Effect of artificial natural light on the development of myopia among primary school-age children in China:a three-year longitudinal study

AIM:To assess the efficacy of artificial natural light in preventing incident myopia in primary school-age children.METHODS:This is a prospective,randomized control,intervention study.A total of 1840 students from 39 classes in 4 primary schools in Foshan participated in this study.The whole randomization method was adopted to include classes as a group according to 1:1 randomized control.Classrooms in the control group were illuminated by usual light,and classrooms in the intervention group were illuminated by artificial natural light.All students received uncorrected visual acuity and best-corrected visual acuity measurement,non-cycloplegic autorefraction,ocular biometric examination,slit lamp and strabismus examination.Three-year follow-up,the students underwent same procedures.Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction≤-0.50 D and uncorrected visual acuity<20/20.RESULTS:There were 894 students in the control group and 946 students in the intervention group with a mean±SD age of 7.50±0.53y.The three-year cumulative incidence rate of myopia was 26.4%(207 incident cases among 784 eligible participants at baseline)in the control group and 21.2%(164 incident cases among 774 eligible participants at baseline)in the intervention group[difference of 5.2%(95%CI,3.7%to 10.1%);P=0.035].There was also a significant difference in the three-year change in spherical equivalent refraction for the control group(-0.81 D)compared with the intervention group[-0.63 D;difference of 0.18 D(95%CI,0.08 to 0.28 D);P<0.001].Elongation of axial length was significantly different between in the control group(0.77 mm)and the intervention group[0.72 mm;difference of 0.05 mm(95%CI,0.01 to 0.09 mm);P=0.003].CONCLUSION:Artificial natural light in the classroom of primary schools can result in reducing incidence rate of myopia during a period of three years.

The Diagnostic Validity of Preterm Delivery in Adolescent Girls Based on Neonatal Clinical Assessment

Introduction: Pregnant adolescents are at an elevated risk of premature delivery. In the context of low levels of education and limited resources, several difficulties are encountered in determining gestational age. These include a lack of knowledge of the date of the last menstrual period, failure to perform first-trimester ultrasound, and absence of an electroencephalogram. In such circumstances, the utilisation of a morphological score, analogous to the Finnstrom score, to ascertain gestational age would appear to be a more accessible and straightforward approach. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the Finnström score in newborns of teenage mothers, where the date of the last menstrual period may be subject to inaccuracy, in order to validate the diagnosis of preterm delivery. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional design of 87 newborns of teenage mothers, multicenter, conducted in the city of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) with prospective data collection. Results: This study involved 87 newborns born to adolescent mothers. The incidence of premature delivery, as determined by the date of the last menstrual period, was observed to be 17.6% among teenage girls and 5.3% among adults. As indicated by the Finnström morphological score and early ultrasound dating, the incidence of preterm delivery was notably elevated, at 32.2% and 37.7%, respectively. The correlation between gestational age according to the date of the last menstrual period and gestational age according to early ultrasound dating was low (0.338), while there was a satisfactory correlation between gestational age according to the Finnström morphological score and early ultrasound dating (0.828). Conclusion: The Finnström morphological score represents a valuable tool for accurately determining gestational age, thereby validating the diagnosis of preterm delivery in adolescents, who are prone to inaccuracies in determining the date of the last menstrual period. It is therefore recommended that this score be evaluated in our setting, where access to ultrasound is sometimes still problematic.

