经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检在前列腺癌诊断中的价值

目的：探讨经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检在前列腺癌诊断中的价值。方法按不同水平PSA（4.0~10.0ng/ml、10.0~20.0ng/ml、〉20.0ng/ml）比较经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检及经直肠前列腺穿刺活检的阳性率。对比经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检及经直肠前列腺穿刺活检术后肉眼血尿、发热、尿潴留、血便（直肠出血）、血管迷走神经反射、会阴不适（肿胀、出血）等并发症的发生率。结果与经直肠前列腺穿刺活检相比，经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检在PSA不同区间内阳性率明显升高，PSA〈20.0ng/ml的患者阳性率提高尤为明显。通过阳性率的比较，经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检的阳性率较经直肠前列腺穿刺活检阳性率明显升高，差异具有统计学意义。经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检术后肉眼血尿、发热及尿潴留等并发症的发生率低。结论经会阴前列腺饱和穿刺活检可以明显提高前列腺穿刺活检的阳性率，尤其对PSA〈20.0ng/ml的患者，阳性率提高更明显，且并发症发生率低，是一种安全有效的前列腺癌诊断方法。

海塔盆地饱和烃气相色谱资料解释标准的建立及应用

海塔盆地是大庆油田勘探的重点区块，由于饱和烃气相色谱资料的应用还仅局限于色谱图形态特征的直接定性判断，在一定程度上影响了录井综合解释符合率，使得该地区油水层解释的难度较大。通过对原有饱和烃气相色谱资料进行定量化处理，结合试油资料，建立了饱和烃气相色谱定量解释标准，新解释标准在2009年海塔盆地的探井评价井解释中全面推广应用。结果表明：单项资料符合率达到81．8％，录井综合解释符合率由90．0％提升至93．5％，应用效果较好。该解释标准的应用为试油、压裂选层提供了更加详实可靠的数据。

In-situ observation for formation and dissociation of carbon dioxide hydrate in porous media by magnetic resonance imaging

The study of formation and dissociation of CO 2 hydrate in porous media was characterized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system in in situ conditions. This work simulated porous media by using glass beads of uniform size. The growth and dissociation habit of CO2 hydrate was observed under different temperature and pressure conditions. The induction time and the hydrate saturation during the growth and dissociation process in different sizes of porous media were obtained by using the MRI signal intensity. The results indicate that hydrate growth rate and the induction time are affected by the size of porous media, pressure, and degree of supercooling. There are three hydrate growth stages, i.e., initial growth stage, rapid growth stage and steady stage. In this study,the CO2 hydrate forms preferentially at the surface of vessel and then gradually grows inward. The hydrate tends to cement the glass beads together and occupies the pore gradually. As the hydrate decomposes gradually, the dissociation rate increases to the maximum and then decreases to zero.