Natural resource scarcity,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions are critical issues that require immediate attention.With the global population steadily increasing and economies expanding,t...Natural resource scarcity,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions are critical issues that require immediate attention.With the global population steadily increasing and economies expanding,the demand for natural resources,particularly fossil fuels,has experienced an unprecedented surge.This surge in consumption is directly linked to the alarming rise in greenhouse gas emissions.The study examines the nexus between agricultural nitrous oxide emissions and natural resource scarcity,taking into account the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,fishing value addition,fossil fuels,and total greenhouse gas emissions in top-emitting countries between 1971 and 2020.Natural resource scarcity positively correlates with agriculture,forestry,fishing,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions.There is a decrease in natural resource scarcity in countries that emit agricultural nitrous oxide,forestry,fishing emissions,fossil fuel energy consumption,and greenhouse gas emissions.Policy-makers may promote sustainable development,mitigate climate change,and ensure the longterm viability of agricultural systems by addressing the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,and fishing value addition in top-emitting countries.Through strategic policy interventions,supported by technology transfer,capacity building,and market-based instruments,the agricultural,forestry,and fishing sector can achieve a more sustainable future while addressing the challenges of natural resource scarcity.展开更多
Water scarcity is a challenge in many arid and semi-arid regions; this may lead to a series of environmental problems and could be stressed even further by the effects from climate change. This study focused on the wa...Water scarcity is a challenge in many arid and semi-arid regions; this may lead to a series of environmental problems and could be stressed even further by the effects from climate change. This study focused on the water resource management in Shanshan County, an inland arid region located in northwestern China with a long history of groundwater overexploitation. A model of the supply and demand system in the study area from 2006 to2030, including effects from global climate change,was developed using a system dynamics(SD)modeling tool. This SD model was used to 1) explore the best water-resource management options by testing system responses under various scenarios and2) identify the principal factors affecting the responses, aiming for a balance of the groundwater system and sustainable socio-economic development.Three causes were identified as primarily responsible for water issues in Shanshan: low water-use efficiency low water reuse, and increase in industrial waterdemand. To address these causes, a combined scenario was designed and simulated, which was able to keep the water deficiency under 5% by 2030. The model provided some insights into the dynamic interrelations that generate system behavior and the key factors in the system that govern water demand and supply. The model as well as the study results may be useful in water resources management in Shanshan and may be applied, with appropriate modifications, to other regions facing similar water management challenges.展开更多
A selective review of the literature demonstrates the difficulty in defining‘vernacular architecture’.Recent studies have presented an overly narrow,single-sided,or even unacceptable image of the topic in comp...A selective review of the literature demonstrates the difficulty in defining‘vernacular architecture’.Recent studies have presented an overly narrow,single-sided,or even unacceptable image of the topic in comparison with many earlier definitions and discussions.However,those earlier analyses also had various shortfalls.The interdependence of vernacular architecture,economic interests,and emerging awareness of buildings’interaction with the environment demand a rethinking of vernacular architecture,which the present study understands as signifying housing offered for most of the world’s population.展开更多
文摘Natural resource scarcity,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions are critical issues that require immediate attention.With the global population steadily increasing and economies expanding,the demand for natural resources,particularly fossil fuels,has experienced an unprecedented surge.This surge in consumption is directly linked to the alarming rise in greenhouse gas emissions.The study examines the nexus between agricultural nitrous oxide emissions and natural resource scarcity,taking into account the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,fishing value addition,fossil fuels,and total greenhouse gas emissions in top-emitting countries between 1971 and 2020.Natural resource scarcity positively correlates with agriculture,forestry,fishing,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions.There is a decrease in natural resource scarcity in countries that emit agricultural nitrous oxide,forestry,fishing emissions,fossil fuel energy consumption,and greenhouse gas emissions.Policy-makers may promote sustainable development,mitigate climate change,and ensure the longterm viability of agricultural systems by addressing the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,and fishing value addition in top-emitting countries.Through strategic policy interventions,supported by technology transfer,capacity building,and market-based instruments,the agricultural,forestry,and fishing sector can achieve a more sustainable future while addressing the challenges of natural resource scarcity.
文摘Water scarcity is a challenge in many arid and semi-arid regions; this may lead to a series of environmental problems and could be stressed even further by the effects from climate change. This study focused on the water resource management in Shanshan County, an inland arid region located in northwestern China with a long history of groundwater overexploitation. A model of the supply and demand system in the study area from 2006 to2030, including effects from global climate change,was developed using a system dynamics(SD)modeling tool. This SD model was used to 1) explore the best water-resource management options by testing system responses under various scenarios and2) identify the principal factors affecting the responses, aiming for a balance of the groundwater system and sustainable socio-economic development.Three causes were identified as primarily responsible for water issues in Shanshan: low water-use efficiency low water reuse, and increase in industrial waterdemand. To address these causes, a combined scenario was designed and simulated, which was able to keep the water deficiency under 5% by 2030. The model provided some insights into the dynamic interrelations that generate system behavior and the key factors in the system that govern water demand and supply. The model as well as the study results may be useful in water resources management in Shanshan and may be applied, with appropriate modifications, to other regions facing similar water management challenges.
文摘A selective review of the literature demonstrates the difficulty in defining‘vernacular architecture’.Recent studies have presented an overly narrow,single-sided,or even unacceptable image of the topic in comparison with many earlier definitions and discussions.However,those earlier analyses also had various shortfalls.The interdependence of vernacular architecture,economic interests,and emerging awareness of buildings’interaction with the environment demand a rethinking of vernacular architecture,which the present study understands as signifying housing offered for most of the world’s population.