Factors Associated with HPV Vaccine Uptake among Girls Aged 9 - 14 in the Langue de Barbarie Area of Saint-Louis, Senegal in 2024

Introduction: The HPV vaccine was included in the Expanded Programme on Immunisation in Senegal in 2018. However, vaccination coverage is still low among targeted girls. The aim of this research was to study the factors associated with vaccine uptake among girls aged 9 - 14 years in the Langue de Barbarie area of Saint-Louis, Senegal. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. The sample size was calculated using the Schwartz formula and distributed proportionally to the size of the population in the neighborhoods. Data were collected from 2nd to 19th January 2024 from mothers or guardians of girls aged 9 to 14 using anonymous questionnaires configured on tablets with Survey 123 software and analysed using R software. Results: A total of 799 people were interviewed. The average age of the respondents was 35.67 years, with a standard deviation of 7.08 and a range of 17 and 49 years. Reported vaccination coverage was 41.9%. Factors positively correlated with vaccination included: attendance at primary school or daara (OR = 2.50 [CI: 1.43 - 4.48] and OR = 2.05 [CI: 1.09 - 3.94]), information about vaccination (OR = 6.64 [CI: 4.59 - 9.72]), history of cervical cancer screening among mothers or guardians (OR = 6.64 [CI: 4.59 - 9.72]). Conclusion: Identifying the factors associated with HPV vaccination is necessary to assess and improve the vaccination strategy in order to improve vaccination coverage among targeted girls.

Study on the Knowledge of Mothers or Guardians of Girls Aged 9 - 14 from the Langue de Barbarie in Saint-Louis, Senegal about Cervical Cancer and Its Relationship to HPV Vaccination in 2024

Introduction: The relationship between knowledge of HPV and vaccination has been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of mothers or guardians of girls aged 9 - 14 about cervical cancer and their attitudes to HPV vaccination. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The sample size was calculated using the Schwartz formula and distributed proportionally to the size of the neighbourhood population. Data was collected between 2nd to 19th January 2024 using anonymous questionnaires configured on tablets with Survey 123 software and analysed using R software. Results: A total of 799 people were interviewed. The average age of the respondents was 35.67 years, with a standard deviation of 7.08 and a range of 17 and 49 years. The information channels for cervical cancer were the media (82.8%), health facilities (47.7%) and community intermediaries (23.3%). Only 53.7% had information about the vaccine and 25.5% about the vaccination strategy. The main reason for accepting the vaccine was awareness of the seriousness of cervical cancer (55.1%). Conclusion: It is essential to take stock of knowledge about cervical cancer and attitudes to vaccination to assess the impact of interventions and redirect strategies to improve vaccination coverage. .

Gaze and Oppositional Gaze in Mr. Tang’s Girls

The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows the conflict between Eastern and Western cultures and the resistance of women under the oppression of patriarchy through the portrayal of the father,Ah Kong,and the eldest daughter,Kim Li.Based on Foucault’s discipline gaze and Hooks’oppositional gaze,this article analyzes the power operation in the story from the following three aspects:the male gaze,discipline and self-discipline,and the oppositional gaze.Kim Li’s subjective image of breaking free from male ownership control has been presented.It suggests the difficulties encountered by female groups in their rebellion against the male gaze and their pursuit of freedom and emancipation.It also reflects the tragedy of awakening women’s destinies under the dual oppression of patriarchy and the East-Westen cultural conflict.

Research Progress in Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Health Management for School-Age Children with Asthma

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of Chinese and Western medicine in the health management of school-age children with asthma and its research progress,with a view to providing a more comprehensive and effective management strategy for the clinic.Methods:Using the method of literature review,this study systematically searched and analyzed the relevant studies on the combination of Chinese and Western medicine in the health management of school-aged children with asthma in recent years,focusing on Chinese medicine treatment,Western medicine treatment,and the combined health management of Chinese and Western medicine.Results:Chinese medicine treatment,Western medicine treatment,and the health management mode of combining Chinese and Western medicine showed unique advantages in school-age asthmatic children.Through the comprehensive use of Chinese medicine’s diagnosis and treatment,Chinese medicine conditioning,Chinese medicine characteristic therapy,and Western medicine’s modern medical methods,it not only effectively relieved asthma symptoms but also significantly improved the quality of life of the children.At the same time,this management mode also focuses on the psychological guidance and family care of the children,forming an all-round and multi-level health management system.Conclusion:The health management strategy of combining Chinese and Western medicine has a broad application prospect in school-age asthmatic children,and its specific interventions and mechanisms of action should be further studied to provide more scientific and systematic guidance for clinical practice.

