Health Risk Assessment on Rural Drinking Water Safety —A Case Study in Rain City District of Ya’an City of Sichuan Province

Taking Rain City District of Ya’an for example, this paper based on ComGIS (Component Object Model Geographic Information System) platform takes comprehensive and systematic detection on the exposure dose of chemical carcinogens and non-carcinogens from drinking water sources in this region and discusses health risk assessment of single factor and the whole health risk assessment. As, Hg, Cr, Pb, Cd and fluorides in some drinking water sources of Rain City District are analyzed according to Standards For Drinking Wa-ter Quality (GB5749-2006). A health risk assessment model called USEPA is also applied to drinking water health risk assessment and management countermeasure is proposed. The results show that the greatest health risk for individual person per year is caused by Cr(VI). The health risk of carcinogens is much higher than that of non-carcinogens: the greatest risk value due to non-carcinogen pollutants is caused by fluoride (F), achieving 1.05×10-8/a. The ranking of risk values due to non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water is Pb>fluoride (F)>Hg, within Pb accounting for 44.77%, fluo-ride (F) accounting for 34.30% and Hg accounting for 20.92%. The average individual carcinogenesis annual risk of Cr(VI) is the greatest, achieving 8.91×10-4/a. The ranking of risk value due to chemical carcinogen by rural drinking water of Ya’an is Cr6+>As>Cd, within Cr6+ accounting for 91.12%, As accounting for 5.89% and Cd accounting for 3.00%. Based on this, the strategy and measures of the health risk management are put forward. This study has worked efficiently in practice. Compared with the same kind of methods which have been found, the paper has the outstanding results for the health risk assessment of the rural drinking water safety.

ComGIS-Based Early Warning System of Rural Drinking Water Safety in Ya’an City of Sichuan, China

According to characteristic index of spatial-temporal variability of rural drinking water safety in Ya’an City of Sichuan, China, such as water quantity, water quality, convenience degree and guaranteed rate, etc., this study elaborated the basic framework, model’s methodology structure in early warning system of rural drinking water safety on the basis of ComGIS and initially designed information collection, search and re-trieval, evaluation and analysis of factors, dynamic prediction and dynamic early-warning and functions of guidance and management in this system. The design of this system provided scientific basis to grasp the state of rural drinking water safety timely, release early warning information and properly take necessary control measures, etc. The evaluation results showed that the overall trend was getting better. It proved that the rising pressure value and response value were main reasons which caused the rising evaluation value of rural drinking water safety.

Design of Water Disinfection Scheme for Rural Drinking Water Safety Project

As further promotion of the rural drinking water safety project in whole country, small villages in vast countryside have been or will be equipped with safety drinking water project. We analyzed necessity of the rural drinking water disinfection, discussed disinfection method suitable for rural drinking water characteristics, and put forward disinfection schemes for different water supply sources.

Research on the Risk Associated with Rural Drinking Water Safety Based on Catastrophe Theory

In this study, based on the analysis of the catastrophic risk of rural drinking water, with the representative villages in Ya’an as study objects and setting the four evaluation standards: water quality, water quantity, the Guarantee Probability for water Supply and the Convenience Level of the Access to Water Supply as the ba- sic framework, a Rural Drinking Water Safety Assessment was developed (RDWSA). Research showed that Catastrophe Theory was applicable in the RDWSA. Adding RDWSA based on Catastrophe Theory to the supportive system for decision-making in Ecological Hydrographic Management Decision Support System of Ya’an helped obtain the rank and results of RDWSE by the automatic calculation of programs, which could assist the risk assessment and risk management associated with rural drinking water in Ya’an.

Comprehensive Control of Ecological Environment in Water Sources

To scientifically and effectively conduct comprehensive control of water sources to achieve water safety,the importance,main steps and plan of comprehensive control of ecological environment in water sources were analyzed on the basis of analyzing the development and protection process of foreign water sources.The results show that for the comprehensive control of water sources,it is needed to pay attention to the accurate grasp of the current environmental quality of water sources and carefully analyze the problems in the ecological environment of water sources.Besides,it is necessary to ensure the water quality and quantity of sources,focus on the implementation of environmental remediation and ecological restoration,implement regional protection of water sources,and combine engineering and non-engineering measures to take comprehensive control of environmental problems.

