甘肃积石山 M_(s)6.2级地震的震害特征与启示

2023年12月18日,甘肃省临夏回族自治州积石山保安族东乡族撒拉族自治县(35.70°N,102.79°E)发生了6.2级地震,震中烈度为VIII度。地震发生后,通过实地烈度评估与科学考察,对震区VI~VIII度区不同建(构)筑物与生命线工程的震害特点进行了统计分析;从抗震设计与施工管理、场地放大效应与地震次生灾害对建筑结构抗震性能的影响等角度,提出了此次地震的震害启示。结果表明:1)严重破坏和毁坏的建筑结构主要集中在老旧的土木结构、砖木结构和无设防或设防不规范的砖混结构。2)造成建筑结构破坏的主要原因是少量自建房抗震设计和施工的不规范、场地放大效应和地震次生灾害。3)优化和改良生土砌筑材料,改进纵横墙间的拉结措施,强化结构整体性是提高土木结构抗震的有效方法;普及“上下圈梁与构造柱”等基本抗震设防措施,规范水泥砂浆强度,提升农村工匠的施工水平,可有效提高砌体结构的整体性,避免房屋出现整体性垮塌;室内洗手间的墙体应该与房顶、纵横墙间建立有效联接,提高结构的抗震性能。4)孤突斜坡、河流高阶地与岸边为抗震不利地带。当建造用地极为匮乏,不得不选址在这些场地之上时,应该综合考虑场地的地形地貌特征、岩土体物理力学特性、水文地质条件、抗震设防目标、建筑结构类型等影响因素,做好地震灾害风险评估,根据评估结果进行科学设防。灾后重建过程中,应由政府统一规划选址、统一设计,规范施工。

Lactoferrin modification of berberine nanoliposomes enhances the neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Previous studies have shown that berberine has neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer’s disease,including antagonizing tau phosphorylation,and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and neural cell apoptosis.However,its low bioavailability and adverse reactions with conventional administration limit its clinical application.In this study,we prepared berberine nanoliposomes using liposomes characterized by low toxicity,high entrapment efficiency,and biodegradability,and modified them with lactoferrin.Lactoferrin-modified berberine nanoliposomes had uniform particle size and high entrapment efficiency.We used the lactoferrin-modified berberine nanoliposomes to treat a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease established by injection of amyloid-beta 1-42 into the lateral ventricle.Lactoferrin-modified berberine nanoliposomes inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity and apoptosis in the hippocampus,reduced tau over-phosphorylation in the cerebral cortex,and improved mouse behavior.These findings suggest that modification with lactoferrin can enhance the neuroprotective effects of berberine nanoliposomes in Alzheimer’s disease.

A novel binary effective medium model to describe the prepeak stressstrain relationship of combined bodies of rock-like material and rock

Combined bodies of rock-like material and rock are widely encountered in geotechnical engineering,such as tunnels and mines.The existing theoretical models describing the stress-strain relationship of a combined body lack a binary feature.Based on effective medium theory,this paper presents the governing equation of the“elastic modulus”for combined and single bodies under triaxial compressive tests.A binary effective medium model is then established.Based on the compressive experiment of concretegranite combined bodies,the feasibility of determining the stress threshold based on crack axial strain is discussed,and the model is verified.The model is further extended to coal-rock combined bodies of more diverse types,and the variation laws of the compressive mechanical parameters are then discussed.The results show that the fitting accuracy of the model with the experimental curves of the concretegranite combined bodies and various types of coal-rock combined bodies are over 95%.The crack axial strain method can replace the crack volumetric strain method,which clarifies the physical meanings of the model parameters.The variation laws of matrix parameters and crack parameters are discussed in depth and are expected to be more widely used in geotechnical engineering.