Improving school physical education to increase physical activity and promote healthy growth of Chinese school-aged children Time for action

Throughout its more than 5000-year history, China has a long tradition of encouraging active engagement in physical and sport activities This enduring tradition, however, has been facing some major headwinds as China continues to expe- rience demographic and environmental changes related to aging, urbanization, and lifestyle shifts.

Step it up： Promoting physical activity in school-aged children and adolescents in China

In this special issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science, a series of articles describe the results of the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China--The Youth Study. The results show a relatively high prevalence of sedentary behaviors, unhealthy weight, lower fitness levels, and lower levels of engagement in physical exercise and fitness activities than antici- pated.

The Neurocognitive Assessment of HIV-Infected School-Aged Nigerian Children

Objective: Studies available on cognitive function among school-aged HIV-infected African and in particular Nigerian children are few. The purpose of the study was to assess the neurocognitive function of a group of HIV-infected schoolaged (6 - 15 years) children using the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RPM). Method: Cognitive assessments of 69 HIV positive children and 69 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy HIV negative control children were performed using the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RPM). The children were subdivided (Piaget’s developmental staging) into two sub-groups: the concrete operation stage (6 - 11 years) and the formal operation stage (12 - 15 years) for analysis. Result: The mean RPM score for the HIV positive children was 18.2 (8.0 - 47.0, SD 9.8) which was significantly lower than the score of 27.2 (8.0 - 52.0, SD 13.8) for the HIV negative children (p < 0.001). On the RPM grading and using the HIV negative children as the standard, 56.5% of the HIV positive children had cognitive performance at below average to intellectually defective range. Conclusion: School-aged HIV positive children had significantly lower cognitive scores compared with age and gender-matched HIV negative children. Routine neuropsychological evaluation of all school-aged HIV-infected children is recommended. Early detection of cognitive impairment will help in planning appropriate interventions.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Tungiasis among School-Aged Children in the City of Port Gentil, Ogooué-Maritime Province, Gabon in Central Africa

Background: Tungiasis is a skin infestation caused by the female sand flea called Tunga penetrans. Associated with a significant morbidity, this ectoparasite is present in all tropical regions, such as Gabon. Unfortunately, in this country, no study has ever been undertaken on this disease. However, in both urban and rural areas of this country, it causes disfigurement and mutilation of the feet or hands in infested persons, and is sometimes responsible for the school dropout of many children. It is in this context that this timely and relevant research was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with Tungiasis in school-aged children in the city of Port Gentil, Ogooué-Maritime province, Gabon in Central Africa. Materials and Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study took place from May 22 to August 18, 2022, in two popular and underprivileged neighborhoods of the city of Port Gentil. It consisted of a physical diagnosis of the participants, and with the help of a questionnaire submitted to their parents/guardians, numerous data were collected. Entered into an Excel 2016 spreadsheet, the data were exported to the R software in its R Commander interface, for two types of analyses. A univariate and a multivariate analysis, using logistic regression, first on socio-demographic characteristics and then on habitual and environmental behavioral characteristics, was performed and the variables in this analysis reported odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. The results were statistically significant at p Results: A total of 637 school-aged children with a mean age of 12.73 years and a standard deviation of 5.44, were registered and examined for this study. Among them, Tunga penetrans infestation was found in 242 children, indicating an overall prevalence of 37.99% (95% CI [0.34 - 0.41]). Univariate and multivariate analyses, using logistic regression, first according to socio-demographic characteristics and then according to risk factors indicated that, the age groups of 5 to 9 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 9.27;95% CI: [6.66 - 12. 91]) and 10 - 14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.16;95% CI: [0.10 - 0.25]), Eshira ethnicity (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 7.46;95% CI: [2.97 - 18.76]), child’s primary education level (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.008;95% CI: [0.006 - 0.011]), Father’s/Guardian’s education level (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.22;95% CI: [0.13 - 0.35]), homemaker status (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 4.89;95% CI: [3.51 - 6. 79]) and risk factors such as: promiscuity with dogs, cats or other animals around the house (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 38.30;95% CI: [22.13 - 66.26]), wearing shoes a few times (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.02;95% CI [0.01 - 0.03]), walking sometimes barefoot, on land or sand (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.28;95% CI: [0.18 - 0.42]), having other sources of water consumed than the tap (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.25;95% CI: [0.16 - 037]), living in a dwelling with soil or sand (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 6.8;95% CI: [4.58 - 10.09]), having average housing conditions (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 46.8;95% CI [24.29 - 90.16]), and the number of people living in the family that was greater than or equal to 6 (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.1;95% CI [0.07 - 0.13]), were significantly associated with the prevalence of Tungiasis. Conclusion: The results of this study will inform control programs and water and sanitation interventions for the Tunga penetrans epidemic in Port Gentil, Gabon.

The Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease among School-Age Children in China:A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Objectives:To estimate the prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease(CHD)in school-age children,to identify the extent to which altitude affects the prevalence of the disease,and to examine trends in prevalence over time in China.Methods:Seven databases were systematically searched and last retrieved on September 10,2021 for all studies reporting the prevalence of CHD in children after 1970 in China,which were then divided into high and low altitude regions based on 2500 meters above sea level.The random-effected model was used to combine prevalence data and subgroups analysis.The baseline data of all cases and individuals were used for comparison to calculate the odds ratio(OR)for overall and different altitude prevalence.Results:A total of 12,926,083 individuals(aged 3-18 years),with 31,835 cases from 86 studies,were included in the analysis.The pooled CHD prevalence of total children was 4.69[95%confidence interval(CI):4.10 to 5.29]per 1000 children.Overall,temporal trends analysis indicated that the prevalence of CHD in children continuously decreased with time,from 6.19(95%CI:4.50 to 7.88)per 1000 children in 1976-1985 to 3.30(95%CI:2.49;4.38)per 1000 children in 2016-2021.The OR for the prevalence of CHD in children from high and low altitudes with baseline data was 2.84(95%CI:2.48 to 3.27)and 1.31(95%CI:1.13 to 1.53)(χ^(2)=53.89,p<0.01),respectively.The OR of the prevalence of CHD in male children compared to females was 0.60(95%CI:0.53 to 0.68)at high altitudes and 0.79(95%CI:0.71 to 0.89)at low altitudes.Among the seven most common subtypes,patent ductus arteriosus was the most common at high altitudes,while atrial septal defects were the most common at low altitudes.Conclusion:This study provides valuable insights for further disease prevention and etiological exploration.The overall decreasing trend in the prevalence of CHD in children over time may indicate a positive effect of perinatal management and treatment during infancy.

Persistent Congenital Paraurethral Cyst, a Rare Cause of Dysuria in a Girl

Congenital paraurethral cyst rarely occurs. Its natural history is spontaneous regression, leading to conservative management adoption. We report an exceptional case of a 13-year-old female with a persistent congenital paraurethral cyst, leading to dysuria. We surgically excised the cyst, and the outcomes were unremarkable 20 months postoperatively.

Clinical efficacy of leprerelin acetate with different dosage forms in central precocious puberty girls

