The Effect of Soil Enzymes and Polysaccharides Secreted by the Roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge under Drought,High Temperature,and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deficits

Root exudates serve as crucial mediators for information exchange between plants and soil,and are an important evolutionary mechanism for plants’adaptation to environmental changes.In this study,15 different abiotic stress models were established using various stress factors,including drought(D),high temperature(T),nitrogen deficiency(N),phosphorus deficiency(P),and their combinations.We investigated their effects on the seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and the activities of Solid-Urease(S-UE),Solid-Nitrite Reductase(S-NiR),Solid-Nitrate Reductase(S-NR),Solid-Phosphotransferase(S-PT),and Solid-Catalase(S-CAT),as well as the contents of polysaccharides in the culture medium.The results showed that the growth of S.miltiorrhiza was inhibited under 15 stress conditions.Among them,13 stress conditions increased the root-shoot ratio.These 15 stress conditions significantly reduced the activity of S-NR,two combinations significantly improved the activity of S-NIR,they were synergistic stresses of high temperature and nitrogen deficiency(TN),and synergistic stresses of drought and nitrogen deficiency(DN)(p<0.05).The activity of S-UE was significantly improved under N,D,T,synergistic stresses of drought and high temperature(DT),DN,synergistic stresses of drought and phosphorus deficiency(DP),and synergistic stresses of high temperature,nitrogen,and phosphorus deficiency(TNP)stress conditions(p<0.05).Most stress combinations reduced the activity of S-PT,but D and T significantly improved it.(p<0.05).The N,DN,and TN stress conditions significantly reduced S-CAT activity.The P,DT,and synergistic stresses of drought,high temperature,and phosphorus deficiency(DTP)significantly decreased the total polysaccharide content of the soil(p<0.05).The research suggested that abiotic stress hindered the growth of S.miltiorrhiza and altered the behavior of root secretion.Roots regulated the secretion of several substances in response to various abiotic stresses,including soil nitrogen cycle enzymes,phosphorus transport-related enzymes,and antioxidant enzymes.In conclusion,plants regulate the utilization of rhizosphere substances in response to abiotic stresses by modulating the exudation of soil enzymes and polysaccharides by the root system.At the same time,soil carbon sequestration was affected by the adverse environment,which restricted the input of organic matter into the soil.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Radix Et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Guixi Green Tea and Their Compatibility on Mice

[Objectives]To explore the hypoglycemic effect of Radix Et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Guixi green tea and their compatibility on mice,so as to provide more options for the adjuvant treatment of diabetes and improve the comprehensive utilization value of Guixi green tea.[Methods]After being fed adaptively for 7 d,60 SPF-grade male mice were intraperitoneally injected with alloxouracil(180 mg/kg)to induce hyperglycemia model,from which 35 mice with a successful model were selected.They were randomly divided into 5 groups(Danshen group,green tea group,compatible group,positive control group and blank control group),with 7 animals in each group.The mice in all groups were administered according to the dose of 200 mg/kg once a day for 15 d.After the last administration,their body weight was measured on the 15 th day after fasting for 12 h,and their fasting blood glucose was measured by tail clipping.[Results]After modeling,the mice in each group showed typical hyperglycemia symptoms,namely obvious polydipsia,polyphagia,polyuria and weight loss.Compared with the blank control group,Danshen group and green tea group had obvious hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and compatible group had significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.01).Compared with the blank control group,the weight loss of diabetic mice could also be inhibited in green tea group and compatible group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Danshen,Guixi green tea and their compatibility had the effect of lowering blood sugar,among which the compatible group had the most obvious effect.

Systematic investigation of Radix Salviae for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy disease based on network Pharmacology

BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus with limited available treatment options.Radix Salviae,a traditional Chinese herb,has shown promise in treating DPN,but its therapeutic mech-anisms have not been systematically investigated.AIM Radix Salviae(Danshen in pinin),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is widely used to treat DPN in China.However,the mechanism through which Radix Salviae treats DPN remains unclear.Therefore,we aimed to explore the mechanism of action of Radix Salviae against DPN using network pharmacology.METHODS The active ingredients and target genes of Radix Salviae were screened using the TCM pharmacology database and analysis platform.The genes associated with DPN were obtained from the Gene Cards and OMIM databases,a drug-com-position-target-disease network was constructed,and a protein–protein inter-action network was subsequently constructed to screen the main targets.Gene Ontology(GO)functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed via the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)using Bioconductor.RESULTS A total of 56 effective components,108 targets and 4581 DPN-related target genes of Radix Salviae were screened.Intervention with Radix Salviae for DPN mainly involved 81 target genes.The top 30 major targets were selected for enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways.CONCLUSION These results suggested that Radix Salviae could treat DPN by regulating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Therefore,Danshen may affect DPN by regulating inflammation and apoptosis.

