Guizhou's Natural Resources Awaiting Development

Guizhou is one of the concentration provinces for natural resources in China. Most outstanding of these, in particular, are energy resources, mineral resources, biological resources and tourism resources. They occupy a very important position in the country. Guizhou’s natural resources are of multiple categories, high grade, huge re-

Investigation and Analysis on Agricultural Biological Resources of Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County,Guizhou Province

Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guizhou Province,and in the border of Guizhou and Chongqing,having a subtropical humid monsoon climate. There is no severe heat in summer,and no severe cold in winter. It has distinct national characteristics,and there are many biological resources with national characteristics. A systematic investigation of biological resources in the county for nearly a month was carried out by organizing a professional investigation team. The investigation covered 5 townships and we visited 12 village committees and 26 villagers' groups,involving three ethnic groups: Gelao,Tujia and Miao. The biological resources closely related to the agricultural production and life of local ethnic groups were investigated,collected and sorted out. A total of 230 samples of all kinds of resources were collected,including 47 food crops,75 vegetables and annual crops,37 fruit trees and perennial crops,and 71 medicinal plants. Of these,a total of 73 were unique,superior and special resources. Based on general investigation and professional investigation,this paper analyzes the present situation,growth and decline of local agricultural biological resources,and puts forward some suggestions for the protection,development and utilization of agricultural biological resources.

Investigation on Sinipercine Fishes in the National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Protection Area in Jinjiang River of China

[Objective]The paper was to provide a scientific basis for protection and utilization of sinipercine fish resources in Jinjiang River,the national resources protection area. [Method]A total of 171 specimens of sinipercine were collected from Jinjiang River and its branches,identified and statistically counted.[Result]There were three species of wild sinipercine,including Siniperca scherzeri,Coreoperca whiteheadi and Siniperca kneri,with occurrence frequencies of100%,66. 7% and 50%,respectively. They were common species in the river,and S. scherzeri was dominant. The total allowable catch(TAC) of the three species was not big,and the individuals captured were generally small,and with rare mature individuals. [Conclusion]The resources of sinipercine had a preliminary recovery in the region after the foundation of the national resources protection area for aquatic resources in Jinjiang River in 2009.

Ecotourism Resources Assessment and Development Strategy for Guizhou Province, China

The aim of this study is to understand ecotourism resources, taking into considering their quality and the comparative advantages of districts in order to develop effective strategy. Ecotourism is an important developmental model for those undeveloped regions that have superior landscape resources in ecologically fragile environments. This article has identified 181 ecotourism sites in Guizhou province, based on field work in the province. A quantitative assessment using 18 indicators was performed and, based on the results, these resources were divided into five levels. The paper also analyzed the comparative advantage of districts to reflect the developmental potential of different districts. Results show that ecotourism resources in Guihzhou province are numerous, varied in type and high quality; among them, six sites ranked level 5 represented the essence of Guizhou province. Moreover, there are four districts that are high superiority — Anshun, Qiannan and Qianxinan and Zunyi-one that is average and four that are low. According to our analysis, ecotourism development models for Guizhou province can be classified into four types; effective strategies were proposed for each.

Resource Distribution and Exploitation of Edible Ferns in Guizhou

64 species （including 5 varieties）, 30 genera and 24 families of the edible ferns in Guizhou are preliminartiy confirmed, according to the combination of spot investigation and refereuce analySis：the species, genera and families account for 8.13%, 19.74% and 44.44% of ferns in Guizhou, respectively. The floristic composition characters and resource distribution of 23 kinds of the edible ferns in Guizhou are described.

