EFFECTS OF SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA BUNGE （SMB） ON LIPID PEROXIDATION OF CULTURED HUMAN FATAL HEPATOCYTES

The role of salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (SMB) In protection of lipid peroxidation induced by CCl4 was studied in primary cultured human fetal hepatocytes. The results showed that SMB had significant effect inhibiting lipid peroxidation of the hepatocytes when exposed to CCl4 as compared with the non-protective co4trol. SMB could decrease the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the release of ALT, and increase the synthesis of albumin (ALB) and the activity of Se-dependent glutothione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px). These results suggest that the suppression of lipid peroxidation may be largely due to the increased activity of Se-GSH-Px.

EFFECTS OF SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA BUNGE(SMB)ON LIPID PEROXIDATION AND PLASMA MEMBRANE FLUIDITY OF CULTURED HUMAN FETAL HEPATOCYTES INJURED BY CARBON TETRACHLORIDE

In order to investigate the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza hunge(SMB)on the plasma membrane fluidity and the relationship between the lipid peroxidation and the Plasma membrane fluidityin cultured human fetdal hepatocytes,the plasma membrane fluidity,using 1,6-dipheny-1,3,5-hexatriene(DPH)as a fluorescence probe, malondialdehyde(MDA)production as well as alanine aminotransferase(ALT)release of human fetal hepatocytes cultured in Presence of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)or SMB puls CCl4 were estimated. In the cultured hepatocytes injured by CCl4,significant increments of the MDA production and the ALT release,and significant decrease in the plasma membrane fluidity were observed.when the culture medium was supplied with SMB prior to the additionof CCl4,the CCl4 induced increments in MDA production and ALT release was suppressed signifi cantly and a concomitant raise of plasma membrane fluidity towards normal occurred.The resultssuggested that SMB could suppress the lipid peroxidation in bepatocytes,thereby normal membranefluidity might be retained.

Dynamic of Root Dry Weight of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge

ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the dynamic of root dry weight of Salvia miltiorrhiza to provide a basis for optimal management in field cultivation. MethodThe Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge seedlings were transplanted at three different dates November 26, 2009 （T 1 ）, March 9, 2010（T 2 ） and March 27, 2010（T 3 ）, and at three different densities 20 cm × 25 cm （D 1 ）, 25 cm × 25 cm （D 2 ）, 25 cm × 30 cm （D 3 ）. So a total of nine treatments were finally set. The samples were collected regularly for measuring the root dry weight and plotting the dynamic curves. Normalized root weight was fitted with CURVE EXPERT 1.3. ResultLogistic equation was the most superior equation, and estimated respectively two inflection points and length of fast growing time of S. miltiorrhiza. ConclusionThe fast-growing time of S. miltiorrhiza root was in 1 900 ℃·d to 2 200 ℃·d GDD.

Traditional Chinese medicine of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge: a review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge,known as red sage or Danshen,is commonly applied in Chinese herbal therapeutics for various biological effects.In 25-220 C.E.,the earliest Chinese Materia Medica referred to as Shengong’s Classic of Materia Medica(Eastern Han Dynasty of China,200 C.E.)initially documented Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.Currently,Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is one of the most frequently prescribed traditional Chinese medicines in clinics for antidiabetic,antianxiety,antihypertensive,antidepressant,antilipidemic,antiarrhythmic,and anticancer effects.Undoubtedly,it is best known for improving and promoting blood circulation;thus,its recommendation for use in cardiovascular disorders.Regarding this article,important information was sourced both manually and electronically using patent compendium and databases,including Google Scholar,herbal plant monographs,Hindawi,PubMed,Embase,CNKI,pharmacopoeias,Springer,etc.Well-concise details and discussions on the botany,traditional medicinal uses,chemical constituents-phytochemistry,pharmacokinetics,pharmacology,and toxicology information are presented.In perspective,understanding the comprehensive information of the above-stated fields with regards to Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge would yield an additional positive knowledge on areas that need urgent attention and identify gaps in research and safety for future consideration.

Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(S.miltiorrhiza),a perennial plant of the genus Salvia,is widely used in traditional folklore medicine.Previous chemical research on this plant contains diterpenoid quinones,phenolic acids,polysaccharides and other compounds.The pharmacological investigation of S.miltiorrhiza has shown that it has various pharmacological activities,such as cardiovascular system protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-tumor,liver protection,and neuroprotection activities.This research tends to give an overview of the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S.miltiorrhiza,aiming to reveal its potential value and provide reference for its further development.