Salvia Polyphenolates Combined with Doxophylline in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease in the Compensated Stage

Objective:To statistically determine the effect of salvia polyphenolates combined with doxophylline treatment in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease in the compensated stage.Methods:From January 2023 to January 2024,76 patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease in the compensated stage were selected as research subjects.The patients were divided into a research group and a reference group using a randomized numerical table method.The research group was treated with salvia polyphenolates combined with doxophylline,while the reference group received conventional therapy.The treatment effects of the two groups were compared.Results:The patients in the research group,treated with salvia polyphenolates combined with doxophylline,showed maximal ventilation of 73.26±4.83 L/min,left ventricular ejection fraction of 56.14±1.98%,and total effective treatment rate of 94.74%.These results were better than those of the reference group.The differences between the data of the research group and the reference group were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease in the compensated stage,treatment with salvia polyphenolates combined with doxophylline significantly improves maximum ventilation and left ventricular ejection fraction,and also results in a higher total effective treatment rate.

Study on Optimization of Ethanol Reflux Extraction of Phenolic Acids from Salvia miltiorrhiza

The extraction technology of phenolic acid compounds from Salvia miltiorrhiza by ethanol reflux was studied. In this experiment, salvianolic acid B standard was used to make the standard curve. Single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were used to study the extraction of different ethanol concentrations, reflux times and material-to-liquid ratios. The OD value of salvianolic acid compounds was measured with a spectrophotometer. The extraction rate of phenolic acid compounds under different extraction conditions was calculated through a regression equation, so as to obtain the optimal conditions for the ethanol reflux extraction process of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The experimental data can provide a reference for the ethanol reflux extraction process of salvianolic acids in the industry. According to the experiment, the extraction rate of phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza was the highest when the ethanol concentration was 60%, the reflux time was 1.5 hours, and the ratio of material-to-liquid was 1:10.

Plant growth-promoting properties and anti-fungal activity of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta in arid lands

Endophytes,as crucial components of plant microbial communities,significantly contribute to enhancing the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by their hosts,promote plant growth,and degrade pathogenic fungal mycelia.In this study,an experiment was conducted in August 2022 to explore the growth-promoting potential of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from two medical plant species,Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta,using a series of screening media.Plant samples of Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta were collected from Zhaosu County and Habahe County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,in July 2021.Additionally,the inhibitory effects of endophytic bacterial strains on the four pathogenic fungi(Fusarium oxysporum,Fulvia fulva,Alternaria solani,and Valsa mali)were determined through the plate confrontation method.A total of 80 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from Thymus altaicus,while a total of 60 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from Salvia deserta.The endophytic bacterial strains from both Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta exhibited plant growth-promoting properties.Specifically,the strains of Bacillus sp.TR002,Bacillus sp.TR005,Microbacterium sp.TSB5,and Rhodococcus sp.TR013 demonstrated strong cellulase-producing activity,siderophore-producing activity,phosphate solubilization activity,and nitrogen-fixing activity,respectively.Out of 140 endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta,104 strains displayed anti-fungal activity against Fulvia fulva,Alternaria solani,Fusarium oxysporum,and Valsa mali.Furthermore,the strains of Bacillus sp.TR005,Bacillus sp.TS003,and Bacillus sp.TSB7 exhibited robust inhibition rates against all the four pathogenic fungi.In conclusion,the endophytic bacterial strains from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta possess both plant growth-promoting and anti-fungal properties,making them promising candidates for future development as growth-promoting agents and biocontrol tools for plant diseases.

