With the 2008 Ms6.1 Panzhihua earthquake as a case study, we demonstrate that the focal depth of the main shock can be well constrained with two approaches： （1） using the depth phase sPL and （2） using full wavefo...With the 2008 Ms6.1 Panzhihua earthquake as a case study, we demonstrate that the focal depth of the main shock can be well constrained with two approaches： （1） using the depth phase sPL and （2） using full waveform inversion of local and teleseismic data. We also show that focal depths can be well constrained using the depth phase sPL with single broadband seismic station. Our study indicates that the main shock is located at a depth of ii kin, much shallower than those from other studies, confirming that the earthquake occurs in upper crust. Aftershocks are located in the depth range of 11 16 kin, which is consistent with a ruptured near vertical fault whose width is about 10 km, as expected for an Ms6.1 earthquake.展开更多
实际地震波形观测表明,对于大陆结构相对简单的地壳中的地震而言,有一震相出现在P波和S波之间.一般在30～50km附近发育得较好,其能量主要集中在径向分量,而垂向分量的振幅相对径向要小,切向分量上的振幅很弱,且波形以低频为主,通常没有...实际地震波形观测表明,对于大陆结构相对简单的地壳中的地震而言,有一震相出现在P波和S波之间.一般在30～50km附近发育得较好,其能量主要集中在径向分量,而垂向分量的振幅相对径向要小,切向分量上的振幅很弱,且波形以低频为主,通常没有P波尖锐.在利用FK方法计算合成地震图的基础上,发现该震相是由S波入射到自由地表形成水平传播的P波(文献称为surface P wave,自由地表P波)或者包括S波入射到地表后形成的多次P波或其散射震相.由于该震相是由S波和P波之间耦合而形成,本文将其定义为sPL(s coupled into P)震相.理论波形研究表明,sPL相对直达P波的到时差对震中距离不敏感,而随着震源深度的增加几乎呈线性增加,因此可以很好的约束震源深度.本文以2005年江西九江地震为例,证实了sPL确定震源深度的可行性和可靠性.在观测到sPL震相的情况下,离震源50km以内的一个三分量地震台站的波形就可以帮助获得可靠的震源深度,而不需要精确的震中距离.由于sPL震相出现距离较近,对于较小(三级以上)的地震也可以应用,因此在稀疏台网布局情形下sPL对于确定中小地震深度应该具有很好的应用意义.展开更多
基金financial supported by Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (No.200808078)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.40821160549 and 41074032)
文摘With the 2008 Ms6.1 Panzhihua earthquake as a case study, we demonstrate that the focal depth of the main shock can be well constrained with two approaches： （1） using the depth phase sPL and （2） using full waveform inversion of local and teleseismic data. We also show that focal depths can be well constrained using the depth phase sPL with single broadband seismic station. Our study indicates that the main shock is located at a depth of ii kin, much shallower than those from other studies, confirming that the earthquake occurs in upper crust. Aftershocks are located in the depth range of 11 16 kin, which is consistent with a ruptured near vertical fault whose width is about 10 km, as expected for an Ms6.1 earthquake.
文摘实际地震波形观测表明,对于大陆结构相对简单的地壳中的地震而言,有一震相出现在P波和S波之间.一般在30～50km附近发育得较好,其能量主要集中在径向分量,而垂向分量的振幅相对径向要小,切向分量上的振幅很弱,且波形以低频为主,通常没有P波尖锐.在利用FK方法计算合成地震图的基础上,发现该震相是由S波入射到自由地表形成水平传播的P波(文献称为surface P wave,自由地表P波)或者包括S波入射到地表后形成的多次P波或其散射震相.由于该震相是由S波和P波之间耦合而形成,本文将其定义为sPL(s coupled into P)震相.理论波形研究表明,sPL相对直达P波的到时差对震中距离不敏感,而随着震源深度的增加几乎呈线性增加,因此可以很好的约束震源深度.本文以2005年江西九江地震为例,证实了sPL确定震源深度的可行性和可靠性.在观测到sPL震相的情况下,离震源50km以内的一个三分量地震台站的波形就可以帮助获得可靠的震源深度,而不需要精确的震中距离.由于sPL震相出现距离较近,对于较小(三级以上)的地震也可以应用,因此在稀疏台网布局情形下sPL对于确定中小地震深度应该具有很好的应用意义.