PRIMARY STUDY ON MECHANISM OF COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION IN CULTURED HUMAN FETAL HEPATOCYTES PRETREATED BY SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA BUNGE

Objective The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (SMB) on collagen synthesis in the human fetal hepatocytes culture were studied. Methods The collagen synthesis of hepatocytes were stimulated by the addition of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) to the culture medium, the concentration of type procollagen (PC) in the culture medium and the hydroxyproline (Hyp) in hepatocytes were determined, as well as the activity of se dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se GSH Px) and the concentration of malondiadehyde (MDA) in the culture medium. Results A significant decrease in PC, Hyp and MDA production, and the significant increase in Se GSH Px activity were observed in the cultures pretreated with 1 g L -1 SMB for 4 hours compared with the untreated cultures. Analysis of the Se GSH Px/MDA ratio in SMB pretreated group showed more marked increase compared to that of the untreated group ( P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the ratio of Se GSH Px/MDA and the concentration of PC in SMB pretreated group ( r=-0.9017, P <0.01). Conclusion Our results indicate that SMB may suppress the collagen synthesis of cultured human fetal hepatocytes stimulated by CCl 4 , and its mechanism may be related to the increase in Se GSH Px/MDA ratio and the enhancement of hepatocytes antioxidation capability.

Effects of salvia miltiorrhiza bung （SMB） onosteoblast－like cell lin （clonal MC3T3－E1 cells）

Objective:To investigate the role of SMB on the growth , differentiation and metabolism of osteoblastlike cells in vitro, we studied the effects of SMB on DNA synthesis and alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) activity of the cloned osteoblast like cells-MC3T3-E1. Methods: The cells were cultured in α-MEM with 0. 3% of fetal bovine serum and treated with SMB at the concentration of 0. 1 - 10. 0 g/L. Results : There was no significant difference in DNA synthesis between the groups in different concentration of SMB and the group of control. But SMB increased ALPase activity in a concentration-dependent fashion in later stage of cells , and up to maximum at the level of 5. 0 g/L , in which concentration , ALPase activity was about 135 % greater than that of control. However ,ALPase activity was inhibited in early stage of cells by the addition of SMB. Conclusion : SMB has the stimulating effect on the activity of osteoblast-like cells in vitro, and may play an important role in accelerating the remodeling of bone in vivo as well.

Cardioprotective effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Lignum dalbergiae odoriferae on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Aim Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge （SM） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DO） are both traditional Chi- nese medicine that have cardioprotective effects. Here, we further examined the combined effects of SM and DO on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The possible mechanism of SM and DO also were elucidated. Methods DO was divided into aqueous extract of lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DOW） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae oil （DOO）. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to seven groups： sham group, model group, treatment groups inclu- ding SM （10 g · kg^-1）, DOW （5 g · kg^-1）, DOO （0.5 ml · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOW （10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 5 g · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOO （ 10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 0. 5 ml · kg^-1）. Rats were pretreated with homologous drug for 7 days and then subjec- ted to 30 rain of ischemia followed by 180 rain of reperfusion. Electrocardiogram （ECG） and heart rate were moni- tored and recorded continuously. At the end of reperfusion, blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Hearts were harvested to assess heart- body rate, infarct size and histopathological changes as well. Maximum and minimum effective points were deter- mined by measuring indicators associate with myocardial injury at different time-points of reperfusion （Smin, 15min, 30min, 45rain, 60min, 120min, 180min）. The potential therapeutic mechanism of SM and SM ＋ DOO were carried out by detecting superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-alpha） and interleukin 6 （IL-6）. Results The results showed SM and DO can ameliorate cardiac function respectively, and this cardioprotective effect was further strengthened by their combinations. Among all the combi- nations, SM ＋ DOO showed predominant potential to improve ECG and heart rate, reduce heart-body rate （28.5% ＋ 1.4% , P 〈 0.01 vs model） and myocardial infarct size （ 20.96% ＋ 1.61% , P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM） , attenuate histopathological damage, decrease the levels of CK-MB and LDH （P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM）. The maximum effective points of SM and SM ＋ DOO were 15min and 30rain respectively, and the minimum effective points of them were 180rain. In reducing serum level of MDA, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and increasing SOD activ- ity, SM ＋ DOO was similar to SM. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that SM ＋ DOO have combined effects that are highly effective than single pretreatment against myocardial ischemie reperfusion injury in rats. The possible mechanism of SM and DO were likely through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and thus may be an effective and promising medicine for both prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic heart disease.

