目的:探究协同护理模式(Collaboration Care Model,CCM)对鼻畸形术后患者鼻腔清洁依从性的影响。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择笔者医院2017年1月-2017年12月收治的行鼻畸形术术后患者72例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组36例,其中对照组患者...目的:探究协同护理模式(Collaboration Care Model,CCM)对鼻畸形术后患者鼻腔清洁依从性的影响。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择笔者医院2017年1月-2017年12月收治的行鼻畸形术术后患者72例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组36例,其中对照组患者按照常规护理模式,研究组患者则按照协同护理模式进行干预。比较两组患者鼻腔清洁依从性,清洁效果及对护理的满意度。结果:干预后,观察组完全依从21例,大部分时间能做到10例,一半时间能做到5例,无做不到病患,而对照组完全依从10例,大部分时间能做到11例,一半时间能做到11例,偶尔做到4例,观察组患者鼻腔清洁依从性优于对照组(χ2=10.201,P=0.017)。观察组鼻腔护理效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.571,P<0.05)。结论:协同护理模式进行干预可明显提高鼻畸形术后患者鼻腔清洁依从性,值得临床推广和应用。展开更多
High-resolution and detailed regional soil spatial distribution information is increasingly needed for ecological modeling and land resource management. For areas with no point data, regional soil mapping includes two...High-resolution and detailed regional soil spatial distribution information is increasingly needed for ecological modeling and land resource management. For areas with no point data, regional soil mapping includes two steps： soil sampling and soil mapping. Because sampling over a large area is costly, efficient sampling strategies are required. A multi-grade representative sampling strategy, which designs a small number of representative samples with different representative grades to depict soil spatial variations at different scales, could be a potentially efficient sampling strategy for regional soil mapping. Additionally, a suitable soil mapping approach is needed to map regional soil variations based on a small number of samples. In this study, the multi-grade representative sampling strategy was applied and a fuzzy membership-weighted soil mapping approach was developed to map soil sand percentage and soil organic carbon （SOC） at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths in a study area of 5 900 km2 in Anhui Province of China. First, geographical sub-areas were delineated using a parent lithology data layer. Next, fuzzy c-means clustering was applied to two climate and four terrain variables in each stratum. The clustering results （environmental cluster chains） were used to locate representative samples. Evaluations based on an independent validation sample set showed that the addition of samples with lower representativeness generally led to a decrease of root mean square error （RMSE）. The declining rates of RMSE with the addition of samples slowed down for 20-40 cm depth, but fluctuated for 0-20 cm depth. The predicted SOC maps based on the representative samples exhibited higher accuracy, especially for soil depth 20-40 cm, as compared to those based on legacy soil data. Multi-grade representative sampling could be an effective sampling strategy at a regional scale. This sampling strategy, combined with the fuzzy membership-based mapping approach, could be an optional effective framework for regional soil property mapping. A more detailed and accurate soft parent material map and the addition of environmental variables representing human activities would improve mapping accuracy.展开更多
文摘目的:探究协同护理模式(Collaboration Care Model,CCM)对鼻畸形术后患者鼻腔清洁依从性的影响。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择笔者医院2017年1月-2017年12月收治的行鼻畸形术术后患者72例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组36例,其中对照组患者按照常规护理模式,研究组患者则按照协同护理模式进行干预。比较两组患者鼻腔清洁依从性,清洁效果及对护理的满意度。结果:干预后,观察组完全依从21例,大部分时间能做到10例,一半时间能做到5例,无做不到病患,而对照组完全依从10例,大部分时间能做到11例,一半时间能做到11例,偶尔做到4例,观察组患者鼻腔清洁依从性优于对照组(χ2=10.201,P=0.017)。观察组鼻腔护理效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.571,P<0.05)。结论:协同护理模式进行干预可明显提高鼻畸形术后患者鼻腔清洁依从性,值得临床推广和应用。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41471178, 41530749, and 41431177)the State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, China (No. Y052010002)+2 种基金the Natural Science Research Program of Jiangsu, China (No. 14KJA170001)the National Key Technology Innovation Project for Water Pollution Control and Remediation, China (No. 2013ZX07103006)the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (No. 2015CB954102)
文摘High-resolution and detailed regional soil spatial distribution information is increasingly needed for ecological modeling and land resource management. For areas with no point data, regional soil mapping includes two steps： soil sampling and soil mapping. Because sampling over a large area is costly, efficient sampling strategies are required. A multi-grade representative sampling strategy, which designs a small number of representative samples with different representative grades to depict soil spatial variations at different scales, could be a potentially efficient sampling strategy for regional soil mapping. Additionally, a suitable soil mapping approach is needed to map regional soil variations based on a small number of samples. In this study, the multi-grade representative sampling strategy was applied and a fuzzy membership-weighted soil mapping approach was developed to map soil sand percentage and soil organic carbon （SOC） at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths in a study area of 5 900 km2 in Anhui Province of China. First, geographical sub-areas were delineated using a parent lithology data layer. Next, fuzzy c-means clustering was applied to two climate and four terrain variables in each stratum. The clustering results （environmental cluster chains） were used to locate representative samples. Evaluations based on an independent validation sample set showed that the addition of samples with lower representativeness generally led to a decrease of root mean square error （RMSE）. The declining rates of RMSE with the addition of samples slowed down for 20-40 cm depth, but fluctuated for 0-20 cm depth. The predicted SOC maps based on the representative samples exhibited higher accuracy, especially for soil depth 20-40 cm, as compared to those based on legacy soil data. Multi-grade representative sampling could be an effective sampling strategy at a regional scale. This sampling strategy, combined with the fuzzy membership-based mapping approach, could be an optional effective framework for regional soil property mapping. A more detailed and accurate soft parent material map and the addition of environmental variables representing human activities would improve mapping accuracy.
