Research and implementation of a new web cache strategy

This paper presented a new shared cache technique-the grouping cache, which could solve many invalid queries in the broadcast probe and the control bottleneck of the centralized web cache by dividing all cooperative caches into several groups according to their positions in the network topology. The technique has the following characteristics: The overhead of multi-cache query can be reduced efficiently by the cache grouping scheme; the compact summary of the cache directory can rapidly determine if a request exists in a cache within the group; the distribution algorithm based on the web-access logs can effectively balance the load among all the groups. The simulation test demonstrated that the grouping cache was more effective than any other existing shared cache techniques.

十六次二水平schematic正交表

Hedayat[1]在研究正交表行的关系中,提出了许多公开的问题.其中之一就是哪些正交表按行的关系可以形成结合方案及其如何分类.目前关于schematic正交表及其结合方案的研究结果很少,对强度2的混合正交表结果更少[2].本文得出结论：总存在参数为L16（2k）（k=1,2,…,15）的schematic正交表.

Cassirer on the Syntax of Being

This paper examines the expression of being from the syntactic perspective in the framework of Cassirer＇s philosophy of language in his Philosophy of Symbolic Forms. It first introduces the debate about the validity of the question of being between the logical and ontological perspectives, represented by J. S. Mill＇s attempt to annul the question and Heidegger＇s counter argument. It then moves to the syntactic perspective by using Aquinas＇ statement that in every apprehension being should be present, and then reconsiders the function of copula in a sentence. The main part of this article follows Cassirer＇s argument by picking up the so-called ＂war of the giants＂ between the Heraclitean flux and the Parmenidean immovable being in the context of language in Plato＇s three dialogues, namely Cratylus, Theaetetus, and Sophist. It then moves on to Cassirer＇s Kantian scheme of analysis to handle the Platonic question, and argues that words and sentences are different moments of unit formation in our consciousness. It concludes with Cassirer＇s argument of the priority of sentence over words, and that the concentration merely on the copula is a limited approach to the question. The purpose of this paper is to show Cassirer＇s contribution to the problem of being by shifting the attention from semantics to the syntax and by breaking new ground from neo-Kantianism, and offers an approach to understand the role of language in our knowledge of the objective world which is neither purely nominal nor realist.

The Schematic Theory and English Reading Comprehension Teaching

Schema theory originated from western Countries.It explained explicitly how readers' world knowledge interacts with text to arrive at comprehension.Many Chinese English teachers use it to guide their teaching,but most of them can not get an ideal outcome.First,this paper represent schemata and schematic theory briefly,and then explores the interactions beween schematic theory and reading comprehension.At last,the author lists out three factors that is helpful for comprehending and establishing new schemata.

A Study of Structure and Mechanism of a Meso-beta-scale Convective Vortex and Associated Heavy Rainfall in the Dabie Mountain Area Part I: Diagnostic Analysis of the Structure

An analysis was conducted on the evolutional process of a mesoscale convective vortex （MCV） and associated heavy rainfall in the Dabie Mountain area on 21-22 June 2008,as well as their structural characteristics in different stages,by using the mesoscale reanalysis data with 3 km and 1 h resolution generated by the Local Analysis and Prediction System （LAPS） in the Southern China Heavy Rainfall Experiment.The results showed that the latent heat released by convection in the midtroposphere was the main energy source for the development of a low-level vortex.There was a positive feedback interaction between the convection and the vortex,and the evolution of the MCV was closely related to the strength of the positive interaction.The most typical characteristics of the thermal structure in different stages were that,there was a relatively thin diabatic heating layer in the midtroposphere in the formative stage;the thickness of diabatic heating layer significantly increased in the mature stage;and it almost disappeared in the decay stage.The characteristics of the dynamic structure were that,in the formative stage,there was no anticyclonic circulation at the high level;in the mature stage,an anticyclonic circulation with strong divergence was formed at the high level;in the decay stage,the anticyclonic circulation was damaged and the high-level atmosphere was in a disordered state of turbulence.Finally,the structural schematics of the MCV in the formative and mature stage were established respectively.