Spatial pattern and compositive structure of forests in Guizhou

Remote-sensing and field data of Guizhou forest resources in 2000 are processed using ArcGIS, with the production of forest resource distribution map, forest age class structure map, and forest canopy distribution map. Analysis of these data shows that: (1) though there are multiple types of forest resources, forest coverage is low (only 25.27%, excluding sparse woodland, shrub and underage-forest); (2) the geographical distribution of forests is quite uneven, mainly in the southeast of the province and in Zunyi prefecture; (3) the zonal evergreen broad-leaved forests have been seriously destroyed, with striking secondary features, i.e., coniferous forest and shrubbery account for the greatest proportion of Guizhou forests; (4) the timber-forest is much larger in area than shelter-forest and economic forest; (5) young-and-middle aged forests are more widely distributed than near-and-over matured forest; and (6) the forest of Guizhou is not enough to effectively protect the environment of karst mountain areas of the province.

Indigenous Knowledge of Natural Resource Management and Population Control for Dong Ethnic Group in Guizhou Province

Dong ethnic people have rich indigenous knowledge in terms of their daily life and production, which plays an important role in the sustainable development of their village. This paper aims to understand traditional knowledge of Dong ethnic people in resource management and population control, including traditional resource management, traditional medicinal knowledge and village regulations in Zhanli Village in Southeast Guizhou Province. The research methods include key informant interview, group discussion, participant observation and secondary data collect- ing. The results show that Zhanli villagers try their best to utilize indigenous knowledge to manage the natural resources and keep the stable population to make themselves live in a sustainable way. Indigenous knowledge plays an important role in managing their limited natural resources and keeping the population stable under an excellent condition. Zhanli villagers employ indigenous knowledge to manage natural resources and use local herbs to control the population. Village regulation terms significantly influence villagers’ awareness in resource management and birth control. Women play the chief role in employing indigenous knowledge in weaving as well as medicinal knowledge in birth control, and these kinds of knowledge are passed down through the female line. However, the inheritance style of traditional knowledge is decreasing. Indig- enous knowledge plays an important role in the sustainable development of this village, which gives implications for development practices to involve indigenous knowledge to achieve sustainable development.

Natural Gas Prospecting by Using Satellite MT Data in Chishui Area,Guizhou

Oil-gas remote sensing information is obtained from satellite TM data through graph-ic treatment in the light of the hydrocarbon-microseepage theory. The nine target areas (ofthree types) selected on this basis coincide well with the occurrence of natural gases and have been proved by subsequent prospecting. Plants in the target areas are characterized, as a result of hydrocarbon- microseepage, by abnormal spectral features with the absorption peaks of chlorophyll shifting toward blue light, reflectivity in the range of visible light increasing and re-flectivity in the near infrared region decreasing.

贵州枇杷种质资源分布及其产业发展概述

贵州立体气候突出,野生枇杷种质资源丰富,性状差异性明显。目前已找到普通枇杷、大花枇杷、小叶枇杷3个种类,普通枇杷在全省广泛分布,大花枇杷主要分布在黔东南州雷公山一带,小叶枇杷主要分布在黔西南州兴义市一带。贵州省枇杷商品化栽培始于1958年,由黔东南州率先从江苏、浙江、福建等省引进优良品种进行试验示范。进入20世纪80年代中后期,贵阳市、黔南州、黔西南州等各地州(市)相继开展引种试验及小规模推广应用。截至2010年,在贵阳市、黔东南州、毕节市等地区拥有了万亩以上的规模化种植。特别是2015年以来,贵州各地枇杷种植生产发展速度迅猛,据2022年贵州省农业农村厅统计数据,全省枇杷种植面积已达2.3万hm^(2),年产量16.3万t,产值达17.1亿元,鲜果采摘期超过2个月。但栽培技术与管理水平仍较低,面积上升与产量增长不成正比,全省平均每666.7 m^(2)商品果产量不足500 kg,提升空间很大。存在问题主要为,一是缺乏地方规范的引、试、推制度体系,盲目性引种,造成品种混杂,良莠不齐,商品性低;二是对遗传优良性状的种质资源挖掘不足,缺乏地方特色的主导品种,市场竞争力不强;三是枇杷品牌创建与营销策略意识不强,形成行业内竞争压价销售,影响效益;四是鲜果产后冷链及深加工产品技术研发滞后,产业附加值增长有限;五是旱涝寒暑等极端天气频繁出现,山地果园设施栽培配套条件滞后,抗风险能力不强等。主要围绕贵州枇杷种质资源分布特征、引种与育种、栽培技术演变、产业发展及其制约因子等方面进行了分析,尝试提出贵州枇杷产业当前与未来的主要任务,以推动枇杷产业高质量发展。