农村饮水安全监管问题研究——以甘肃省莲峰镇为例

饮用水与人们的生产生活密切相关,是人类生存和发展不可或缺的资源,对国家和社会稳定发展极其重要。对我国农村饮水安全的监管问题进行分析有利于保护农村水资源,促进社会经济可持续发展,推进乡村振兴战略的全面实施。本文通过分析甘肃省莲峰镇饮水安全的监管现状,探讨该镇在饮水安全监管方面存在的不足,并基于当前该镇饮水安全监管制度,提出具体的对策和建议。

浅析智慧水务系统在农村饮水安全工程管理中的应用

文章科学论述了智慧水务系统在农村饮水安全工程管理中的实际应用价值,强调了智慧水务系统依托现代信息技术提高农村饮水安全工程管理的自动化、数字化、智能化水平,保证了农村饮水水质达标、水量充足、管理精细化与低成本化。同时,从架构设计、网络结构设计、功能模块设计等层面阐述了农村饮水安全工程管理中智慧水务系统的应用体系与应用场景,有效解决农村饮水安全监管任务重、监控水平低下、综合水质差等诸多问题,切实提升农村饮水安全管理水平、服务质量与综合保障能力。

农村饮水安全巩固提升研究

农村饮水安全一直是一个备受关注的问题,由于农村地区的经济基础相对薄弱,基础设施建设相对滞后,饮用水质量和供应都面临严峻挑战。通过调查分析农村饮用水安全问题,总结当前存在的问题和原因,包括水质污染、供水设施不足和居民卫生意识差等方面。在此基础上,提出相应的解决措施,包括加强水质监测和治理、加快饮用水供应设施建设、提高居民的饮用水卫生意识等。

农村饮用水安全信息化建设方案研究

文章旨在探讨农村饮用水安全的信息化建设方案,以期提高农村饮用水安全管理的效率和有效性。文章首先诊断当前农村饮用水安全面临的主要问题,包括水资源污染、设施老化、水质监测水平不足等,并提出信息化建设是解决这些问题的关键手段。接着,本文系统性地分析信息化建设的核心要素,即分析农村饮用水安全运行管理需求、辨别关键技术、制定各个系统的集成与开发方案以及信息安全的保障措施,为农村饮用水安全管理的现代化道路提供了科学依据。

农村饮水安全工程运行管理存在的问题及策略探究

农村饮水安全是“一安全、三保障、两不愁”指标之一,却存在重建设、轻管理问题,难以发挥工程预期效果。基于此,本文简要阐述了农村饮水安全工程运行管理的意义,以广西玉林市容县农村饮水安全工程为例,对现存的多方参管协同不佳、管理队伍建设不力、工程商业化不彻底问题进行分析,并提出提高农村饮水安全工程运行管理水平的策略,以期为相关工作者提供参考。

民勤县农村饮水安全治理问题探究

甘肃省民勤县素有“中国沙乡”之称,是典型的资源性缺水地区,农村饮水安全问题日益凸显。本文深入分析民勤县农村饮水安全治理中存在的水质恶化严重、水资源短缺、基础设施老化和维护不到位、资金投入不足等突出问题,并提出加强水污染综合治理、守护农村饮用水源,树立节水优先理念、缓解水资源供需矛盾,加快供水设施提档升级、健全工程运行管护机制,创新投融资方式、加强农村饮水安全投入保障等优化对策,以期提升民勤县农村饮水安全治理水平。

农村饮水安全工程的管理现状及改善措施分析

农村饮水安全工程是保障农民生活质量的重要组成部分,直接关系到农村居民的身体健康和生活质量。随着国家对农村发展的重视,新农村建设得到加强,而且随着社会经济水平的提高,人们的生活质量水平也得到提高,人们的健康意识不断增强。从实际来看,虽然国家加强了饮水工程的建设力度,但是农村饮水安全工程的管理仍然存在问题,农村饮水安全工程的建设和管理成为当前亟待解决的问题。本文以临县农村饮水安全工程为研究对象,对农村饮水安全工程的管理现状进行分析,找出存在的问题,并提出相应的改善措施,旨在完善农村饮水安全工程建设管理工作,提高管理水平,以供交流参考。

对泾川县2022年度农村供水保障工程建设的研究

农村饮水安全是一项重大民生实事,事关人民群众的身体健康和生活福祉。文章结合泾川县农村供水现状数据精准核查工作和现场调研成果,对平凉市泾川县农村供水现状及存在的问题进行分析总结,研究并分析现阶段亟待解决的突出问题,提出了泾川县2022年度农村供水保障工程建设的必要性,并进一步提出农村供水工程建设的建设措施。