Analysis of Multipath and CW Interference Effects on GNSS Receivers with EMLP Discriminator

Multipath and continuous wave (CW) interference may cause severe performance degradation of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. This paper analyzes the code tracking performance of early-minus-late power (EMLP) discriminator of GNSS receivers in the presence of multipath and CW interference. An analytical expression of the code tracking error is suggested for EMLP discriminator, and it can be used to assess the effect of multipath and CW interference. The derived expression shows that the combined effects include three components: multipath component;CW interference component and the combined component of multipath and CW interference. The effect of these components depends on some factors which can be classified into two categories: the receiving environment and the receiver parameters. Numerical results show how these factors affect the tracking performances. It is shown that the proper receiver parameters can suppress the combined effects of multipath and CW interference.

GPS/QZSS在亚太地区实时相对定位性能分析

利用BNC(BKG NTRIP client)传输的实时观测数据,从可见卫星数、位置精度因子(position dilution of precision, PDOP)、多路径效应、信噪比和实时相对定位精度等方面对GPS和QZSS在亚太地区的定位性能进行评估和分析。结果表明,QZSS与GPS组合后,可见卫星数增加,卫星几何构型更好,可提高定位精度的可用性和可靠性;QZSS卫星多路径效应的变化规律与GPS卫星一致,且QZSS卫星各频点的多路径误差大多小于GPS卫星;GPS和QZSS卫星各频点的信噪比随高度角变化趋势基本相同;在N、E、U方向上,GPS/QZSS组合的实时相对定位精度比GPS有所提升。

Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9)/Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S S型异质结的构筑及其光解水产氢性能研究

采用超声辅助研磨煅烧法制备了Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9)/Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S S型异质结光催化剂,通过X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、固体紫外漫反射等测试技术表征了样品的物相、形貌、化学元素组成以及光吸收能力等物理化学性质。在可见光加近红外光照射下进行了光催化析氢性能测试,结果表明,Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9)/Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S复合材料的光解水产氢性能均优于纯相的Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S和Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9),其中Cu 3Mo 2O 9的质量分数为1%的Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9)/Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S显示出最佳的产氢速率(1.554 mmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)),是Mn 0.3 Cd_(0.7)S的5.5倍。且经过四次循环实验后仍保持较好的光催化活性。此外,根据电化学测试以及红外热成像结果提出了合理的机理,Cu 3Mo 2O 9的光热效应与S型异质结的协同作用是Cu_(3)Mo_(2)O_(9)/Mn_(0.3)Cd_(0.7)S光催化活性提高的关键。

削弱大型水闸BDS监测多路径效应的MHM方法

大型水闸变形监测复杂环境中存在的多路径效应限制了全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)精密定位的精度。对此,提出一种顾及北斗导航卫星系统(Beidou navigation satellite system,BDS)不同星座类型多路径效应的半天球图(multipath hemispherical map,MHM)方法。该方法建立以监测站为球心的半天球进行格网点划分,通过格网点内参数化实现多路径误差建模,适用于BDS多星座以及大型水闸复杂的监测环境。采用曹娥江大型水闸监测案例,对多路径改正前后的单差残差及变形监测坐标序列进行分析,XYZ方向精度较多路径误差改正前提升63.06%、54.17%、57.84%,表明采用该方法可以有效削弱多路径效应,提高变形监测精度。

Effect of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis on Efficacy of 131I Ablation Therapy in Intermediate- and High-Risk of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on efficacy of 131I ablation in intermediate- and high-risk of thyroid papillary carcinoma patients. The findings will help to develop a personalized treatment plan for patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma complicated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Material and Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020, patients who were diagnosed with intermediate- and high-risk PTC with lymph node metastasis were analyzed retrospectively, excluding patients with incomplete clinical data, distant metastasis, positive TGAb, TSH Results: A total of 525 patients (166 males and 359 females) were included in the study, including 368 patients in ER group (70.1%) and 157 patients in NER group (29.9%). Eleven factors including combining Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, pre-ablative Tg levels, sex, tumor diameter, extraglandular invasion, multifocal, bilateral lesions, central lymph node metastasis, lateral lymph node metastasis, lymph node metastasis rate, thyroglobulin were statistically different between ER group and NER group with significance at P Conclusion: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Ps-Tg level and lateral lymph node metastasis are potential predictors for short-term efficacy of 131I treatment in intermediate- and high-risk thyroid papillary carcinoma. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, high Ps-Tg level and increased number of lateral lymph node metastasis reduce the efficacy of 131I therapy in patients with intermediate and high risk thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Analysis and Solution of Multipath Effect on Wireless Communications of Launch Vehicle

