Human pathogenic fungus Trichophyton schoenleinii activates the NLRP3 inflammasome

The fungus Trichophyton schoenleinii(T.schoenleinii)is the causative agent of Trichophytosis and Tinea favosa of the scalp in certain regions of Eurasia and Africa.Hu-man innate immune system plays an important role in combating with various pathogens including fungi.The inflammasome is one of the most critical arms of host innate immunity,which is a protein complex controlling maturation of IL-1β.To clarify whether T.schoenleinii is able to activate the infl ammasome,we analyzed human monocytic cell line THP-1 for IL-1βproduction upon infec-tion with T.schoenleinii strain isolated from Tinea favosa patients,and rapid IL-1βsecretion from THP-1 cells was observed.Moreover,applying competitive inhibitors and gene specifi c silencing with shRNA,we found that T.sch-oenleinii induced IL-1βsecretion,ASC pyroptosome for-mation as well as caspase-1 activation were all dependent on NLRP3.Cathepsin B activity,ROS production and K+effl ux were required for the infl ammasome activation by T.schoenleinii.Our data thus reveal that the NLRP3 infl am-masome plays an important role in host defense against T.schoenleinii,and suggest that manipulating NLRP3 signaling can be a novel approach for control of diseases caused by T.schoenleinii infection.

家兔皮肤真菌病的病原分离与鉴定

通过对采自广东省 7个发生皮肤真菌病兔场的 146份病料的直接镜检 ,分离培养和生化试验 ,初步鉴定病原真菌有 2个属 3个种和 4个型即 :石膏样毛癣菌 (Ⅰ型 ,Ⅲ型 ,Ⅴ型 ) ,黄癣菌 (许兰氏原型 )及念珠菌属的热带念珠菌 ,未分类

1960～2015年湖北及周边地区头癣病原菌变化情况分析

目的了解1960~2015年间湖北及周边地区头癣病例的病原菌变化情况。方法归类、统计1960~2015年间我院皮肤性病科真菌室分离、鉴定来自头癣病例的病原真菌种类和数量。鉴定方法包括形态学、生理及生化实验方法。结果本地区20世纪60年代头癣高发,病原菌以许兰毛癣菌(41.9%)和紫色毛癣菌(31.0%)为主。70年代病例数锐减。90年代,犬小孢子菌比例达高峰(36.9%)后下降,目前罕见。近5a紫色毛癣菌已取代许兰毛癣菌,成为本地区主要病原菌(63.0%)。许兰毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌多见于成人,而紫色毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌、趾(指)间毛癣菌和铁锈色小孢子菌均更多见于儿童。成年患者中女性所占比例(64.6%)显著高于儿童患者中女性比例(50.6%)(除许兰毛癣菌外)(P<0.05)。结论本地区头癣病原菌种类不断变迁,目前优势菌为紫色毛癣菌。

黄癣2例

2例女性患者,年龄分别为31,17岁。头部大片脱发、断发、脱屑、炎症、丘疹、渗出、结痂及面积不等的萎缩性瘢痕。病程分别长达16年、11年。断发、痂皮真菌直接镜检阳性,培养为许兰黄癣菌,确诊为黄癣。经口服特比萘芬和外用抗真菌药及抗生素治疗痊愈。

儿童不典型黄癣1例报告及文献复习

报告1例由许兰毛癣菌(Trichophyton schoenleinii)引起的儿童不典型黄癣,患儿临床症状轻微,缺乏蜡黄色、碟形黄癣痂和特殊的鼠臭味等典型临床症状。病发真菌直接镜检见大量不规则菌丝,间生膨大,大小不等、形态不规则的孢子,真菌培养为许兰毛癣菌生长,经分子生物学测序鉴定证实。E-test药敏结果显示伊曲康唑、两性霉素B、卡泊芬净及伏立康唑均敏感。经口服伊曲康唑胶囊及外用2%舍他康唑乳膏治疗基本痊愈。