Health Risk Assessment on Rural Drinking Water Safety —A Case Study in Rain City District of Ya’an City of Sichuan Province

Taking Rain City District of Ya’an for example, this paper based on ComGIS (Component Object Model Geographic Information System) platform takes comprehensive and systematic detection on the exposure dose of chemical carcinogens and non-carcinogens from drinking water sources in this region and discusses health risk assessment of single factor and the whole health risk assessment. As, Hg, Cr, Pb, Cd and fluorides in some drinking water sources of Rain City District are analyzed according to Standards For Drinking Wa-ter Quality (GB5749-2006). A health risk assessment model called USEPA is also applied to drinking water health risk assessment and management countermeasure is proposed. The results show that the greatest health risk for individual person per year is caused by Cr(VI). The health risk of carcinogens is much higher than that of non-carcinogens: the greatest risk value due to non-carcinogen pollutants is caused by fluoride (F), achieving 1.05×10-8/a. The ranking of risk values due to non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water is Pb>fluoride (F)>Hg, within Pb accounting for 44.77%, fluo-ride (F) accounting for 34.30% and Hg accounting for 20.92%. The average individual carcinogenesis annual risk of Cr(VI) is the greatest, achieving 8.91×10-4/a. The ranking of risk value due to chemical carcinogen by rural drinking water of Ya’an is Cr6+>As>Cd, within Cr6+ accounting for 91.12%, As accounting for 5.89% and Cd accounting for 3.00%. Based on this, the strategy and measures of the health risk management are put forward. This study has worked efficiently in practice. Compared with the same kind of methods which have been found, the paper has the outstanding results for the health risk assessment of the rural drinking water safety.

ComGIS-Based Early Warning System of Rural Drinking Water Safety in Ya’an City of Sichuan, China

According to characteristic index of spatial-temporal variability of rural drinking water safety in Ya’an City of Sichuan, China, such as water quantity, water quality, convenience degree and guaranteed rate, etc., this study elaborated the basic framework, model’s methodology structure in early warning system of rural drinking water safety on the basis of ComGIS and initially designed information collection, search and re-trieval, evaluation and analysis of factors, dynamic prediction and dynamic early-warning and functions of guidance and management in this system. The design of this system provided scientific basis to grasp the state of rural drinking water safety timely, release early warning information and properly take necessary control measures, etc. The evaluation results showed that the overall trend was getting better. It proved that the rising pressure value and response value were main reasons which caused the rising evaluation value of rural drinking water safety.

Design of Water Disinfection Scheme for Rural Drinking Water Safety Project

As further promotion of the rural drinking water safety project in whole country, small villages in vast countryside have been or will be equipped with safety drinking water project. We analyzed necessity of the rural drinking water disinfection, discussed disinfection method suitable for rural drinking water characteristics, and put forward disinfection schemes for different water supply sources.

Research on the Risk Associated with Rural Drinking Water Safety Based on Catastrophe Theory

In this study, based on the analysis of the catastrophic risk of rural drinking water, with the representative villages in Ya’an as study objects and setting the four evaluation standards: water quality, water quantity, the Guarantee Probability for water Supply and the Convenience Level of the Access to Water Supply as the ba- sic framework, a Rural Drinking Water Safety Assessment was developed (RDWSA). Research showed that Catastrophe Theory was applicable in the RDWSA. Adding RDWSA based on Catastrophe Theory to the supportive system for decision-making in Ecological Hydrographic Management Decision Support System of Ya’an helped obtain the rank and results of RDWSE by the automatic calculation of programs, which could assist the risk assessment and risk management associated with rural drinking water in Ya’an.

Comprehensive Control of Ecological Environment in Water Sources

To scientifically and effectively conduct comprehensive control of water sources to achieve water safety,the importance,main steps and plan of comprehensive control of ecological environment in water sources were analyzed on the basis of analyzing the development and protection process of foreign water sources.The results show that for the comprehensive control of water sources,it is needed to pay attention to the accurate grasp of the current environmental quality of water sources and carefully analyze the problems in the ecological environment of water sources.Besides,it is necessary to ensure the water quality and quantity of sources,focus on the implementation of environmental remediation and ecological restoration,implement regional protection of water sources,and combine engineering and non-engineering measures to take comprehensive control of environmental problems.