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of different dosage forms of lepraline acetate(LA)in the treatment of girls with central precocious puberty(CPP).Methods:72 CPP girls treated in the Department of Pediatrics of Huai'an First People's Hospital from February 2021 to August 2022 were included as subjects and divided into two groups:3-month LA group(n=34)and 1-month LA group(n=38).Both group girls were treated for 6 months.Serum hormone levels,body mass index(BMI),bone age/chronological age(BA/CA)and pelvic color ultrasound were detected at 0 and 6 months after treatment,and the changes of various indexes were compared before and after treatment.Results:1)There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).2)After 6 months of treatment,BA/CA decreased,growth rate slowed down,and predicted adult height increased in both groups(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences between groups(P>0.05).3)After 6 months of treatment,there waere no significant differences in luteinizing hormone(LH)inhibition ratio between the 3 month and 1 month dosage groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the peak value of serum LH and FSH,estradiol level,uterine volume,bilateral ovarian volume,maximum follicle diameter and the number of follicles 4mm were significantly decreased in the two groups,but there were no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).4)There were no significant differences in the levels of thyroid hormone,fasting blood glucose and triglyceride between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05).Total cholesterol levels were increased after treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05).5)No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment of the two dosage forms of LA,but the 3-month dosage form of LA reduced the treatment cost and improved the treatment compliance.Conclusion:The short-term efficacy of 3-month LA in the treatment of CPP in girls is similar to that of 1-month LA.The 3-month dosage form LA is a safe,effective,and economical method for the treatment of CPP in girls.

青春期前糖尿病女童外阴阴道炎临床特征及综合干预疗效观察

目的探讨青春期前糖尿病女童外阴阴道炎的临床特点,以提高对本病的认识,实现早期治疗并预防复发。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2022年9月于北京儿童医院就诊的38例青春期前糖尿病合并外阴阴道炎女童的临床资料,分析临床特征及治疗预后情况。结果38例女童平均年龄6.6岁,均为青春期前乳房尚未发育的女童。糖尿病病程中位数24.6天,外阴阴道炎病程中位数5.3天。病原学检测显示真菌感染27例,占71.05%,1型糖尿病组真菌感染比例略高于2型糖尿病,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病酮症组中73.3%患儿确诊真菌性外阴阴道炎;非酮症组为62.5%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。真菌感染组7.4%患儿出现阴道黄色分泌物,非真菌感染组为90.9%,差异具有显著统计学意义(χ^(2)=25.222,P<0.01)。真菌感染组中81.5%患儿有外阴瘙痒症状;非真菌感染组为63.6%,两组无统计学差异(χ^(2)=1.377,P>0.05)。所有患儿采用综合干预措施,治疗1周,36例痊愈(94.7%),2例明显好转(5.3%)。结论青春期前糖尿病女童外阴阴道炎以真菌感染为主,病原学特点显著区别于无基础疾病的女童;真菌感染比例与糖尿病分型及是否合并酮症无关;阴道黄色分泌物可作为非真菌感染临床特点之一。综合干预治疗措施对治疗改善青春期前女童外阴阴道炎症状具有重要意义。

同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性心理健康的影响及其相互作用的理论模型

目的从青少年人格及同伴环境相互作用的角度,探讨同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用对青春期女性心理健康发展的影响,以及其相互作用的理论模型。方法2022年9月至11月,在陕西省西安市4个城区6所中学(7~12年级)的120个班开展青少年心理健康的问卷调查,随机选取5640名年龄在14~17岁的中学生为研究对象,其中女性有3135名(占55.6%),在完成心理健康问题(抑郁焦虑情绪、外化行为、自杀倾向、睡眠质量和主观幸福感)的测试后,进行同伴关系与环境敏感性的评估,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果①青春期女性的环境敏感性、同伴关系、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向和主观幸福感得分均明显高于青春期男性(t值分别为-7.504、-7.203、5.554、6.128、5.248、12.194、-2.864,P<0.05),而青春期女性的外化行为得分明显低于青春期男性(t=8.658,P<0.05)。②青春期女性同伴关系与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.073、-0.081、-0.121、-0.422,P<0.01),与环境敏感性、外化行为和主观幸福感均呈正相关(r值分别为0.087、0.079、0.221,P<0.01);青春期女性环境敏感性与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量和外化行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.271、0.219、0.224、0.174,P<0.01),与自杀倾向呈负相关(r=-0.078,P<0.01),与主观幸福感无相关性(P>0.05)。③心理问题史在预测青春期女性主观幸福感、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(b值分别为0.221、-0.361、-0.394,P<0.01);同伴关系及环境敏感性在预测青春期女性的主观幸福感、抑郁情绪、自杀倾向和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(同伴关系:b值分别为0.283、-0.086、-0.431、-0.179,P<0.01,环境敏感性:b值分别为0.041、0.172、0.082、0.167,P<0.01);同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用均显著(b值分别为0.072、-0.074、-0.102、-0.093,P<0.05)。④同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性主观幸福感、自杀倾向的交互作用符合差别易感性模型[主观幸福感:交互作用比例指标(PoI)=0.680,受影响比例指标(PA)=0.720;自杀倾向:PoI=0.250,PA=0.210],而同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性抑郁情绪、睡眠质量的交互作用符合素质-压力模型(抑郁情绪:PoI=0.010,PA=0.008;睡眠质量:PoI=0.050,PA=0.030)。结论同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用对青春期女性主观幸福感及自杀倾向的影响支持差别易感性模型,而对抑郁情绪、睡眠质量的影响符合素质-压力模型,提示高环境敏感性女性更容易受到消极同伴关系的影响而表现出更多的心理问题,同时也更多获益于积极同伴环境的作用而促进健康发展。

