Allelopathic Effect of Achillea （Achillea santolina） on Germination and Growth of Crop Plants

In order to investigate the likely allelopathic potential of an aqueous extract and powder of Achillea （,4chillea santolina） on the germination and seedling growth of pea （Cicer arietinum）, safflower （Carthamus tinctorius L.） and wheat （Triticum sativum）, an experiment was carried out at the laboratory and greenhouse of agriculture faculty of Sho3hid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran, from October 2009 to March 2010. A completely randomized design with three replicates using five extract concentrations of achillea plant including 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g Ll and four amounts of powder of it including 0, 7.5, 15 and 30 g kg1 of soil was employed in laboratory and greenhouse experiments, respectively. All extract concentrations of achillea except 25 g Ll inhibited pea and wheat seed germination significantly, but had no inhibitory effect on the germination of safflower, The powder of mature achillea plants affected the fresh and dry weight and shoots length in these crops negatively compared with the control in all levels. Therefore use of this plant should be prevented in rotation or intercropping with these three crop plants. Further research conducted in the analytical laboratory as well as in the field is needed before a practical application of the extract and powder as weed inhibiting agent can be recommended.

Chemical composition,antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Santolina chamaecyparissus L.of Algeria

Objective:To investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Santolina chamaecyparissus L.cultivated in Algeria.Methods:The chemical composition of hydrodistilled essential oil from flowering aerial parts has been analyzed by gas chromatograph and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer techniques.The antioxidant activities conducted by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging test andβ-carotene bleaching test.The antimicrobial activity was realised by agar disc diffusion method and cornell medical index was determined by agar dilution method in solid medium.Results:About 36 components accounting more than 82%of the total oil were identified.Oxygenated monoterpenes was the main fraction(54.66%)and was represented by artemisia ketone(40.33%)as major component of this oil.The other major constituents were(Z)-thujone(9.82%),(2Z,6E)-farnesol(7.30%)and limonene(6.87%)and concerning antiradical scavenging test(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)had demonstrated a weak activity obtained with an EC_(50) of(43.01±8.04)and moderate activity for β-carotene bleaching test(47.00±3.13)at 120 min.In the other hand,this oil was found effective against all tested strains except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus species.This activity was ranging from 10 mm to 24 mm with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration value between under 0.070μg/mL to upper 9μg/mL.Conclusions:The results provided evidence that the studied plant might indeed be potential sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

上海崇明岛银灰菊花期精油成分分析

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取植株精油,用GC和GC-MS鉴定其化学成分,对种植于上海崇明岛的银灰菊(Santolina chamaecyparissus L.)花期精油含油率及成分的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:银灰菊在初花期、盛花期、末花期,精油含有率分别为:1.45、2.05、1.38 mL·kg-1鲜重,盛花期精油含量最高。研究鉴定出25种精油成分,主要为酮类、萜烯类和醇类物质。精油主成分为蒿酮(19.39%～24.02%)、Vulgarone(16.16%～22.23%)、β-水芹烯(13.56%～18.08%)、月桂烯(9.00%～12.11%)、桧烯(3.50%～4.78%)、β-蒎烯(3.58%～4.07%)。整个花期精油成分物质没有发生显著变化,而各成分的相对含有率变化明显。

银香菊组培快繁技术研究

以银香菊的茎尖和茎段为外植体,研究了不同浓度6-BA和NAA外源激素配比组合对其离体培养的影响。结果表明:银香菊组培快繁适宜的诱导培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,分化率达到94.4%;增殖培养基为S+6-BMS+6-BA0.2 mg/L+NAA0.05 mg/L或S+6-BA0.5 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L增殖率达到5.5以上;生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA0.1 mg/L,生根快,根系发达。