Research on Flexible Transfer Line Schematic Design Using Hierarchical Process Planning

Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion engine,and so on.In today’s competitive business environment,it is vit ally important for machine tool manufacturers to design flexible transfer line m ore effectively and efficiently according to a wider variety of customer demand s.This paper proposes an approach to a bidding-based flexible transfer line sc hematic design system.By analyzing manual FTL design process,the architecture o f flexible transfer line schematic design system(FTLSDS)is established.The syst em consists:of four processes:part feature modeling,process planning,FTL fac i lity layout and FTL evaluation. For FTL schematic design.a five-level proces s planning strategy named hierarchical process planning method is proposed.This method includes selection of manufacturing feature machining operation;part se t-up planning,feature sequencing,operation sequencing and process plan genera ting.The major decision relies on setup planning.According to the proceeding o f the hierarchical process planning,the structure of reasoning is proposed base d on blackboard.Under this paradigm,a cooperative effort between a hybrid coll ection of knowledge sources is possible.Total reasoning task can be divided int o some subtasks,and recursive-reasoning system is formed.It is convenient for process planning with step-by-step solution.Meanwhile,the blackboard is use d as the global data exchange area during all reasoning process.By using modula r technology,special purpose machine tools can be designed more efficiently and rapidly.The framework of machine modular design system to support machine requ irement design for FTL is established.By synthesizing the FTL evaluation criter ia.five evaluation criteria of flexible transfer 1ine schematic design are take n into account.An exampie is supplied to demonstrate and verify the validity an d feasibility of flexible transfer line schematic design approach.

Hydro-mechanical response with respect to the air ventilation for water filtration in homogeneous soil

When water penetrates into soil,interstitial air can become trapped by the infiltrating water.Neglecting the effect of air ventilation could cause deviations in the predicted pore water pressure and the associated effective stress.This study aims at the effect of air ventilation on the coupled hydro-mechanical responses in homogeneous soil during infiltration.A schematic concept of infiltration conditions(open-and closed-valve)in homogeneous soil is proposed for investigating their impacts on the pore water pressure and effective stress.Experiments of vertical soil column filled with Ottawa sand(ASTM C77820/30)were designed for two types of air ventilation(namely,open and closed infiltration).The evolution of pore water pressure at the cylinder bottom was recorded,and served as a benchmark problem for evaluating the coupled hydro-mechanical response.Coding with the commercial software,GeoStudio,was employed for the dynamic behaviors of pore-water and-air pressures as well as the evolving effective stress.It was found in both the experiments and numerical investigations that the infiltration condition plays a crucial role for the ascending rate of pore water pressure as well as the associated effective stress.These results illustrate the inevitable impacts of the air ventilation conditions on the mechanical properties of the soil during infiltration.

Schematic Road Network Map Progressive Generalization Based on Multiple Constraints

Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including progressive selection and displacement is proposed. Furthermore, topological checking methods for road networks are researched. Based on these constraints, the points in a road network are classified, and a satisfactory and effective schematic map is designed in a con- crete experiment while maintaining topological consistency of the road network between the original and the schematic map

Characteristics of a Terrain-Following Sigma Coordinate

This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.

Automatic Generation of Schematic Diagrams in High-Level Synthesis

The automatic schematic diagram generator of BIT (ASG-BIT) discussed here is a subsystem of the VHDL high-level synthesis and mixed-level simulation system (HLS-BIT). It can abstract netlists from the result of logic synthesis and generates functionally readable and aesthetically pleasing diagrams within reasonable execution time. The partitioning, placement and routing of schematic diagram are discussed .and some results including several diagrams generated by ASG-BIT system are presented in the finale of this paper.

基于Creo Schematics的自动布线设计

为解决用线束传统设计方法绘制的图纸因为采用二维软件绘制与三维设计脱节,导致自动化水平低、出图效率低下且极易错漏的问题,提出采用Schematics软件绘制原理图,然后导出XML文件将电气原理信息传输给三维模型进而驱动自动布线,自动生成与真实线束尺寸相同的实体。线束展平后可直接生成二维工程图,自动归集CHART表、BOM表,极大地提高了设计效率与准确性。

16 Bits DAC's Design, Simulation and Layout

The high speed and precision 16 bits DAC will be applied in DSP (Digital Signal Processing) based on CSR pulsed power supply control system. In this application the DAC is needed to work in 1 μs’ converting data rate, 16 bit resolution and its output voltage is 10 volts.

Schematic interface of sound creation for computer animators

As an audiovisual medium, computer animations require superior image quality and professional soundtrack to lead audiences into their fascinating virtual world. Without sound, the impact of storytelling is reduced or the story is even not under- standable. Despite the importance of sound, most animators are unfamiliar with sound editing software. Limited budget projects such as independent or student works have difficulty hiring sound professionals to create tailor-made soundtrack. Therefore, we need a suitable sound tool to express their individual ideas. In this paper, we propose an approach using schematic for both computer animation and sound. Our approach provides (1) physical simulation on sound through animation parameters and (2) a new channel for animators to add aesthetic values in sound through their experience of using schematics in existing animation software. We demonstrate our idea through several examples, such as Doppler shift, obstacle effect, importance, energetic, and sputtering effect.

