风云四号A星(FY-4A)上搭载的干涉式红外探测仪(GIIRS)是首个地球静止轨道上的红外高光谱大气探测仪,它可以提供连续的三维大气温度和水汽的观测,通过追踪水汽的移动可以反演得到不同高度的大气水平风场。本研究利用台风玛丽亚(2018年)期...风云四号A星(FY-4A)上搭载的干涉式红外探测仪(GIIRS)是首个地球静止轨道上的红外高光谱大气探测仪,它可以提供连续的三维大气温度和水汽的观测,通过追踪水汽的移动可以反演得到不同高度的大气水平风场。本研究利用台风玛丽亚(2018年)期间FY-4A加密观测(15分钟间隔)的GIIRS数据开展晴空和部分云区的三维水平风场算法研究,重点研究如何联合同一卫星平台的多光谱成像仪(AGRI)改进GIIRS部分云视场区的三维风场反演结果。利用ERA5独立测试集、CRA40再分析和空投探空数据开展对晴空和云区的三维风场反演结果的检验,基于该个例的反演结果表明:(1)基于GIIRS亮温信息反演得到对流层水平风场,在晴空区均方根误差小于1.5 m s^(-1),方向绝对差基本在15°左右,在部分云视场区,均方根误差为1.5~1.7 m s^(-1),方向绝对差基本在20°左右。与光流法相比,基于GIIRS亮温的直接反演表现出更好的优势,其均方根误差和方向绝对差明显小于光流法的结果。(2)按云量和云顶高度分类后,表现出云量越多、云顶高度越高则RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)越大。在部分云视场区,进一步在反演模型输入中加入来自同平台上成像仪(AGRI)云量和云高信息后,RMSE有所减小,表明更高空间分辨率的AGRI产品可以改进GIIRS部分云覆盖区的风场反演精度。(3)基于GIIRS亮温信息反演的风廓线与CRA40再分析、空投探测风廓线有较好的一致性,表明利用静止卫星红外高光谱大气探测仪观测亮温反演风场的合理性和可行性。展开更多
In order to improve the operational application ability of the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)new sounding dataset,in this paper,validation of the FY-4A Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(FY-4A/GIIRS)temperature was ca...In order to improve the operational application ability of the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)new sounding dataset,in this paper,validation of the FY-4A Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(FY-4A/GIIRS)temperature was carried out using the balloon sounding temperature from meteorological sounding stations.More than 350,000 samples were obtained through time–space matching,and the results show that the FY-4A/GIIRS temperature mean bias(MB)is 0.07°C,the mean absolute error(MAE)is 1.80°C,the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 2.546°C,and the correlation coefficient(RR)is 0.95.The FY-4A/GIIRS temperature error is relatively larger in the upper and lower troposphere,and relatively smaller in the middle troposphere;that is,the temperature at 500 hPa is better than that at 850 hPa.The temporal variation is smaller in the upper and middle troposphere than in the lower troposphere.The reconstruction of missing data of FY-4A/GIIRS temperature in cloudy areas is also carried out and the results are evaluated.The spatial distribution of reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature and the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis(ERA5)data is consistent and completely retains the minimum temperature center with high precision of FY-4A/GIIRS.There are more detailed characteristics of intensity and position at the cold center than that of the reanalysis data.Therefore,an operational satellite retrieval temperature product with time–space continuity and high accuracy is formed.The reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature is used to monitor a strong cold wave event in November 2021.The results show that the product effectively monitors the movement and intensity of cold air activities,and it also has good indication for the phase transition of rain and snow triggered by cold wave.展开更多
文摘风云四号A星(FY-4A)上搭载的干涉式红外探测仪(GIIRS)是首个地球静止轨道上的红外高光谱大气探测仪,它可以提供连续的三维大气温度和水汽的观测,通过追踪水汽的移动可以反演得到不同高度的大气水平风场。本研究利用台风玛丽亚(2018年)期间FY-4A加密观测(15分钟间隔)的GIIRS数据开展晴空和部分云区的三维水平风场算法研究,重点研究如何联合同一卫星平台的多光谱成像仪(AGRI)改进GIIRS部分云视场区的三维风场反演结果。利用ERA5独立测试集、CRA40再分析和空投探空数据开展对晴空和云区的三维风场反演结果的检验,基于该个例的反演结果表明:(1)基于GIIRS亮温信息反演得到对流层水平风场,在晴空区均方根误差小于1.5 m s^(-1),方向绝对差基本在15°左右,在部分云视场区,均方根误差为1.5~1.7 m s^(-1),方向绝对差基本在20°左右。与光流法相比,基于GIIRS亮温的直接反演表现出更好的优势,其均方根误差和方向绝对差明显小于光流法的结果。(2)按云量和云顶高度分类后,表现出云量越多、云顶高度越高则RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)越大。在部分云视场区,进一步在反演模型输入中加入来自同平台上成像仪(AGRI)云量和云高信息后,RMSE有所减小,表明更高空间分辨率的AGRI产品可以改进GIIRS部分云覆盖区的风场反演精度。(3)基于GIIRS亮温信息反演的风廓线与CRA40再分析、空投探测风廓线有较好的一致性,表明利用静止卫星红外高光谱大气探测仪观测亮温反演风场的合理性和可行性。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42175014)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3900400).
文摘In order to improve the operational application ability of the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)new sounding dataset,in this paper,validation of the FY-4A Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(FY-4A/GIIRS)temperature was carried out using the balloon sounding temperature from meteorological sounding stations.More than 350,000 samples were obtained through time–space matching,and the results show that the FY-4A/GIIRS temperature mean bias(MB)is 0.07°C,the mean absolute error(MAE)is 1.80°C,the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 2.546°C,and the correlation coefficient(RR)is 0.95.The FY-4A/GIIRS temperature error is relatively larger in the upper and lower troposphere,and relatively smaller in the middle troposphere;that is,the temperature at 500 hPa is better than that at 850 hPa.The temporal variation is smaller in the upper and middle troposphere than in the lower troposphere.The reconstruction of missing data of FY-4A/GIIRS temperature in cloudy areas is also carried out and the results are evaluated.The spatial distribution of reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature and the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis(ERA5)data is consistent and completely retains the minimum temperature center with high precision of FY-4A/GIIRS.There are more detailed characteristics of intensity and position at the cold center than that of the reanalysis data.Therefore,an operational satellite retrieval temperature product with time–space continuity and high accuracy is formed.The reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature is used to monitor a strong cold wave event in November 2021.The results show that the product effectively monitors the movement and intensity of cold air activities,and it also has good indication for the phase transition of rain and snow triggered by cold wave.