膜技术在农村饮用水处理中的研究与应用现状

农村饮用水安全是居民安全、经济发展的重要因素,传统的农村水处理技术已经无法满足当前的安全供水需求。本文通过文献计量学结合VOSviewer可视化工具分析国内外农村饮用水的相关研究,得出国内外研究热点均集中在农村饮用水安全保障和水质上,我国在饮用水管理及处理技术方面研究相较国外较少。突现词分析表明对饮用水中氟化物治理和风险评估已经成为我国农村饮用水处理的主要发展方向,而安全供水、超滤技术和传统过滤技术成为国外农村饮用水处理的主要发展方向和关键技术。同时,本文综述了膜技术在农村饮用水污染物去除方面的研究进展,发现纳滤技术(NF)能解决水源水铁、锰、砷和氟等污染物超标问题,具有很好的应用前景。最后,从水源特点、处理工艺流程和处理效果等方面调研总结了以超滤(UF)膜技术为核心的组合工艺在农村地区饮用水领域的应用情况,进而提出进一步推广膜技术的相关建议,可为保障农村饮用水安全和推动农村供水高质量发展提供技术支撑。

浅析智慧水务系统在农村饮水安全工程管理中的应用

文章科学论述了智慧水务系统在农村饮水安全工程管理中的实际应用价值,强调了智慧水务系统依托现代信息技术提高农村饮水安全工程管理的自动化、数字化、智能化水平,保证了农村饮水水质达标、水量充足、管理精细化与低成本化。同时,从架构设计、网络结构设计、功能模块设计等层面阐述了农村饮水安全工程管理中智慧水务系统的应用体系与应用场景,有效解决农村饮水安全监管任务重、监控水平低下、综合水质差等诸多问题,切实提升农村饮水安全管理水平、服务质量与综合保障能力。

农村饮水安全监管问题研究——以甘肃省莲峰镇为例

饮用水与人们的生产生活密切相关,是人类生存和发展不可或缺的资源,对国家和社会稳定发展极其重要。对我国农村饮水安全的监管问题进行分析有利于保护农村水资源,促进社会经济可持续发展,推进乡村振兴战略的全面实施。本文通过分析甘肃省莲峰镇饮水安全的监管现状,探讨该镇在饮水安全监管方面存在的不足,并基于当前该镇饮水安全监管制度,提出具体的对策和建议。

农村饮水安全巩固提升研究

农村饮水安全一直是一个备受关注的问题,由于农村地区的经济基础相对薄弱,基础设施建设相对滞后,饮用水质量和供应都面临严峻挑战。通过调查分析农村饮用水安全问题,总结当前存在的问题和原因,包括水质污染、供水设施不足和居民卫生意识差等方面。在此基础上,提出相应的解决措施,包括加强水质监测和治理、加快饮用水供应设施建设、提高居民的饮用水卫生意识等。

农村饮用水水源地保护措施研究

水是人类赖以生存和发展的资源,饮用水安全是人民群众身体健康、生活安定的重要基础。然而在部分农村,由于特殊的环境和资源条件的影响,饮用水安全问题长期存在,尤其是随着城市化进程的加快和农业生产的发展,农村饮用水安全问题愈发突出,加强农村饮用水安全管理刻不容缓。基于此,本文指出农村饮用水管理存在的问题,提出农村饮用水水源地保护的措施,以供参考。

农村饮用水安全信息化建设方案研究

文章旨在探讨农村饮用水安全的信息化建设方案,以期提高农村饮用水安全管理的效率和有效性。文章首先诊断当前农村饮用水安全面临的主要问题,包括水资源污染、设施老化、水质监测水平不足等,并提出信息化建设是解决这些问题的关键手段。接着,本文系统性地分析信息化建设的核心要素,即分析农村饮用水安全运行管理需求、辨别关键技术、制定各个系统的集成与开发方案以及信息安全的保障措施,为农村饮用水安全管理的现代化道路提供了科学依据。

农村饮水安全工程运行管理存在的问题及策略探究

农村饮水安全是“一安全、三保障、两不愁”指标之一,却存在重建设、轻管理问题,难以发挥工程预期效果。基于此,本文简要阐述了农村饮水安全工程运行管理的意义,以广西玉林市容县农村饮水安全工程为例,对现存的多方参管协同不佳、管理队伍建设不力、工程商业化不彻底问题进行分析,并提出提高农村饮水安全工程运行管理水平的策略,以期为相关工作者提供参考。

