个科学体系的源头,是所有技术问题的总机关,目前正在由快速增长转为高质量发展。在这个关键转折点上,国家自然科学基金作为我国基础研究主要的资助渠道,如何在教育、科技、人才的统一战略布局下优化资助,成为了首要关注的问题。在此背景下,本文依据党的二十大报告中“实施科教兴国战略,强化现代化建设人才支撑”的战略部署,深入阐述了新形势下基础研究资助面临的挑战,分析了国内外基础研究的发展动态和需求。通过调研,发现了我国在人才、学科教育、科研组织模式等方面的不足,总结了高等教育对于基础研究资助在学科建设、产学研一体化、人才培养等方面的新需求,并以南京大学为例进行了阐述说明,以期为国家自然科学基金的全面深化改革提供具体的建议和决策参考。

科教融汇赋能新质生产力:内在逻辑、现实困境和实践路径——基于高等职业教育的视角

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