Biotechnology ofα-linolenic acid in oilseed rape(Brassica napus)using FAD2 and FAD3 from chia(Salvia hispanica)

α-Linolenic acid(ALA,18:3Δ9,12,15)is an essential fatty acid for humans since it is the precursor for the biosynthesis of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFA).Modern people generally suffer from deficiency of ALA because most staple food oils are low or lack ALA content.Biotechnological enrichment of ALA in staple oil crops is a promising strategy.Chia(Salvia hispanica)has the highest ALA content in its seed oil among known oil crops.In this study,the FAD2 and FAD3 genes from chia were engineered into a staple oil crop,oilseed rape(Brassica napus),via Agrobaterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of their LP4-2A fusion gene construct driven by the seed-specific promoter P_(NapA).In seeds of T0,T1,and T2 lines,the average ALA contents were 20.86,23.54,and 24.92%,respectively,which were 2.21,2.68,and 3.03 folds of the non-transformed controls(9.42,8.78,and 8.22%),respectively.The highest seed ALA levels of T0,T1,and T2 plants were 38.41,35.98,and 39.19%respectively,which were 4.10-4.77 folds of the respective controls.FA-pathway enzyme genes(BnACCD,BnFATA,BnSAD,BnSCD,BnDGAT1,BnDGAT2,and BnDGAT3)and positive regulatory genes(BnWRI1,BnLEC1,BnL1L,BnLEC2,BnABI3,BnbZIP67,and BnMYB96)were all significantly up-regulated.In contrast,BnTT1,BnTT2,BnTT8,BnTT16,BnTTG1,and BnTTG2,encoding negative oil accumulation regulators but positive secondary metabolism regulators,were all significantly down-regulated.This means the foreign ShFAD2-ShFAD3 fusion gene,directly and indirectly,remodeled both positive and negative loci of the whole FA-related network in transgenic B.napus seeds.

Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(S.miltiorrhiza),a perennial plant of the genus Salvia,is widely used in traditional folklore medicine.Previous chemical research on this plant contains diterpenoid quinones,phenolic acids,polysaccharides and other compounds.The pharmacological investigation of S.miltiorrhiza has shown that it has various pharmacological activities,such as cardiovascular system protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-tumor,liver protection,and neuroprotection activities.This research tends to give an overview of the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S.miltiorrhiza,aiming to reveal its potential value and provide reference for its further development.

不同垄作方式和种植密度对丹参产量与主要成分含量的影响

为探究不同栽培方式和生长时期对丹参根与地上部产量和主要活性成分含量的影响,本研究以紫花丹参为试验材料,采用小垄单行[三种密度:H1(8万株·hm^(-2))、H2(10万株·hm^(-2))、H3(13.3万株·hm^(-2))]与大垄双行[三种密度:H4(8万株·hm^(-2))、H5(10万株·hm^(-2))、H6(13.3万株·hm^(-2))]两种垄作方式,动态取样,测定并分析不同垄作方式、种植密度和生长时期的单株重、产量、主要活性成分含量及积累规律。结果表明,大垄双行丹参单株干重、产量、根的主要活性成分含量平均值均高于小垄单行。根的单株干重和产量的最佳处理分别为H5(48.09 g)、H4(5986.69 kg·hm^(-2)),均在11月19日最高;地上部单株干重和产量的最佳处理均为H4(50.34 g、6712.75 kg·hm^(-2)),均在10月14日最高。根中主要活性成分总含量(总丹参酮+总黄酮+总酚酸)在两种垄作方式下均呈“升-降-升”的变化趋势,最佳处理为H4(295.4 mg·g^(-1)),在9月7日最高;叶、茎中(总黄酮+总酚酸)总含量的最佳处理分别为H4(238.42 mg·g^(-1))、H6(122.43 mg·g^(-1)),均在10月14日最高;丹参酮ⅡA、丹参酮I、隐丹参酮和丹酚酸B四种活性成分总含量的最佳处理为H6(63.23 mg·g^(-1))。综上,大垄双行栽培方式优于小垄单行。本研究结果为丹参的合理种植及根与地上部综合开发利用提供了理论依据。

四种唇形科鼠尾草属园林地被植物抗旱性研究

以一年生的彩苞鼠尾草(Salvia viridis)、蓝花鼠尾草(Salvia farinacea)、红花鼠尾草(Salvia coccinea)、林下鼠尾草(Salvia nemorosa L.)实生苗为试材,采用缓慢干旱的方法,研究了其在特定条件下的叶片相对含水量、叶绿素(a+b)总含量、叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量和叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等指标的变化规律,以期为鼠尾草在兰州的引种、栽培和生态适应性提供参考依据。结果表明:4种鼠尾草的抗旱生理指标的变化并非完全一致,叶片相对含水量和叶绿素总含量整体上呈现下降的趋势;CAT活性呈上升的趋势;而MDA含量和SOD、POD活性呈现先升后降的趋势。利用模糊数学隶属函数法对4种鼠尾草抗旱能力进行综合评价,抗旱性能力强弱顺序为彩苞鼠尾草>红花鼠尾草>蓝花鼠尾草>林下鼠尾草。