“互联网+”背景下贵州非遗文创产业发展路径研究

非物质文化遗产是人类历史长河和在人们日常生活中凝聚而成的文化精粹,非遗文化的艺术价值、工艺价值、文化价值以及商业价值等都将在文创设计时焕发新机,而形成产业将会激发出最大的发展潜能。目前,随着信息技术和互联网的飞速发展,贵州非遗的保护、传承以及发展迎来了新契机,而非遗文创产业是对其传承与保护的重要途径,也是推动经济增长的有效方式。本文在“互联网+”背景下分析贵州非遗基本现状及存在的问题,并为贵州非遗文创产业提出发展路径建议,以期促进贵州非遗产业的可持续发展,进而助力贵州经济发展。

贵州深部煤层气地质特征及其资源潜力

加快深部(1000 m以深)煤层气资源勘探开发是煤层气走向规模化开发的重要途径,是近年来煤层气产业的重要发展方向。贵州省煤层气资源丰富,深部煤层气资源占比大,然而目前尚未开展深部煤层气资源的地质研究和勘探开发。立足于贵州煤层气地质背景,基于大量的煤层气试井资料和测试化验资料,分析了深部煤层气地质特征及其资源潜力。研究结果显示:贵州深部煤层气资源主要分布于六盘水、黔北和织纳煤田的众多向斜单元。沉积分异和构造分区导致深部煤储层地质条件具有区域差异性,六盘水煤田以“超压明显、低温、较高应力”为特征,织纳煤田以“超压、较高温度、较低应力”为特征,黔北煤田以“超压、高温、高应力”为特征。深部煤储层渗透率偏低,1000 m以深渗透率将普遍低于0.1×10^(-15)m^(2)。煤储层含气量较高,在1000 m以浅,以六盘水煤田为代表的中阶煤储层平均含气量为10.03 m^(3)/t,以织纳、黔北煤田为代表的高阶煤储层平均含气量为14.51 m^(3)/t,400 m以深超饱和现象较为明显。优选游离气、吸附气预测模型,考虑煤阶随深度的变化,预测深部整体含气量将进一步增加,超饱和现象更为明显,游离气占比增大,在2000 m左右,游离气占比普遍达到10%~25%,且中阶煤游离气占比要高于高阶煤。在此基础上,计算了包含2000 m以深的贵州省重点向斜的煤层气地质资源量,贵州省煤层气地质资源量为3.85万亿m^(3),其中1000 m以深煤层气地质资源量达到了1.90万亿m^(3),六盘水和黔北煤田深部煤层气资源占比大。综合考虑资源规模和资源丰度,提出了开发次序建议,盘关—土城—照子河—旧普安向斜和格目底向斜为首选开发单元,以上向斜均属于高丰度大型气田。

基于OBE理念的课程协同混合教学模式探究——以贵州民族地域建筑课程为例

贵州民族地域建筑课程在分析课程现状特征与OBE教育理解契合度基础上,积极借鉴OBE教育理念,以学生为中心,以成果为导向,探索构建出多种学习方法、多种教学资源和多种教学环节相整合成链,闭合循环,不断持续生长与优化的协同混合动态教学模式。实践表明,对于提高学生的理论知识水平、分析解决问题综合能力以及专业素养有很大帮助,同时为全面提升课程教学质量奠定基础。