抗性早熟汤剂治疗单纯性乳房早发育女童的效果

目的探讨抗性早熟汤剂对单纯性乳房早发育(PT)女童的治疗效果。方法收集190例门诊就诊且病历信息相对完善的PT女童的临床资料,将予口服中药(基本组方为:淮山药、茯苓、知母、赤芍、生地黄、夏枯草等)及饮食生活指导的患儿归为治疗组(n=95),仅予饮食生活指导治疗的患儿归为对照组(n=95)。均在门诊随诊1年,比较2组临床结局,并对抗性早熟汤剂的安全性进行评价。结果干预后,治疗组的总有效率为94.74%,高于对照组的17.89%,中医证候疗效的总有效率为100.00%高于对照组的23.16%(P<0.05)。治疗组患儿的乳腺最大长径、卵巢容积、黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素、雌二醇及中医证候评分均较干预前明显降低(P<0.05),且小于对照组(P<0.05);随诊期间未见用药不良反应发生;治疗组PT女童转化为中枢性性早熟(CPP)的转化率低于对照组(8.42%比14.73%,P<0.05)。结论应用抗性早熟汤剂和饮食生活指导对PT女童进行干预,不仅可以改善女童的双侧乳腺长径、卵巢容积,还可以降低性激素水平及CPP的发生率,且安全性较高。

滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟的疗效及对其性激素、性腺体积的影响

目的 观察滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟的疗效及对其性激素、性腺体积的影响。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年10月期间荆州市第一人民医院收治的性早熟女童98例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各49例。对照组患儿给予亮丙瑞林治疗,观察组给予滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗,疗程3个月。观察比较两组患儿临床疗效、不良反应情况,治疗前后中医证候积分,性激素[血清孕酮(Progesterone,P)、睾酮(Testosterone,T)、雌二醇(Estradiol,E_(2))、黄体生成素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)、促卵泡激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)和催乳素(Prolactin,PRL)]、乳核指数、子宫体积、卵巢体积和骨龄(Bone age,BA)/生活年龄(Chronological age,CA)比值。结果 治疗后两组患儿中医证候积分较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组中医证候积分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患儿血清性激素P、LH、FSH、E_(2)和PRL水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T水平与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);且观察组血清性激素P、LH、FSH、E_(2)和PRL水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患儿子宫体积、卵巢体积、乳核指数及BA/CA值均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组子宫体积、卵巢体积、乳核指数及BA/CA值均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组的临床总有效率87.50%(42/48)明显高于对照组72.34%(34/47),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.247,P=0.012)。治疗期间,两组患儿不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.146,P=0.702)。结论 滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟可调节性激素水平,缩小性腺体积,抑制第二性征提前发育,提高临床疗效。