The electrical system in a launch vehicle contains multiple wireless communications systems. A large number of prelaunch tests are needed to verify the correctness and reliability of electric systems at the launch site. The complex electromagnetic environment at a launch site will inevitably cause multipath effect which interfere with prelaunch tests. Theory analysis and simulation of multipath effect, combined with engineering practice, can effective identify and quickly correct abnormal situations, and identify methods and measures to eliminate the influence of multipath interference.

Analysis of Serum Antibody Level after COVID-19 Vaccine and Side Effects after Vaccine

Background: COVID-19 has caused a large number of deaths, in the elderly. In this situation, vaccines have been considered the main strategy to combat COVID-19 and were developed worldwide in 2020. One problem with COVID-19 vaccination is side effects after vaccination. In this report, we identify the relationship between side effects and elevation of antibodies as determined by monitoring several kinds of antibodies against COVID-19. Objective: We investigated whether the antibody level changed depending on side effects after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: Healthy volunteers, who received two vaccinations between 10 March and 7 May 2021, were collected for this study. Information including age, gender, smoking history, medical history including allergies and side reactions after vaccination was obtained by questionnaire. Serum levels of antibodies of IgG and IgM against each S1, SP, and NP antigens of COVID-19 were evaluated frequently for 3 - 4 months after the first vaccination. Result: Ten employees working at Iwate Medical University were evaluated in this study. Side effects were observed in 7 of 10 patients, and grade 2 side effects in all 3 patients with a history of allergic disease. Serum S1 and SP IgG were elevated sufficiently in all patients. In all patients, IgG antibody titers fell below the cutoff point in approximately 3 months. No cases had elevated NP antibodies. SP IgM was elevated in three cases;all three cases with elevated IgM had allergic disease and the degree of side effects was relatively higher. Subjects with long-lasting elevated SPIgM were observed. Conclusion: S1 IgG and SP IgG exceeded the cutoff in all subjects after vaccination but decreased below the cutoff in all subjects within 4 months, regardless of side effects or allergic history. On the other hand, elevated SPIgM was suspected to be related to side effects and history of allergies, and cases with persistent elevation of SPIgM were observed.

基于线性密集台阵的2023年甘肃积石山M_(S)6.2地震断层低速带研究

2023年12月18日,甘肃省积石山县发生M_(S)6.2逆冲型地震。该地震发生在祁连活动地块拉脊山北缘断裂带,在断裂两侧曾发生过20余次5级左右中强地震,地震活动频次高,因此研究拉脊山断裂带特征具有重要意义。根据拉脊山断裂走向和此次地震余震分布,在刘集乡布设一条线性密集台阵,利用不同方位的余震事件计算体波的走时延时和放大效应。结果表明,P波和S波分别存在6个采样点(约0.012 s)和15个采样点(约0.03 s)的走时延时,推断出台阵西侧存在一个约150 m宽近似垂直的断层低速带,且该结果与远震P波相似性系数矩阵结果一致。

VDE-SAT下行链路信道建模方法

海面的散射特性导致VDES海上通信信道模型复杂多变,在VDE-SAT下行链路中,低仰角通信导致海浪反射带来的多径效应更加严重。针对此问题,提出一种基于球坐标系的VDE-SAT下行链路信道建模方法,根据不同海情级分析海浪反射对于信号接收特性的影响。首先,将海面散射特性的统计结果参数化,结合地球曲率的影响,建立基于球坐标系的星船通信几何模型,基于此,得到海面有效漫反射区。其次,建立星船通信链路的信号多径传播模型,基于G1139协议,根据各个路径的信道参数分析接收信号的功率分布,以及不同海情级下信号的接收特性。仿真结果表明:在海况较好时,该多径信道以镜面反射为主;海况较差时,以漫反射为主。相比于卷积码,Turbo码的抗多径性能更优。