民勤县农村饮水安全治理问题探究

甘肃省民勤县素有“中国沙乡”之称,是典型的资源性缺水地区,农村饮水安全问题日益凸显。本文深入分析民勤县农村饮水安全治理中存在的水质恶化严重、水资源短缺、基础设施老化和维护不到位、资金投入不足等突出问题,并提出加强水污染综合治理、守护农村饮用水源,树立节水优先理念、缓解水资源供需矛盾,加快供水设施提档升级、健全工程运行管护机制,创新投融资方式、加强农村饮水安全投入保障等优化对策,以期提升民勤县农村饮水安全治理水平。

农村饮水安全工程的管理现状及改善措施分析

农村饮水安全工程是保障农民生活质量的重要组成部分,直接关系到农村居民的身体健康和生活质量。随着国家对农村发展的重视,新农村建设得到加强,而且随着社会经济水平的提高,人们的生活质量水平也得到提高,人们的健康意识不断增强。从实际来看,虽然国家加强了饮水工程的建设力度,但是农村饮水安全工程的管理仍然存在问题,农村饮水安全工程的建设和管理成为当前亟待解决的问题。本文以临县农村饮水安全工程为研究对象,对农村饮水安全工程的管理现状进行分析,找出存在的问题,并提出相应的改善措施,旨在完善农村饮水安全工程建设管理工作,提高管理水平,以供交流参考。

对泾川县2022年度农村供水保障工程建设的研究

农村饮水安全是一项重大民生实事,事关人民群众的身体健康和生活福祉。文章结合泾川县农村供水现状数据精准核查工作和现场调研成果,对平凉市泾川县农村供水现状及存在的问题进行分析总结,研究并分析现阶段亟待解决的突出问题,提出了泾川县2022年度农村供水保障工程建设的必要性,并进一步提出农村供水工程建设的建设措施。

莒南县巩固提升农村饮水安全的做法及成效

近年来,莒南县以巩固提升农村饮水安全为主线,聚焦发力、周密部署、狠抓落实,抓紧抓实这项民心工程,使农村饮水安全有效衔接脱贫攻坚成果和推进乡村振兴提供了有力支撑,取得较好成效。针对以后农村饮水安全工作提出了建议对策。

鄄城县农村供水管理体制改革做法及成效

为建立科学长效的运营管理体系,推进农村供水工程专业化、规范化管理,持续提升农村饮水安全水平,鄄城县按照“规模化发展、标准化建设、市场化运作、企业化经营、专业化管理”的思路,建立健全农村饮水安全工程长效管理机制,推动“县级统管”从“有名”到“有实”。

仁化县农村集中饮用水工程建设与管理

为解决仁化县农村供水工程建设和管理中存在的建设、监管难度大,工程建设需要协调多,建设标准不一,建后管护落实难度大等问题,文章提出通过完善管理机制,加强前期谋划和舆论宣传,高标准建设农村供水工程,优化水资源配置,加强人员管理,加大资金投入力度,引入智慧化管理等方式提升农村供水规范化、专业化、智慧化管理水平,较好地保障了农村供水工程安全、稳定、长效运行,使全县农村居民生活水平显著提高,取得了良好的社会效益。

基于DPSR模型的英山县农村地区饮水安全评价

饮水安全事关人民群众的生命健康、安全。针对英山县2022年缺水现状,基于驱动-压力-状态-响应(DPSR)模型构建饮水安全评价指标体系,利用熵权法、TOPSIS法结合障碍度模型,对英山县11个乡镇的农村地区饮水安全状态进行分析,明确英山县饮水安全类型的空间分布以及改进方向。结果表明,英山县11个乡镇的农村地区饮水安全整体呈不安全状态,主要是由饮水安全状态及压力系统的指标造成的;影响英山县各乡镇饮水安全的主导障碍因子为水域面积占比、森林覆盖率,因此为保护英山县农村地区的饮水安全,需要加强水库型水源地及水源涵养区的建设和保护工作;影响英山县各乡镇饮水安全的主导障碍因子具有相似性及差异性,需针对性地采取不同对策,提升其饮水安全等级。

基于Profibus—DP和GPRS的农村饮水安全工程控制系统设计

针对农村饮水安全工程设备多且设备相距较远、传输数据多的特点，选用西门子S7—1200PLC和ProfibueDP现场总线技术来构建主从结构的自动控制系统；通过西门子MD720—3和SINAUTMICROSC组建GPRS网络实现净水站、加压泵站与管理单位间的数据交换。该设计在甘肃灵台县的实际应用不仅满足了饮水工程对生产自动化的要求，而且提高了数据传输的实时性和可靠性，同时也极大地提高了管理单位的管理水平。