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge as a Chinese medicinal material

Xu Cuihong, Shu Zhiming, Wang Yan, Miao Fang, Zhou ke. The accumulation rule of the main medicinal components in different organs of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. f. alba. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research, 2010, 21（09）： 2129-2132. Email： miaofangmf@ 163,com

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge used in traditional Chinese medicine

Chu Kedan, Ji Guolu, Shi Hong, Xie Weirong, Zhang Yuqin, Zhang Xiaoqin. Study of the alcohol extraction process of Shenhu granules. Strait Pharmaceutical Journal, 2011, 23（03）： 21-24. Email： chukd5917@ 163.com

Molecular mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Carthamus tinctorius L. in the treatment of myocardial ischemia based on network pharmacology: a comparative study

Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology,the similarities and differences of anti-myocardial ischemia mechanism between Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(SM)and Carthamus tinctorius L.(CT)were studied.Firstly,based on the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology(TCMSP),the related compounds of SM and CT were obtained,and the potential targets of these compounds were collected by the target fishing method.Genecards database was used to obtain targets related to myocardial ischemia.The cross targets of CT,SM,and myocardial ischemia were then selected,and the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed based on the STRING database.The cross targets were imported into the Metascape database for Gene Oncology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis.Cytoscape software was used to build the topological network diagram of the drug-compound-target path.Finally,the binding ability of the active ingredient and the key target was verified by molecular docking.65 active ingredients and 38 potential targets were screened from SM,and 22 active ingredients and 58 potential targets were excavated from CT.Important targets common to SM and CT were TNF,IL6,VEGFA,AKT1,etc.The common enrichment pathways involved are fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,IL-17 signaling pathway,pathways in cancer,and toxoplasmosis.The findings suggested that the two traditional Chinese medicines exerted the effect of myocardial ischemia through the characteristics of multiple targets,multiple pathways,and multiple compounds.

The anti-pulmonary fibrosis of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge: A systematic review

The characteristics of PF are diffuse alveolitis and disruption of alveolar structure leading to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.At the same time,pulmonary fibrosis reduces lung volume and restricts ventilation,ultimately leading to hypoxemia and respiratory failure.In clinical guidelines,Nintedanib or Pirfenidone is often used for treatment.However,the two drugs,although they may slow the progression of the disease,cannot stop,or reverse fibrosis and generally result in a variety of toxic side effects.In 184-220 A.D.,it was already recorded in Supplementary Records of Famous Physicians that the function of SMB was to invigorate blood circulation and disperse blood stasis.In modern medical research,the active ingredients of SMB have likewise been found to be used in treatments such as anti-fibrosis,anti-inflammatory,antithrombotic,antioxidant,microcirculatory improvement,and antineoplastic.In this review,a comprehensive search of the former literature on SMB and pulmonary fibers was conducted using databases including PubMed,CNKI,the National Science and Technology Library,Hindawi,Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,and the Scientific Network Database.Meanwhile,this review presents the mechanisms of the active ingredients in SMB which have anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects through the signal pathways,cytokines,inflammation response,oxidative stress,apoptosis,and matrix metalloproteinases.SMB could offer a direction for therapy for pulmonary fibrosis by identifying the possible active components and exploring the potential mechanisms.Those could provide a reference for further research and application of SMB in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

Studies on the comparative pharmacokinetic of three phenolic acids of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in normal and hyperlipidemic rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

The hydrophilic phenolic acid is the main component of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge against cardiovascular diseases.A validated and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method was established to simultaneously determinate three phenolic acids(danshensu,protocatechuic acid and rosmarinic acid)in rats to investigate their pharmacokinetic profiles firstly.The values for limit of quantification were in range of 0.25-1.25μg/L.Meanwhile,the suitable intra-day and inter-day precision as well as extraction recoveries were also obtained.And such an established method was finally successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetic behaviors of three phenolic acids in normal and hyperlipidemic rats after oral administration of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.The results showed there were significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between normal and hyperlipidemic groups.In especial,the plasma level of three phenolic acids in hyperlipidemic groups was significantly higher than normal ones.This comparative pharmacokinetic study provided direct evidence for improving clinical rational use of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.