Gas hydrate saturation from NGHP 02 LWD data in the Mahanadi Basin

During the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program(NGHP)Expedition 02,Logging-while-drilling(LWD)logs were acquired at three sites(NGHP-02-11,NGHP-02-12,and NGHP-02-13)across the Mahanadi Basin in area A.We applied rock physics theory to available sonic velocity logs to know the distribution of gas hydrate at site NGHP-02-11 and NGHP-02-13.Rock physics modeling using sonic velocity at well location shows that gas hydrate is distributed mainly within the depth intervals of 150-265 m and 100 -215 mbsf at site NGHP-02-11 and NGHP-02-13,respectively,with an average saturation of about 4%of the pore space and the maximum concentration of about 40%of the pore space at 250 m depth at site NGHP-02-11,and at site NGHP-02-13 an average saturation of about 2%of the pore space and the maximum concentration of about 20%of the pore space at 246 m depth,as gas hydrate is distributed mainly within 100-246 mbsf at this site.Saturation of gas hydrate estimated from the electrical resistivity method using density derived porosity and electrical resistivity logs from Archie's empirical formula shows high saturation compared to that from the sonic log.However,estimates of hydrate saturation based on sonic P-wave velocity may differ significantly from that based on resistivity,because gas and hydrate have higher resistivity than conductive pore fluid and sonic P-wave velocity shows strong effect on gas hydrate as a small amount of gas reduces the velocity significantly while increasing velocity due to the presence of hydrate.At site NGHP-02-11,gas hydrate saturation is in the range of 15%e30%,in two zones between 150-180 and 245-265 mbsf.Site NGHP-02-012 shows a gas hydrate saturation of 20%e30%in the zone between 100 and 207 mbsf.Site NGHP-02-13 shows a gas hydrate saturation up to 30%in the zone between 215 and 246 mbsf.Combined observations from rock physics modeling and Archie’s approximation show the gas hydrate concentrations are relatively low(<4%of the pore space)at the sites of the Mahanadi Basin in the turbidite channel system.

基于TEQC的HBCORS GNSS数据质量评估方法与影响因素分析

研究了基于TEQC软件的数据质量评估方法,并分析了其影响因素。基于实验区域91个基准站31 d连续观测数据,采用该方法探究了数据有效率、多路径效应等对GNSS数据质量的影响;分析了设备性能和周围观测环境等质量影响因素。结果表明,部分基准站观测数据质量呈下降趋势,可为GNSS基准站选址、观测环境的评估、维护和相关标准制定提供重要依据。

The Impact and Intervention of Handheld Tai Chi Water-Resistance Fitness Ball on Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Through the use of a survey and statistical methods, this study explores the effects and interventions of handheld Tai Chi water resistance fitness balls on the elderly with Parkinson’s disease. Firstly, a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease was developed, and its reliability and validity were tested. Then, a survey was conducted to investigate the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, including general information, scoring status, and single and multiple factor analyses of influencing factors [1]. The results of the study show that through qualitative research, the dimensions and item pools of the questionnaire were initially constructed, and the reliability analysis of the questionnaire was conducted through Delphi expert consultation, with favorable results in terms of its reliability and validity [2]. Regarding the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, the study found that the level of exercise compliance needs improvement, and there are significant differences in exercise compliance levels among patients under different circumstances. Finally, the research results were discussed and conclusions were drawn. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease and the preliminary qualitative research and Delphi expert consultation conducted on it, providing new ideas and methods for the study of exercise compliance. However, the study also has limitations as it did not examine the effects of other interventions on Parkinson’s disease, so further research should be conducted [3].