基于大数据的智慧探矿模式实验研究与进展

本文是贵州省锰矿“产学研用”科技创新人才团队近些年来在贵州开展基于大数据的智慧探矿新模式的探索性实验研究与总结。团队通过“产学研用”协同创新体系,对著名的中国南华纪“大塘坡式”锰矿矿集区和多个隐伏超大型锰矿床,进行大数据预测的找矿过程复盘研究,探索深部隐伏矿产资源智能预测和数字勘查方法,努力发展和培育地质矿产勘查领域的新质生产力。团队研发了基于大数据的成矿模式和找矿模型,开展地质大数据资源体系建设,完善并全面推广应用数字勘查技术系统,建成了贵州全省域三维玻璃国土,研发出多尺度多目标递进式矿产智能预测技术,有效地推进了贵州地质矿产勘查工作的数字化转型,先后发现并提交了一批可供勘查的隐伏锰矿、磷矿、铝土矿、铅锌(锗)矿、重晶石矿和新发现的蚀变泥灰岩型锂矿等找矿靶区,支撑贵州新一轮找矿突破战略行动实现了新突破。取得的主要进展表明,团队实验研究成果既加快了贵州省地质矿产勘查工作的数字化转型,又推进了与大数据深度融合发展,培育和发展了地质矿产勘查领域的新质生产力,支撑了深部隐伏矿找矿实现新突破。为了进一步推进地质矿产勘查工作的数字化转型,发展地质矿产领域的数字经济,还需要进一步开展地质矿产勘查的“上云用数赋智”行动,加强关键技术研发并大力推广应用,在实践中不断探索、不断改进和发展。

贵州宽阔水国家级自然保护区蝴蝶资源调查及区系分析

为了解贵州宽阔水国家级自然保护区蝴蝶资源,于2016年5月至2019年9月调查3种不同生境中的蝴蝶,共调查到180种,隶属于5科101属,分别为中凤蝶科(Papilionidae)4属18种,粉蝶科(Pieridae)8属11种,蛱蝶科(Nymphalidae)45属95种,灰蝶科(Lycaenidae)20属25种,弄蝶科(Hesperiidae)24属31种。8月份蝴蝶物种最为丰富,有85种。宽阔水蝴蝶在中国动物地理区划中有24式区系型,以“西南区-华中区-华南区”式区系型所占比例最高,计36种,占20.00%,宽阔水蝴蝶区系主要以华中区区系为主体。宽阔水保护区蝴蝶以开阔地-林地交界处的生境分布型种类最多。

贵州省地热流体资源可开采资源量研究

综合贵州省地热研究相关成果资料,分析贵州省地热流体资源赋存条件及地热水资源分布特征,以此为基础将贵州省划分为110个地热资源量估算区,参照省内地热流体资源主要集中在断裂带周边的实际特点,采用设计布井法、泉(井)流量统计法和比拟法对贵州地热流体可开采资源量进行估算。结果表明:贵州地热流体资源的形成和分布,受省内地质构造特点及其在全国构造所处部位的控制,地热资源成因类型可划分为沉积盆地传导型地热储和隆起山地断裂对流型地热储,总体热储温度一般小于90℃,为低温地热资源;估算出贵州省地热流体可开采资源总量为23190.37 m^(3)/a,其中设计布井法估算的资源量为15926.22 m^(3)/a,天然温泉可开采资源量1183.34 m^(3)/a,地热井可开采资源量6080.80 m^(3)/a,总热能906933.97 Kw,年开采累计可利用热能量476.68×10^(8)MJ。所估算的地热流体可采资源量可为贵州省地热资源的勘查开发规划提供参考依据。

QuantyPES软件在黔西南者相金矿床资源量估算中的应用:与传统软件估算的对比

传统制图软件MapGIS、CAD等在资源量估算中具有一定的局限性,其复杂的人工估算和繁重的数据管理过程,导致资源量估算效率较低,而利用QuantyPES软件进行资源量估算可以较好地弥补这些不足。该软件可以把繁杂的传统资源量估算方式转变为系统的软件程序自动化,适用于矿产勘查各阶段的资源量估算与管理。以黔西南者相金矿床为例,介绍与对比QuantyPES软件与传统软件在实际资源量估算方式中的特点,认为QuantyPES软件在资源量估算中具有更快的速度及效率,计算结果具有更高的准确性及科学性,还可进行三维地质统计学法资源量估算、资源储量动态估算与管理、数据可持续利用及共享等。通过研究QuantyPES软件在资源量估算中的先进性,期望该软件在未来地质勘查工作中得到更广泛的应用,进一步提高资源量估算的科学性与可靠性。