Investigation on Genetic Characteristics of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. by Using cpSSR Technology

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic characteristics of Salvia miltiorrhiza by using cpSSR （chloroplast microsatellites） molecular marker method. [Method] Twelve pairs of SSR primers with ideal cpSSR amplification result, good repeatability and clear amplification bands were selected for cpSSR detection and analysis of S. miltiorrhiza samples from 31 sampling locations in 25 counties of 8 provinces in China. [Result] S. miltiorrhiza shows an overall medium level in the cytoplasmic inheritance （cpSSR） and varying degrees of differences in the regions. Based on Shannon’s Information index （I） and Nei’s genetic diversity index, the cytoplasmic genetic diversity in different provinces shows a decreasing order of Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Anhui. Genetic variations of S. miltiorrhiza in eight provinces were found mainly among populations. Gene flow among populations with in a province is less than that among different provinces. [Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis shows that S. miltiorrhiza cultivated in genuine producing areas and traditional main producing areas are mainly introduced from the local before introduction of some foreign germplasm resources during cultivation. The exchange of S. miltiorrhiza germplasm resources exists very early among genuine producing areas such as Sichuan, Shandong and Henan, while S. miltiorrhiza germplasm resources in new producing areas are mainly introduced from genuine producing areas. However, no geographical correlation was observed in the genetic differentiation, which further reveals that there is a wide range of genetic exchange among S. miltiorrhiza germplasm resources in China, resulting from the artificial introduction from allopatry.

Preliminary study on Salvia miltiorrhiza bung endophytic fungus

Objective To select the strains which can produce tanshinone ⅡA like its host plant Salvia miltiorrhiza bung.Methods A total of 50 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy,living and symptomless tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza bung,among which 29 strains were obtained from the root,14 from the stem,3 from the leaf,3 from the flower and 1 from the seed.Their antimicrobial activities against nine different bacteria,including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,were measured by Oxford plate agar diffusion bioassay.Results Our data showed that all but four strains had significant antibacterial activities on at least one indicator bacterium to some extent,and five strains(DR1,DR4,DR16,DR18 and DF2)manifested quite prominent antibacterial activities against certain pathogenic bacteria.In some degree,it might indicate that this endophytic fungus isolated from the tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza bung has a potential value as a natural antibacterial medicine as well.Thin layer chromatography(TLC)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)were carried out to test selected strains,both inside and outside of the cell to see if any strain can produce tanshinone ⅡA.The result showed that extracts from three strains,labeled as DR12(outside cell),DR21(inside cell)and DF3(inside cell),had a component with the same Rf value in TLC assay as that of authentic tanshinone ⅡA.The extract from DR12(outside cell)and DR21(inside cell)had a peak at retention time identical to that of authentic tanshinone ⅡA in HPLC.Conclusion The fungi appear to produce the bioactive compound tanshinone ⅡA,and they could be used to produce tanshinone ⅡA by fermentation.It provides a new way to synthesize this natural medicine.

Effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bung on the formation of osteoclastlike cells in mouse bone marrow culture

Objective:To studytheeffectsof SalviaMiltiorrhizaBung(SMB)on theformationof osteoclast-likecellsin vitro.Methods:Mousebonemarrowcellswereculturedwithα-MEMandexposedto SMB(1.0g/L),PGE 2 (1×10 -7 mol/L)or1.25(OH) 2 D 3 (1×10 -8 mol/L)only,andSMB+PGE 2 ,SMB+1.25(OH) 2 D 3 for8d respectively.Tatrate-resistant acidphosphatase(TRACP)-positivecellsweredetectedwithBurstonemethod.Results:Thenumberof TRACPpositive cells(mononuclearcellsonly)ingroupof SMBwas29.8%of thatof thecontrol,thatingroupof combinationof SMB withPGE 2 was35.2%of thatof groupPGE 2 alone,andthatingroupof SMBplus1.25(OH) 2 D 3 was39.3%of thatof group1.25(OH) 2 D 3 alone.SMBinhibitedtheTRACP-positivecellsformationonlyat theconcentrationof1.0g/L,whichwere notonlyinmononuclearcellsbutalsoinmultinuclearcells.In addition,TRACP-positivecellsinthegroupsof1.25(OH) 2 D 3 or PGE 2 were6.68and6.04timesrespectivelyas thatof thecontrols.Conclu sion:SMBhastheinhibitingeffectson osteoclast-likecellsformation,bothosteoclastsandtheirprecursors.