曲普瑞林治疗特发性中枢性性早熟女童的效果及对第二性征的影响

目的探讨特发性中枢性性早熟女童采用曲普瑞林治疗的效果和对第二性征的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月遵化市人民医院儿科诊治的78例特发性中枢性性早熟女童作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组39例。对照组仅采用饮食调整等基础干预,观察组在对照组基础上使用曲普瑞林治疗,比较两组的治疗效果、第二性征发育指标(子宫容积、卵巢容积及乳腺大小)、生长指标[身高、体重及骨龄/实际年龄(BA/CA)]、性激素水平[卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E_(2))、黄体生成素(LH)]和药物安全性。结果观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗12个月后观察组子宫容积、卵巢容积和乳腺大小显著小于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗12个月后观察组体重、身高、BA/CA水平均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗12个月后观察组FSH、LH、E_(2)水平显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组仅出现2例轻微皮疹反应,药物安全性好。结论采用曲普瑞林治疗特发性中枢性性早熟女童的临床效果好,可显著抑制性激素水平,改善第二性征发育指标和生长指标,且安全性佳。

单时相GnRH激发试验对不同体重指数女童中枢性性早熟诊断价值的研究

目的 探讨单时相促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH)激发试验对不同体重指数(body mass index,BMI)女童中枢性性早熟(central precocious puberty,CPP)的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2023年8月在郑州大学第三附属医院就诊的7.5岁前出现乳房发育的760例女童数据。根据GnRH激发试验结果和临床表现综合诊断,分为CPP组(n=297)和非CPP组(n=463)。再根据体重指数(body mass index,BMI)分为正常体重组(n=540)、超重组(n=116)及肥胖组(n=104)。采用受试者操作特征曲线分析单时相GnRH激发试验对不同BMI女童CPP的诊断价值。结果 GnRH激发后30 min黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)/卵泡刺激素诊断CPP的曲线下面积为0.985,高于0、60、90 min LH/卵泡刺激素的曲线下面积(P<0.05)。30 min与60 minLH诊断价值相当(P>0.05)。30 min LH与BMI及BMI-Z值呈负相关(P<0.05)。30 min LH在正常体重、超重、肥胖女童中诊断CPP的曲线下面积分别为0.952、0.965、0.954 (P<0.05)。结论 30 min GnRH激发试验对不同BMI女童CPP均有较好的诊断价值,有望替代传统的GnRH激发试验,但应注意BMI对LH水平的影响。

血清AMH和子宫附件B超参数在女童快进展型中枢性性早熟的早期预警价值

目的分析血清抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)和子宫附件B超参数在女童快进展型中枢性性早熟的早期预警价值。方法非随机选取2022年6月—2024年6月汕头大学医学院附属粤北人民医院收治的60例中枢性性早熟(central precocious puberty,CPP)女童为研究对象,根据是否出现快速进展的指标分为慢进展型中枢性性早熟(SP-CPP)组和快进展型中枢性性早熟(RP-CPP)组,各30例,选择同期30名健康体检女童为对照组。所有女童均进行血清AMH和子宫附件B超检测,统计并分析3组女童的临床指标以及早期预警价值。结果SP-CPP组与RP-CPP组的血清AMH(3.79±1.24)ng/mL、(2.63±0.31)ng/mL低于对照组的(5.30±1.50)ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(F=41.540,P<0.05)。RP-CPP组的血清AMH相较于SP-CPP组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SP-CPP组与RP-CPP组的横径数据比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SP-CPP组的纵径、前后径、子宫体积均低于RP-CPP组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。SP-CPP组与RPCPP组的卵巢超声参数相较对照组更高,且RP-CPP组高于SP-CPP组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。子宫体积早期预警女童快进展型CPP的AUC为0.789。结论AMH和子宫附件B超参数对女童快进展型中枢性性早熟具有一定的早期预警价值,且子宫体积的预警价值最高。