Decay Rate of Energy Eigenfunctions in Classically Energetically Inaccessible Regions in more than One-Dimensional Configuration Spaces

An approximate formula is proposed for the decay rate of energy eigenfunctions in classically energetically inaccessible regions in more than one-dimensional configuration spaces. This is achieved by generalizing an approach proposed recently for energy eigenfunctions in the one-dimensional configuration space. The formula is tested numerically in the Pullen-Edmonds model.

Influence of transverse mode on retinal spot size and retinal injury effect:A theoreticalan alysis on 532-nm laser

The fundamental transverse mode(TEM00)is preferable for experimental and theoretical study on the laser-induced retinal injury effect,for it can produce the minimal retinal image andestablish the most strict laser safety standards.But actually lasers with higher order mode werefrequently used in both earlier and recent studies.Generally higher order mode leads to largerretinal spot size and so higher damage threshold,but there are few quantitative analyses on thisproblem.In this paper,a four-surface schematic eye model is established for human and macaque.The propagation of 532-nm laser in schematic eye is analyzed by the ABCD law of Gaussianoptics.It is shown that retinal spot size increases with laser transverse mode order.For relativelower mode order,the retinal spot diameter will not exceed the minimum laser-induced retinallesion(25~30μm in diameter),and so has little effect on retinal damage threshold.While forhigher order mode,the larger'retinal spot requires more energy to induce injury and so the damage threshold increases.When beam divergence is lowered,the retinal spot size decreasescorrespondingly,so the efect of mode order can be compensated.The retinal spot size of macaqueis slightly smaller than that of human and the ratio bet ween them is independent of mode order.We conclude that the laser mode order has significant influence on retinal spot size but limitedinfluence on the retinal injury ffect.

The Electromagnetic Compatibility Design of the Wireless Sensor Network Node

This paper is concerned with the sensor nodes’ hardware design of the wireless sensor network.We focus on the electromagnetic compatibility design of the printed circuit board.In this paper,we will give a schematic diagram first,and then,according to the layout,wiring rules and the knowledge of electromagnetic compatibility, we will present the design of the printed circuit board which has a good characteristic of electromagnetic compatibility.

Empathic Design： Understanding User Experience Through Schema Changes and Innovative Design

As administration ofblogs is one of the most popular activities on the Internet currently, topics related to blogs have also become a favorite subject in daily life. Questions like what ways can be used to show end-users＇ or designers＇ internal knowledge to find out their needs, what methods can be applied to analysis of the process, etc., have not been answered yet. Therefore, how to analyze the tacit knowledge and grasp the true demand of users is one of the major issues to be solved in empathic design. The purpose of this research is to examine the difference of whether the ＂comparison table of schema changes for users at three points of time＂ was taken into consideration or not in an empathic design brainstorming meeting. The tests consist of the experimental group and the control group. The former did not refer to the comparison table; however, the latter used it for discussion. The result indicates this comparison table helped the control group significantly in presenting an ultimate blog design of innovative ideas

Optical Spectrometer with Acousto-Optical Dynamic Grating for Guillermo Haro Astrophysical Observatory

Optical spectrometer of the Guillermo Haro astrophysical observatory (Mexico) realizes investigations in the visible and near-infrared range 350 - 800 nm and exploits mechanically removable traditional static diffraction gratings as dispersive elements. There is a set of the static gratings with slit-densities 150 - 600 lines/mm and optical apertures 9 cm × 9 cm that provide the first order spectral resolution from 0.8 to 3.2 A/pixel, respectively. However, the needed mechanical manipulations, namely, replacing the static diffraction gratings with various resolutions and following recalibration of spectrometer within studying even the same object are practically inconvenient and lead to wasting rather expensive observation time. We suggest exploiting an acousto-optical cell, i.e. the dynamic diffraction grating tunable electronically, as dispersive element in that spectrometer. Involving the acousto-optical technique, which can potentially provide electronic control over the spectral resolution and the range of observations, leads to eliminating the abovementioned demerits and improving the efficiency of analysis.

Aether原理图驱动版图工具Device Matching功能的原理与实现

本文针对Aether原理图驱动版图工具中的器件匹配功能的原理与机制予以论述。本文首先探讨当前深亚微米工艺下进行器件失配的由来;其次描述了器件匹配的原理;最后针对设计工艺中不同的器件类型晶体管(MOS)、电阻(Resistor)等进行匹配实现,并基于Aether原理图驱动版图工具给出该功能实现的实际效果图,提出了产品化过程中注意到一些问题。市场实践表明,该功能在版图设计过程中能够帮助版图工程师快速完成匹配器件的版图生成,从而极大提高了版图工程师的设计效率。