鼠尾草属植物资源的分类研究进展

鼠尾草属(Salvia L.)全球约有1000个种,国外许多种已在药用、观赏、食用、精油和保健等诸多方面开发其价值。我国已发现84个种24个变种,资源丰富,但广泛栽培和应用的种质仅有供以药用的丹参(S.miltiorrhiza Bunge)。为促进该属植物在我国的高效开发和推广,本文在经典植物分类学基础上,依托本课题组10余年野外调查与栽培观测的扎实数据,重点针对鼠尾草的园艺学特性进行归纳分类与特点描述,包含用途、花期、花色、花大小、茎特征以及园林造型等6个方面。根据花期可分为春花(4-6月)、夏花(7-8月)和秋花类型(9-11月),花色包含紫色、蓝色、红色、粉色、黄色和白色系列。按照花朵大小分为小型(<1.5 cm)、中型(1.5~3.0 cm)、中大型(3.0~4.5 cm)和大型花种类(>4.5 cm)。株型主要为蔓生、丛生和直立类型,部分种质在园林造型方面的可塑性强。国内鼠尾草资源以春季花期、紫色和蓝色以及中(大)型花朵的丛生草本类型为主。本研究完善了鼠尾草属植物的应用分类体系,为我国鼠尾草属资源的深度开发和广泛应用提供参考。

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨丹参治疗冠心病和脑卒中的“异病同治”作用机制研究

目的:基于网络药理学及分子对接方法探讨丹参有效成分治疗冠心病和脑卒中“异病同治”的作用机制及关键靶点。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)、在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)、DrugBank等数据库筛选丹参治疗冠心病及脑卒中的潜在靶点,并通过Metascape在线平台进行靶点蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)、基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析,使用Cytoscape 3.9.1构建活性成分-关键靶点-核心通路网络,筛选出核心成分。采用分子对接模拟核心成分与关键靶点的结合程度。结果:筛选丹参治疗冠心病与脑卒中“异病同治”的潜在靶点52个,主要富集于糖基化终末产物/糖基化终末产物受体(AGE/RAGE)、血小板激活、脂质与动脉粥样硬化、流体剪应力与动脉粥样硬化等通路。核心药效成分与磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS3,eNOS)、B淋巴细胞瘤相关蛋白-2(Bcl-2)、环氧合酶2(PTGS2)、整合素亚基α2b(ITGA2B)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)等靶点结合稳定。结论:丹参“异病同治”冠心病与脑卒中主要通过抗血小板活化与聚集、保护心脑血管细胞、稳定斑块、减轻炎症等机制改善动脉粥样硬化,并存在靶点竞争及协同疗效的潜在可能。

荔枝草中乙酸乙酯层化学成分分析

目的:对荔枝草的乙酸乙酯层进行化学成分研究。方法:采用硅胶柱色谱、中压快速色谱和Sephadex-LH凝胶色谱等方法进行分离纯化,运用波谱手段、理化性质和文献对照进行各单体化合物的结构鉴定。结果:从荔枝草的乙酸乙酯层分离出2个单体化合物,分别鉴定为泽兰黄酮和高车前素。结论:采用中压色谱能从荔枝草乙酸乙酯萃取层中快速大量提取泽兰黄酮和高车前素,该方法省时、简便、高效,值得推广应用。

山楂丹参分散片的制备工艺研究

目的考察山楂丹参分散片最佳制备工艺。方法以丹参药材中丹参素钠、山楂药材中金丝桃苷为指标,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验设计,对丹参、山楂提取工艺开展研究;通过对山楂丹参分散片中填充剂、润湿剂、崩解剂的考察,以分散均匀度为考察指标,对山楂丹参分散片处方和工艺进行筛选。结果山楂丹参分散片的最佳制备工艺为取丹参药材,加10倍量水回流提取3次,每次2 h,取山楂药材,用10倍量75%乙醇回流提取2次,每次1 h,分别将药液浓度至1.0 g/mL,并通过AB-8型大孔吸附树脂柱洗脱、浓缩、干燥,将上述丹参、山楂提取物混匀,过80目筛,再分别加入微晶纤维素、硫酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠(过100目筛),混合均匀,以50%乙醇为黏合剂,24目筛制粒,60℃干燥。结论按最佳制备工艺制备的丹参、山楂提取物中丹参素钠、金丝桃苷含量较高;山楂丹参分散片在3 min内分散均匀,各项指标均符合2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(四部)规定,表明山楂丹参分散片制备工艺稳定可行,筛选处方合理,可进一步研发。