莒南县巩固提升农村饮水安全的做法及成效

近年来,莒南县以巩固提升农村饮水安全为主线,聚焦发力、周密部署、狠抓落实,抓紧抓实这项民心工程,使农村饮水安全有效衔接脱贫攻坚成果和推进乡村振兴提供了有力支撑,取得较好成效。针对以后农村饮水安全工作提出了建议对策。

农村饮用水水源地保护措施研究

水是人类赖以生存和发展的资源,饮用水安全是人民群众身体健康、生活安定的重要基础。然而在部分农村,由于特殊的环境和资源条件的影响,饮用水安全问题长期存在,尤其是随着城市化进程的加快和农业生产的发展,农村饮用水安全问题愈发突出,加强农村饮用水安全管理刻不容缓。基于此,本文指出农村饮用水管理存在的问题,提出农村饮用水水源地保护的措施,以供参考。

鄄城县农村供水管理体制改革做法及成效

为建立科学长效的运营管理体系,推进农村供水工程专业化、规范化管理,持续提升农村饮水安全水平,鄄城县按照“规模化发展、标准化建设、市场化运作、企业化经营、专业化管理”的思路,建立健全农村饮水安全工程长效管理机制,推动“县级统管”从“有名”到“有实”。

基于Profibus—DP和GPRS的农村饮水安全工程控制系统设计

针对农村饮水安全工程设备多且设备相距较远、传输数据多的特点，选用西门子S7—1200PLC和ProfibueDP现场总线技术来构建主从结构的自动控制系统；通过西门子MD720—3和SINAUTMICROSC组建GPRS网络实现净水站、加压泵站与管理单位间的数据交换。该设计在甘肃灵台县的实际应用不仅满足了饮水工程对生产自动化的要求，而且提高了数据传输的实时性和可靠性，同时也极大地提高了管理单位的管理水平。

农村饮水安全工程的健康绩效评估——基于多期双重差分方法的检验

农村饮水安全工程作为脱贫攻坚“两不愁三保障”的重要工程,是解决农村居民饮水难的关键民生政策。基于2011、2013、2015、2018年中国150个县的450个村和社区的面板数据,利用多期双重差分方法评估了农村饮水安全工程对居民健康状况的影响,并结合匹配和双重差分方法进行了进一步的稳健性检验。实证分析的结论表明:(1)中国农村饮水安全工程能够显著地改善农村居民的总体健康水平和身体机能,缓解居民的精神抑郁和躯体疼痛;(2)进一步的异质性分析发现农村饮水安全工程对女性居民的健康改善作用高于男性,尤其能够显著地缓解女性的躯体疼痛;(3)农村饮水安全工程对家庭经济条件好的居民具有显著的改善作用,对家庭经济条件差的居民则没有显著的改善作用。该研究能够为农村饮水安全工程的进一步完善提供政策参考。

三峡库区农村饮水安全云评价模型研究

【目的】为推进三峡库区农村饮水安全巩固提升,提出三峡库区农村饮水安全云评价模型,以评估三峡库区农村饮水安全水平。【方法】针对三峡库区农村饮水的现状与特点,构建了三峡库区农村饮水安全评价指标体系。采用云模型算法生成农村饮水安全评价标准云,并结合不确定层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重,建立了农村饮水安全云评价模型。最后,以三峡库区移民安置村兰草村饮水工程为例进行农村饮水安全评价。【结果】结果显示:兰草村饮水安全等级为Ⅲ级,处于基本安全状态。评价结果与实际情况相符,验证了方法的正确性和可靠性。后续巩固提升工作需在水量、水质和供水保证率方面重点展开。【结论】结果表明:三峡库区农村饮水安全云评价模型能有效评定研究区域整体和各单项指标饮水安全等级,研究成果为三峡库区农村饮水安全巩固提升工作提供了参考依据,完善了农村饮水安全评价体系。

农村饮用水安全工程运行管理研究——以浙江省绍兴市上虞区为例

针对我国农村饮用水工程“重建轻管”、长效管理机制缺失的问题,调研分析了浙江省绍兴市上虞区农村饮用水工程“区级统管”管理模式,从工程建设、水源水质保障、水价定价及水费收取、“数字化”平台建设和监督管理等方面总结工程运行管理经验,为其他城市及地区的村镇饮用水工程建设计划和运行实施管理提供案例经验,为研究我国农村饮用水安全工程长效运行管理机制提供参考。