Characteristics of Multipath Effects in GPS Dynamic Deformation Monitoring

The multipath has long been considered a major error source in GPS applications. The characteristics of the GPS signal multipath effects are analyzed, based on which an experiment that considers the characteristics of dynamic deformation monitoring has been carried out. The solution results of observation data in two successive days are processed by a method, which combines the wavelet filtering and the differential correction between two successive days. The research demonstrates that the multipath errors have stronger repeatability on successive days; after significantly mitigating the influence of multipath effects, the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning for GPS dynamic deformation monitoring can attain the mm level, an obvious accuracy improving particularly in vertical component. The characteristics of GPS signal multipath, the experimental scheme and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of results are detailed.

基于外部气相沉积的S+C+L波段低色散斜率大有效面积非零色散位移光纤的设计与制备

针对现有光纤无法满足宽带光密集波分复用系统传输和S+C+L波段粗波分复用的要求,设计了一种具有中心凹陷的三角形芯+环形的折射率剖面,利用外部气相沉积工艺制备了一种非零色散位移光纤,并通过调整第一芯层的相对折射率和第二芯层与第一芯层的半径比,探究了其对光纤衰减、色散斜率和有效面积等参数的影响。研究发现,当第一芯层的相对折射率逐渐增大且第二芯层与第一芯层半径比逐渐减小时,零色散波长和有效面积逐渐减小。当第一芯层的相对折射率在0.52%~0.53%,芯层半径比在2.6~2.7时,光纤的有效面积接近70μm^(2),零色散波长在1420 nm附近,在1550 nm波段的色散系数大于8 ps·nm^(-1)·km^(-1),色散斜率为0.059 ps·nm^(-2)·km^(-1),可以较好地抑制传输过程中光非线性效应,满足长途干线网与城域网的使用要求。

USING Hybrid Adaptive Techniques to Reduce Multipath Effects in S-PCN Mobile Terminals

Multipath signal processing is a promising technique for increasing the capacity of downlink frequency of satellite communication networks (S-PCN). The paper presents an approach to processing and reducing multipath signals received from S-PCN typified of mobile terminal users in clustered or mountainous environment. Use of hybrid linear adaptive antenna array technique and adaptive filtering technique provides improved performance by eliminating uncorrelated signal residing in antenna sidelobes.

热效应作用下S波入射弹性地基自由场地地震响应研究

基于热弹性介质中波的传播理论,建立了平面S波入射下弹性地基自由场地模型,采用亥姆霍兹矢量分解原理,对热效应作用下弹性地基自由场地中的波场进行分析,获得了热效应作用下平面S波入射弹性地基自由场地地震地面运动的解析解答。通过数值计算,分析了热传导系数、介质温度、热膨胀系数等热物性参数对弹性地基自由场地地震地面运动所产生的影响规律。研究结果表明:考虑热效应和不考虑热效应的两种理论模型下所得到的水平和竖向位移放大系数有着明显差异;地表水平和竖向位移放大系数以及相应的加速度随着热膨胀系数和介质温度的增大而增大;热传导系数和热通量相位延迟对地表位移放大系数和加速度的影响较小;随着入射波频率的增大,地表位移放大系数和加速度均逐渐增大。

基于逐历元相位差分和TEQC的海洋GPS数据质量分析

全球定位系统(GPS)浮标作为海洋观测的重要手段,在海洋监测方面发挥重要作用。本文将以江苏连云港以东海域布放的实验浮标采集的GPS数据为例,使用数据预处理软件(TEQC)从信噪比、多路径和精度因子等角度对GPS浮标数据质量进行分析,引入逐历元相位差分的方法对GPS浮标数据的稳定性和数据质量进行分析。结果显示:GPS L1和L2观测量的信噪比在35~45 dBHz的比例分别占到85.3%和92.1%,与陆地固定站相比,噪声表现相当甚至略优于陆地固定站。L1和L2观测量的多路径效应大部分集中在-0.46~0.46 m和-0.35~0.35 m,与陆地固定站相比,GPS浮标数据的多路径效应略高,GPS浮标观测数据的精度因子比陆地固定站大。从逐历元相位差分的结果来看,GPS浮标的数据稳定性和质量较陆地固定站差,海洋的恶劣环境对GPS观测数据产生了较大影响。