Glycerolipid Profiling of Yellow Sarson Seeds Using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Triple Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Yellow sarson(Brassica rapa ssp. trillocularis) is an important rapeseed-mustard species of Brassica rapa due to its high seed oil content. Glycerolipids and fatty acid composition affect seed germination and determine the quality of seed oil. To date, no information is available on the composition of individual glycerolipids in this species. Therefore, in this study the glycerolipid profiling of yellow sarson seeds was performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS).A fast and efficient chromatographic separation of glycerolipids was accomplished based on an UPLCTMBEH C8 column within 22 min.In ESI positive ion mode, TOF-MS scan-information dependent acquisition-product ion scan was carried out to acquire both high resolution MS and MS/MS information from one injection. According to MS/MS spectra, predominant fragmentation patterns of glycerolipids were elucidated in detail. Based on retention time, accurate mass, isotopic distribution, and fragmentation patterns, the composition of 144 glycerolipids and fatty acids were finally identified in yellow sarson seeds, including 77 triacylglycerols, 32 diacylglycerols, 18sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerols, 5 monogalactosyl-diaclyglycerols, and 12 digalactosyl-diacylglycerols. Of them, the most abundant glycerolipids in yellow sarson seeds were triacylglycerols, the major storage form of seed oil in plants. In addition, diacylglycerols were found as a minor component of glycerolipids. The lowest amounts of glycerolipids detected in seeds were glycosyl-acylglycerols. The results revealed the composition and relative content of glycerolipids in yellow sarson seeds, which will provide a more comprehensive assessment of the quality of seed oil and also help to select functional cultivars with higher beneficial glycerolipids. This profiling method has the advantages of high throughput, high sensitivity and good accuracy, which will provide a reliable analysis platform for glycerolipids metabolism in plants.

黄籽沙逊与黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥种间杂种的鉴定

为了把黄籽沙逊的黄籽性状同埃塞俄比亚芥菜的优良特性相结合,在对黄籽沙逊和黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥菜种间远缘杂交的基础上,开展了对种间杂种的形态鉴定、染色体倍性检测、根尖染色体制片和分子标记鉴定研究。形态学鉴定结果表明,黄籽沙逊和埃塞俄比亚芥菜真杂种外观明显不同于其父母本,处于中间类型,更多偏向于父本黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥。总共对11株黄籽沙逊与黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥菜种间杂种后代的倍性进行了检测,流式细胞仪分析结果表明,阳性植株DNA相对含量(主峰位置125)明显小于对照黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥DNA相对含量(主峰位置200),大于亲本黄籽沙逊DNA相对含量(主峰位置75)。细胞学鉴定结果表明,真杂种植株染色体为27条,为黄籽沙逊(AA,2n=20)和黄籽埃塞俄比亚芥菜(BBCC,2n=34)的单倍体染色体相加之和。分子标记鉴定结果表明,真杂种既有父本也有母本的特异性条带。以上均证实了所获得种间杂种的真实性,其包含了双亲中的遗传信息。所获得的含有芸薹属A、B和C 3个亚基因组的种间杂种可作为育种的中间材料应用到甘蓝型油菜的遗传育种研究,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

羽衣甘蓝和白菜型油菜硫代葡萄糖苷超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱分析方法

利用超高效液相色谱—飞行时间质谱(UHPLC–Triple–TOF–MS)技术建立了羽衣甘蓝等蔬菜中硫代葡萄糖苷(Glucosinolate,简称硫苷)的分析方法。蔬菜样品采用70%甲醇提取,采用UPLC BEH C_(18)反相色谱柱,乙腈—水(均含0.1%甲酸)流动相系统,10 min快速梯度洗脱;在电喷雾质谱负离子模式下采用飞行时间质谱全扫描—信息关联采集—子离子扫描(TOF–MS scan–IDA–Product ion scan)复合扫描模式,1次进样分析可同时获得硫苷的一级质谱和二级质谱信息;基于TOF–MS的高分辨率性能,得到硫苷分子、离子和碎片离子的精确质荷比,大大提高硫苷定性分析的准确性。将建立的分析方法应用于白菜型油菜Yellow Sarson的种子和羽衣甘蓝的叶片组织,分别鉴定出24和15种硫苷,表明本方法具有灵敏度高、准确度高和高通量等优点,适合于十字花科蔬菜中硫苷的分析。

白菜型油菜黄籽沙逊和芥蓝种间杂交合成甘蓝型油菜研究

人工合成甘蓝型油菜是拓宽油菜遗传育种种质资源的有效途径,也是研究芸薹属物种起源与演化的重要手段之一。为了把黄籽沙逊的黄籽性状同芥蓝的优良特性相结合,本研究利用白菜型油菜黄籽沙逊(Brassica. campestris var. Yellow Sarson Pain, 2n=AA=20)与芥蓝(Brassica albograbra, 2n=CC=18)开展了芸薹属种间杂交研究,在MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+7%蔗糖+活性炭1.0 mg/L的培养基上,通过胚珠培养从授粉7 d的140个胚珠中得到6个远缘杂交胚发育而成的植株,其中1个自然加倍成为双二倍体,随后应用形态学、细胞学和分子标记的方法对双二倍体种间杂种植株进行了鉴定,结果表明杂种植株生长势较强,形态属于中间类型;根尖染色体压片观察显示杂种植株具有父母本的染色体数量之和;SSR分子标记分析表明,杂种植株包含了双亲的遗传信息,由此证明了所获杂种的真实性,这为最后自交分离获得黄籽甘蓝型油菜提供了科学依据。