mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem.Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders(Cuscuta spp.)are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants.When aphids feed on dodders,whether there is tra...mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem.Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders(Cuscuta spp.)are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants.When aphids feed on dodders,whether there is trafficking of mRNAs among aphids,dodders,and host plants and if aphid feeding a匚fects the mRNA transfer between dodders and hosts are unclear.We constructed a green peach aphid(GPA,Myzus persicae)-dodder(Cuscuta austra/is)-cucumber(Cucumis sativus)tritrophic system by infesting GPAs on C.australis,which parasitized cucumber hosts.We found that GPA feeding activated defense-related phytohormonal and transcriptomic responses in both C.australis and cucumbers and large numbers of mRNAs were found to be transferred between C.australis and cucumbers and between C.australis and GPAs;importantly,GPA feeding on C.australis greatly altered inter-species mobile mRNA profiles.Furthermore,three cucumber mRNAs and three GPA mRNAs could be respectively detected in GPAs and cucumbers.Moreover,our statistical analysis indicated that mRNAs with high abundances and long transcript lengths are likely to be mobile.This study reveals the existence of inter-species and even inter-kingdom mRNA movement among insects,parasitic plants,and parasite hosts,and suggests complex regulation of mRNA trafficking.展开更多
Four solanaceous plant species, namely hot pepper (Capsicum frutescensL.), potato (Solanum tuberosumL.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMiller) were anatomically screened for compatib...Four solanaceous plant species, namely hot pepper (Capsicum frutescensL.), potato (Solanum tuberosumL.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMiller) were anatomically screened for compatibility/incompatibility to field dodder (Cuscuta campestrisYuncker, Cuscutaceae). The development of field dodder haustorium within stem tissues of the studied solanaceous plants was found to depend on the latter’s response to the former’s penetration. In hot pepper and tobacco, which showed a positive response, the haustorium was well developed and its searching hyphae established connections with their vascular tissues. However, potato and tomato showed a negative response and acquired different defense mechanisms against the parasitism of field dodder. In both of them, the field dodder haustorium and/or its searching hyphae exhibited distorted appearance and failed to establish connection with their vascular tissues. Thus, the tested solanaceous plant species could be classified as either compatible (hot pepper and tobacco) or incompatible (potato and tomato) hosts to field dodder.展开更多
Previous studies demonstrated that cryptochromes are involved in blue light-induced coiling and prehaustoria development in young de-etiolated dodder seedlings. In this study, we suggest that carotenoids and chlorophy...Previous studies demonstrated that cryptochromes are involved in blue light-induced coiling and prehaustoria development in young de-etiolated dodder seedlings. In this study, we suggest that carotenoids and chlorophyll are not the blue light absorbing chromophores involved in the mediation of prehaustoria development to blue light. Norflurazon-bleached dodder segments coiled and formed prehaustoria under blue light. However, norflurazon significantly reduced prehaustoria number （62%） under a mixture of red and far-red light, suggesting that phytochromes could be altered by norflurazon.展开更多
文摘mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem.Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders(Cuscuta spp.)are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants.When aphids feed on dodders,whether there is trafficking of mRNAs among aphids,dodders,and host plants and if aphid feeding a匚fects the mRNA transfer between dodders and hosts are unclear.We constructed a green peach aphid(GPA,Myzus persicae)-dodder(Cuscuta austra/is)-cucumber(Cucumis sativus)tritrophic system by infesting GPAs on C.australis,which parasitized cucumber hosts.We found that GPA feeding activated defense-related phytohormonal and transcriptomic responses in both C.australis and cucumbers and large numbers of mRNAs were found to be transferred between C.australis and cucumbers and between C.australis and GPAs;importantly,GPA feeding on C.australis greatly altered inter-species mobile mRNA profiles.Furthermore,three cucumber mRNAs and three GPA mRNAs could be respectively detected in GPAs and cucumbers.Moreover,our statistical analysis indicated that mRNAs with high abundances and long transcript lengths are likely to be mobile.This study reveals the existence of inter-species and even inter-kingdom mRNA movement among insects,parasitic plants,and parasite hosts,and suggests complex regulation of mRNA trafficking.
文摘Four solanaceous plant species, namely hot pepper (Capsicum frutescensL.), potato (Solanum tuberosumL.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMiller) were anatomically screened for compatibility/incompatibility to field dodder (Cuscuta campestrisYuncker, Cuscutaceae). The development of field dodder haustorium within stem tissues of the studied solanaceous plants was found to depend on the latter’s response to the former’s penetration. In hot pepper and tobacco, which showed a positive response, the haustorium was well developed and its searching hyphae established connections with their vascular tissues. However, potato and tomato showed a negative response and acquired different defense mechanisms against the parasitism of field dodder. In both of them, the field dodder haustorium and/or its searching hyphae exhibited distorted appearance and failed to establish connection with their vascular tissues. Thus, the tested solanaceous plant species could be classified as either compatible (hot pepper and tobacco) or incompatible (potato and tomato) hosts to field dodder.
文摘Previous studies demonstrated that cryptochromes are involved in blue light-induced coiling and prehaustoria development in young de-etiolated dodder seedlings. In this study, we suggest that carotenoids and chlorophyll are not the blue light absorbing chromophores involved in the mediation of prehaustoria development to blue light. Norflurazon-bleached dodder segments coiled and formed prehaustoria under blue light. However, norflurazon significantly reduced prehaustoria number （62%） under a mixture of red and far-red light, suggesting that phytochromes could be altered by norflurazon.