7576张含丹参-当归药对的门诊中药饮片处方回顾性分析

目的:了解江苏省中西医结合医院南部院区/南京市溧水区中医院(以下简称“该院”)含丹参-当归药对的门诊中药饮片处方情况,探究该药对的临床配伍应用规律,为该药对的合理使用提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析方法,统计2020—2022年该院使用丹参-当归药对的7576张门诊中药饮片处方,对患者的性别、年龄、处方药味数、金额、疗程、涉及科室及病症、使用剂量、常用的配伍比例及配伍饮片等相关内容进行统计分析。结果:7576张含丹参-当归药对的门诊中药饮片处方中,女性患者处方数约为男性患者处方数的3.21倍(5776张vs.1800张),>30~40岁患者居多。单张处方的中药饮片味数多集中在16~20味,开具的疗程均<30 d。丹参的使用剂量为《中华人民共和国药典》规定的10~15 g的处方有6490张,占85.67%;当归的使用剂量为《中华人民共和国药典》规定的6~12 g的处方有6608张,占87.22%。处方数排序居前3位的科室依次为国医堂、妇科及脑病科,治疗的病证以冲任失调、心脾两虚及气滞血瘀证为主。单张处方中丹参用量大于等于当归用量,丹参与当归的配伍比例以1∶1为多,高频配伍饮片为茯苓、川芎、炒白芍。结论:基于处方用药分析,该院含丹参-当归药对的门诊中药饮片处方基本合理,为丹参-当归药对的使用剂量范围及配伍规律研究提供了数据支持,有利于促进临床合理用药。

丹参-当归治疗缺血性脑卒中作用机制网络药理学研究

目的探讨丹参-当归治疗缺血性脑卒中(CIS)的潜在作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、Swiss TargetPrediction数据库获取丹参和当归的活性成分及作用靶点,并通过检索PubMed、中国知网相关文献进行补充;通过GeneCards、人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)、DisGeNET数据库获取CIS的潜在靶点;将丹参-当归治疗CIS的共有靶点导入String 11.0平台,构建活性成分与疾病靶点蛋白的蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建疾病-药物-活性成分-靶点可视化网络;将共有靶点导入DAVID数据库进行基因本体论(GO)功能富集和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,并利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建活性成分-核心靶点-通路网络;利用AutoDock软件对疾病-药物-活性成分-靶点网络中度值排名前6的核心靶点和活性成分进行分子对接验证。结果共检索到82种活性成分,其中丹参65个、当归17个,潜在作用靶点787个,疾病靶点671个,共有靶点76个。度值排名前6的活性成分为丹参醇B、丹参新醌D、木犀草素、阿魏酸、藁本内酯、丹参酮ⅡA,核心靶点为MAPK14,MAPK1,AKT1,PTGS2,EGFR,JAK2。共获得GO功能条目2545个,其中生物学过程2244个,细胞组成128个,分子功能173个,分别涉及对脂多糖的反应、膜筏、内肽酶活性等;KEGG信号通路152条,主要涉及PI3K-Akt信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化、钙信号通路等。分子对接结果证明了6种活性成分与其相应核心靶点均有较好的结合活性。结论丹参-当归治疗CIS具有多成分-多靶点-多通路的调控特点,其作用机制可能与抗炎、抗氧化应激、抗神经细胞凋亡、调节自噬功能等有关。