贵州省麻阳河国家级自然保护区大型真菌资源调查研究

为了解贵州省麻阳河国家级自然保护区(简称麻阳河保护区)大型真菌资源,采用随机踏查法对麻阳河保护区的大型真菌进行初步调查,并对其资源进行评价。麻阳河保护区有大型真菌247种,隶属于59科121属;其中优势科有红菇科、多孔菌科、小菇科、鹅膏科、牛肝菌科;优势属有红菇属、乳菇属、鹅膏属、小菇属、栓孔菌属、粉褶菌属、枝瑚菌属、灵芝属、小皮伞属。大型真菌中食用菌68种,药用菌23种,食(药)用菌18种,毒菌41种。调查研究表明,麻阳河保护区有丰富的大型真菌,物种多样性高。

贵州淫羊藿属资源现状及品质影响因素研究进展

淫羊藿属多种植物是我国著名的传统中药材,贵州是淫羊藿属植物小花类群发生和演化的重要区域和分布中心,尤以黔东北地区保存的原始种类最多。随着市场对淫羊藿提取物的需求量急剧增加,淫羊藿属野生资源遭受大面积破坏,资源呈现濒危趋势,人工栽培成为保障市场需求的重要途径。为此,本文整理了贵州现存的20种淫羊藿属植物的资源分布情况,分析了淫羊藿属植物的主要活性成分(黄酮类、生物碱、多糖),重点论述了光照、温度、土壤及采收时间等因子对淫羊藿属植物品质含量的影响,综合当前人工栽培淫羊藿属植物的繁殖方式、种植密度和管护等栽培技术,分析相关研究存在的问题及瓶颈,以期为贵州淫羊藿属植物资源保护、开发利用及栽培示范提供参考依据。

中国“体旅桥”资源融合的内涵、机遇与开发理路——以山地民族特色体育强省为例

新时代中国体旅融合内涵不断丰富、外延不断扩大,“体旅桥”资源融合正是体旅融合的再深入和再扩展。运用文献资料、逻辑分析与参与式观察等方法,以山地民族特色体育强省贵州为例,在明晰“体旅桥”资源融合理论内涵的基础上,对贵州“体旅桥”资源融合的时代机遇、模式选择与开发理路进行研究。时代机遇主要为以政策导向为基石、以经济发展为驱动、以资源汇聚为支撑、以科技进步为保障和以市场扩大为引领,模式选择包含自然观光、户外运动、体育赛事、科普研学和虚拟现实等旅游模式;并提出细化政策供给服务、优化人才培养体系、强化科技赋能效应、转化数字技术成果与异化产品项目体验等“体旅桥”资源开发理路,以期助力贵州高质量建设山地民族特色体育强省。

贵州大寨矿区龙潭组镓的富集特征及勘探前景

为研究贵州盘县大寨地区煤系Ga资源的富集特征,以区内9口钻孔中采集的219件岩芯样品的测试分析数据为基础,运用地球化学及数理统计方法,对区内各煤层及围岩、顶底板、夹矸中Ga的赋存特征进行了详细研究。结果表明,大寨矿区Ga主要富集在煤层顶底板、夹矸中的黏土矿物中,赋存状态以无机结合态类质同象替代为主;底板、夹矸中的Ga含量最高,平均含量分别为37.86、36.42μg/g;顶板中Ga含量次之,平均含量为29.94μg/g;煤层中的Ga含量最低,平均含量为8.74μg/g;龙潭组中下部较上部更为富集,顶板Ga含量平均值最大的为17-2号煤层,底板和夹矸Ga含量平均值最大者为24号煤层,均达到工业品位,表明贵州地区龙潭组煤中Ga具有一定的成矿前景。