铬胁迫对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响

为了明确重金属铬胁迫对丹参种子萌发、幼苗生长与生理指标的影响,采用不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200、250 mg/L)K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)处理丹参种子,测定种子发芽率和幼苗根长、苗鲜质量、叶绿素含量及抗逆酶活性等指标。结果表明,丹参种子发芽率及幼苗根长、苗鲜质量、叶绿素含量均随着Cr^(6+)浓度增加而下降;随着Cr^(6+)浓度增加,丹参幼苗POD活性显著升高,CAT活性先升高后降低,SOD活性逐渐下降,Pro和MDA含量增加。研究表明,Cr^(6+)对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长有显著的胁迫和毒害作用,幼苗根的生长受Cr^(6+)胁迫最为严重。

基于转录组学测序探讨西洋参、丹参配伍对心肌梗死后大鼠心肌缺血的影响

目的:运用转录组学测序探讨西洋参、丹参治疗心肌梗死后心肌缺血的作用靶点。方法:通过结扎左冠状动脉前降支构建心肌梗死大鼠模型。将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组(MOD组,等量蒸馏水)、西洋参+丹参低剂量组[XD-L组,西洋参1.5 g/(kg·d)+丹参4.5 g/(kg·d)]、西洋参+丹参高剂量组[XD-H组,西洋参3 g/(kg·d)+丹参9 g/(kg·d)]、ACEI组[培哚普利0.84 mg/(kg·d)];并以假手术大鼠作为对照组(CON组,等量蒸馏水),每组6只,连续灌胃4周。采用超声心动图测定大鼠心功能;苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠心肌组织病理改变。采用转录组学测序筛选西洋参、丹参治疗心肌梗死后缺血区的差异表达基因(DEGs),并对DEGs进行基因本体(GO)、京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析。结果:西洋参、丹参可改善心肌梗死后大鼠心功能,减轻心肌组织病理损伤。转录组学测序结果表明,与CON组比较,MOD组大鼠12个基因上调,13个基因下调。西洋参、丹参回调了MOD组的6个基因。DEGs主要富集在三羧酸(TCA)循环、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/AKT)等信号通路;与免疫炎症反应、细胞凋亡、血管新生等有关。结论:西洋参、丹参可能通过上调Wnt4表达,抑制细胞凋亡和炎症反应,从而改善心肌梗死后大鼠心功能。

寄主植物丹参对檀香幼苗生长的影响

目的:研究丹参作为寄主植物对檀香幼苗生长的影响。方法:设置檀香空白对照组(TXCK)、檀香+假蒿寄生组(TXJH)、檀香+丹参寄生组(TXDS)3个不同处理组,测定檀香幼苗的生物量、叶绿素含量、生化组分和土壤营养成分等指标。结果:TXDS组的株高、根长、吸器直径均显著高于TXJH组(P<0.05),是TXJH组的1.32~1.82倍。TXDS组的叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素总量均显著高于TXJH组(P<0.05),为TXJH组的1.41~1.49倍。TXDS组地上部分SOD和可溶性糖含量最高,但与TXJH组无显著差异;TXDS组地下部分SOD、可溶性糖含量显著高于TXCK、TXJH组(P<0.05);TXCK组地下部分蛋白含量显著高于TXDS组(P<0.05)。TXCK组全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均显著高于TXDS组(P<0.05),是TXDS组的1.44~1.73倍,但与TXJH组无显著差异,TXCK组全钾含量为1.94%,显著高于TXJH组(P<0.05),是TXJH组的1.60倍,但与TXDS组无显著差异。结论:寄主植物丹参能更好地促进檀香的生长,提高其光合作用,增加营养物质含量,促进对土壤营养成分的吸收,是檀香幼苗期的优良寄主植物,为栽培檀香寄主植物的选择提供了参考。

四川道地药材丹参适宜干燥加工方式优选研究

为了探索出川产道地药材丹参最适宜的干燥加工方法,本文研究了丹参摊晾—烘烤—摊晾循环加工工艺、鲜品直接烘干、鲜品摊晾12 h再烘干、直接阴干等干燥加工方式对丹参主要化学成分丹酚酸B和丹参酮类含量的影响。结果表明:不同加工方法对丹参水溶性成分丹酚酸B含量有显著影响,以丹参鲜品40℃直接烘干的初加工工艺效果最佳;直接阴干处理对丹参酮类含量的保存更有利。总体而言,从药效成分的保留、节约成本等方面综合考虑,四川丹参的现代产地初加工方法采用低温(40~50℃)烘干方法较为适宜。