丹参多糖对碘乙酸钠所致大鼠膝骨性关节炎的治疗作用及机制研究

探讨丹参多糖对碘乙酸钠所致大鼠膝骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的治疗作用及潜在机制。采用膝关节腔内注射碘乙酸钠法建立大鼠KOA模型,分为模型组、丹参多糖低、高剂量组(40、80 mg/kg)及塞来昔布组(20 mg/kg),另选取12只大鼠作为假手术组,持续干预4周后检测相关指标变化情况。结果发现,与模型组比较,丹参多糖低、高剂量组大鼠爪压评分及步态评分明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),机械性缩足反射阈值(mechanical withdrawal threshold,MWT)及热缩足反射潜伏期(thermal withdrawal latency,TWL)明显增加(P<0.01),关节软骨组织病理形态减轻,Markin评分明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);血清软骨寡聚基质蛋白(cartilage oligomeric matrix protein,COMP)、血清Ⅰ型胶原C末端肽(C-terminal peptide of type I collagen,CTX-Ⅰ)含量及关节软骨组织半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-lymphoblastoma-2,Bcl-2)相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X protein,Bax)mRNA表达明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)含量及关节软骨组织Bcl-2 mRNA表达明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),关节滑液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6含量及关节软骨组织磷酸化丝裂原活化蛋白激酶p38(phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase p38,p-p38 MAPK)、磷酸化核因子-κB p65(phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65)蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。研究结果表明,丹参多糖对碘乙酸钠所致大鼠KOA具有治疗作用,其机制与改善骨代谢、抗凋亡及抑制MAPK/NF-κB信号通路介导的炎症反应有关。

沙参麦冬汤干预小细胞肺癌患者放射性肺损伤的作用与机制

目的探讨小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)合并放射性肺损伤患者应用沙参麦冬汤疗法对其血清转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)/Smad信号通路相关因子的影响及作用机制。方法选取接受放射治疗的104例SCLC合并放射性肺损伤患者,采用随机数字表法分为沙参麦冬汤干预组及常规治疗组,每组52例。常规治疗组予以常规西药治疗,沙参麦冬汤干预组在常规治疗组治疗的基础上加用沙参麦冬汤剂。观察2组的临床疗效,对比2组患者治疗前后的TGF-β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平,对比2组治疗前后身体机能状态量表(karnofsky performance scale,KPS)评分和临床-影像-生理(clinical-radiologicand physiological scale,CRP)评分,分析SCLC合并放射性肺损伤患者CRP评分与KPS评分的相关性。结果沙参麦冬汤干预组的临床治疗总有效率较常规治疗组明显升高(P<0.05);治疗后,2组血清TGF-β、TNF-α和IL-6水平均明显降低,且沙参麦冬汤干预组各指标较常规治疗组均明显降低(均P<0.05);2组KPS评分均明显升高,且沙参麦冬汤干预组高于常规治疗组(P<0.05);2组CRP评分均明显降低,且沙参麦冬汤干预组较常规治疗组明显降低(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,SCLC合并放射性肺损伤患者CRP评分与KPS评分呈明显负相关(P<0.05)。结论沙参麦冬汤干预疗法对改善SCLC患者放射性肺损伤疗效显著,有助于降低患者血清TGF-β、TNF-α和IL-6水平,对抑制机体炎性反应、改善患者生活质量等具有积极作用。

基于近红外光谱技术鉴别丹参产地及其伪品

目的探讨应用近红外光谱技术结合化学计量学算法对不同产地丹参及其伪品的鉴别效果。方法收集陕西、山东、四川、河北等9个产地的265批丹参样品,以及市场常见的续断、牛蒡根和甘西鼠尾3种丹参伪品61批,利用SabIR漫反射光纤探头采集样品粉末的近红外漫反射光谱,并采用多元散射校正、标准正则变换、S-G平滑、Norris平滑、一阶微分及二阶微分等对光谱进行预处理。应用TQ Analyst分析系统,采用主成分分析结合马氏距离的判别分析方法,确定主成分数,建立丹参产地鉴别和真伪鉴别模型,并采用四重交叉验证测试模型预测性能。结果采用MSC+一阶+Norris的光谱预处理方式,确定最佳主成分数为10,建立模型并经过验证,产地鉴别准确率达到98%以上,真伪鉴别准确率达到100%。结论该方法可快速、准确鉴别丹参产地及其伪品,是对现有丹参鉴别方法的科学补充。

胆汁酸诱导胃癌的发生机制及丹参提取物潜在作用的研究进展

胆汁反流可导致胃黏膜发生炎性反应、癌变。胆汁酸可以通过激活各种受体和信号通路来诱导胃癌的发生。传统中药丹参提取物可以起到预防胆汁酸诱导胃癌的作用。文章对近年来胆汁酸在胃癌发生中的作用机制进行分析,胃黏膜长时间暴露于胆汁酸中会导致黏膜损伤及炎性反应,导致慢性胃炎、肠化生、异型增生和胃癌;丹参提取物在预防和治疗胆汁酸诱导的胃癌中具有潜在优势,丹参素通过调节多种涉及炎症、氧化应激、DNA损伤和细胞凋亡的信号通路,可以预防胆汁反流引起胃炎和胃癌。